Offshore fouling: investigation methods

On the hasis of the reason that the offshore oil development areas in the northern South China Sea are at greater depth,more hazardous conditions and distance from shore, the methods and technologies used in coastal waters are notfeasible because of the higher risk of losing investigation equipment or facilities. A series of methods and technologiesfor offshore fouling investigation that have been successfully applied is given in detail and it is hoped that theexperience can be helpful for further studies.

Present state,basic theories,methods and progresses of investigation and assessment on marine hazardous geology in China

The achievement progresses of investigation and studies on marine hazardous geology are summarized and presentsd in the late 20 century in China. The importance, research value and present-day studies of marine hazardous geology, a newly developing branch of geoscience, are well expatiated. Several often confused concepts and theories are explained and redefined here. The comment on the means of investigations, assessment of marine hazardous geology, as well as its evolution, innovation, existing questions and future tasks are also introduced and presented. The concepts of 'hazard geology', geohazard', 'map of marine hazard geology', 'integrated evaluaton on seafloor stablity' are respectively discussed, including their definition, research objects, methods and contents. The types and classification of marine hazardous geology, principles and methods of marine hazardous geology map compilation, the assessment methods and models of marine hazardous geology environment and seafloor stability and so on are also discussed.

The Substantive Reform of Court Trials: A Transformation of Logic in the Methods of Evidence Investigation——Summary of the Reform Pilot Project in Chengdu

In the pilot project of the substantive reform of court trials,“unexpected” judgments appeared constantly because the traditional documentary investigation mode has been replaced by an investigation mode under the principle of directness and verbalism. This change in the logic of factual judgments has caused a change in the methods of evidence examination. In traditional evidence examination, evidence obtained from investigations is supposed to be genuine and reliable. In the substantive reform of court trials, it is presumed that evidence obtained from investigations cannot be fully trusted and it is easier to ascertain the facts of the case by investigating using the principles of directness, verbalism and individualized judging methods for evidence examinations. In practice, there are three main factors affecting the genuineness of evidence: the cognitive rules of testifiers, the motivation of the subjects who provide evidence, and the methods used by investigators to obtain evidence. Based on any one of these three factors, it cannot be concluded that evidence obtained from investigations is superior to evidence presented in court. The substantive court investigation is more advantageous to establishing the facts of a case than the traditional court investigation. The essential characteristics of the substantive reform of court trials are pursuing reality in essence instead of in form, and using the files of the court trials instead of the files of the investigation to avoid the evidence obtained through investigations from playing a decisive role in the adjudication thus making criminal procedures trial-centered rather than investigation-centered.

INVESTIGATION OF THE PALEOGEOTHERMAL TECTONIC HISTORY ON DONGPU DEPRESSION AND OIL/GAS FORMATION BY FISSION-TRACK METHOD

Dongpu depression is a fault basin at residual-mobility period of Diwa stage, it developed on the strata of the Mesozoie and Pre-Mesozoie. It is one of the important oil/gas- bearing basin during Cenozoie era along the East China. The strueture in Dongpu geodepression is very complex. There exists a strueture pattern with east- and west-depression belts and one central swell belt, it is divided into the southern- and northern-division by Gaopingji (orMeng Ju ) -Xieheng fault.

Group Investigation in a College English Program at a Chinese University:A Case Study

This study investigated the application and the effect of Group Investigation(GI) in the College English Program in a Chinese University. A qualitative case study method was used to understand the GI system used by Chinese instructors as well as the achievements acquired and challenges met by the participants. Three instructors and fifteen second-year-undergraduates taking a course titled Sources of European Culture participated. Interviews, observations, and documents were used to collect the data. Data analysis showed Chinese instructors applied a GI technique similar to that discussed by Johnson and Johnson(1999); however, GI in the Chinese context demanded more effort from the teacher for designing tasks and provided help in modeling uses of English and in preparing visual, especially Power Point, presentations. Although participants used their mother tongue at some stages, their autonomy over English learning was activated, and horizons in the course content were broadened.

Theoretical investigation of micropolar fluid flow between two porous disks

The steady, laminar, incompressible and two dimensional micropolar flow between two porous disks was investigated using optimal homotopy asymptotic method(OHAM) and fourth order Runge–Kutta numerical method. Comparison between OHAM and numerical method shows that OHAM is an exact and high efficient method for solving these kinds of problems. The results are presented to study the velocity and rotation profiles for different physical parameters such as Reynolds number, vortex viscosity parameter, spin gradient viscosity and microinertia density parameter. As an important outcome, the magnitude of the microrotation increases with an increase in the values of injection velocity while it decreases by increasing the values of suction velocity.

Numerical Investigation of Lid-Driven Deep Cavity with Local Grid Refinement of MRT-LBM

In the case of lid-driven deep cavity flow, the effects of different resolutions of local grid refinement have been studied in the frame of multiple relaxation times (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). In all the cases, the aspect ratio and Reynolds number are set as 1.5 and 3.200, respectively. First, the applied method is validated by comparing it with two reported works, with which agreements are reached. Then, six separate degrees of local grid refinement at the upper left corner, i.e. purely coarse grid, including 1/64, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4 refinements of the lattice number in the width direction have been studied in detail. The results give the following indications:① The refinement degrees lower than 1/8 produce similar results;② For single corner refinement, 1/4 refinement is adequate for clearing the noises in the singularity zone to a large extent;③ New noise around the interface between coarse and fine zones are introduced by local grid refinement. Finally, refinement of entire subzone neighboring the lid is examined to avoid introducing new noises and it has been found effective.

从传统走向现代:改革开放以来调查研究方法的回溯与展望

改革开放以来,调查研究受到高度重视,从学科重建到引进西方调查统计技术,各类调查方法在实践中快速发展。中国调查研究方法在从传统走向现代的进程中取得了宝贵经验,但也存在学习西方统计方法不完整、调查统计脱离群众和远离现实、片面追求所谓“价值中立”、缺乏明确的方法论指导等一系列问题。新时代构建现代调查研究方法体系,就必须把党的调查研究优良传统、西方调查统计方法和现代信息技术结合起来。要坚持实地调查的优良传统,置身于“田野”,深入群众、深入基层进行实地调查,通过与被调查者面对面的直接接触来认识中国社会。要推动实地调查与统计调查相结合,在立足中国国情的基础上,实现优势互补,综合运用;要科学应用网络调查和大数据,充分整合网络调查和大数据,创新数据搜集和分析方式,构建与时俱进的现代调查研究方法体系,并在国际调查研究方法变化的新形势下形成中国的学术范式和话语体系。

论灾害事故预防应对的调查评估问题

为了推动我国灾害事故预防应对调查评估工作的科学化与规范化发展,该文通过界定灾害事故类型,探讨了灾害事故预防应对调查评估的目的任务、工作原则、工作方法、工作组织和成果应用方面的基本问题。灾害事故被划分为灾害、事故、灾害事故(链)和事故灾害(链)四类。调查评估目的任务明确为认定事实、查找问题、分析原因并提出对策措施。在工作原则上,强调了6个方面:事实依据、法规准绳、认知判断、沟通协调、良知底线和素质保障。工作方法涵盖了现场勘查、档案查阅、访谈问询、检测试验、分析计算、模拟仿真、成因论证和性质界定等8个环节。工作组织或调查机构组成包括综合协调组、法规管理组、技术工作组和专家顾问组。成果应用范畴包括即时政策制定、法规标准制修订、管理体制改革以及工作机制完善等领域。

基于EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS模型的新疆典型自然景观评估

2021年我国启动了第三次新疆综合科学考察,为建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系、实现世界自然遗产申报与保护的目标,利用天地一体化技术进行自然景观识别,文章构建了EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS模型对新疆15类460处典型自然景观进行评价。结果表明:①相比传统的多指标评价方法,EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS模型减轻了单一赋权法的局限性,综合考虑了各项评价指标,在景观评估中具有良好的应用性;②分类别进行景观评估,地质地貌景观中Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ级占比分别为2.9%,30.5%,44.7%,21.9%;陆地生物景观中Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ级占比分别为1.7%,24.6%,40.0%,33.7%;Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ级湿地景观占比分别为12.2%,26.7%,52.2%,8.9%。研究可为新疆自然景观资源的保护、利用和管理提供重要依据和参考。

地质勘查技术在房屋建筑项目中的应用研究

研究以烟台高新区某复合型建筑项目为例,详细描述了该项目的地理位置、建筑组成、勘察方法和工作量布置,以及其地质构造和地震地质情况。在此基础上,对场地的工程地质及水文地质条件进行了分析评价,并提出了相应的岩土工程处理措施和基础方案建议。通过对该项目进行研究分析,以期为工程提供安全保障。

岩土工程勘察质量控制与评价方法研究

研究了岩土工程勘察质量控制与评价方法,在掌握主要工作流程和质量影响因素的基础上,分析了集合事前、事中、事后全过程的质量控制策略,强调了基于层次分析法的质量控制与评价,并对模糊综合评价法、人工神经网络法的实践应用进行了展望,从更多层面出发,提高岩土工程勘察质量控制与评价效果。

跨孔地震CT层析成像在岩溶物探中的应用

用跨孔地震CT层析成像技术对建筑场地的地层进行高精度的探测,获取勘察场地测试孔间的地层信息和不良地质体分布情况,从而实现对建筑场地全尺寸的地质预报。通过引入尺寸误差和区位误差参数,结合软件反演成像进一步分析,评价跨孔地震CT层析成像技术对于建筑场地地层探测效果、尺寸探测效果。结合钻孔勘察结果,将跨孔地震CT层析成像分析结果绘制成综合地质解释剖面图,可得到场地全尺寸范围内的地层情况。针对不同的探测目标,地震波的探测精度主要受探测目标体与周围环境之间地震波传播速度差异的影响决定。结果表明,将跨孔地震CT层析成像应用在岩溶物探中是可行的,结合地层信息可较清晰地了解地质情况,有利于后期的设计和施工。

平凉市2型糖尿病患者用药情况调查分析

目的调查分析平凉市2型糖尿病患者用药情况,以期提高临床用药安全性与有效性。方法选取2023年1—12月在平凉市2家三级综合医院就诊及在1家基层社区卫生服务中心、1家乡镇医院建立健康档案的2型糖尿病患者956例,调查其人口基线学资料、临床检查指标、实验室检测指标、用药方式、用药类型、治疗方案、血糖控制效果,分析不同治疗方案达标率和用药前后空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)。结果956例2型糖尿病患者主要用药方式为口服降糖药物(67.99%),其次为口服降糖药物+胰岛素注射(22.28%),第3位为胰岛素注射(9.73%);使用双胍类药物最多,之后依次为α糖苷酶抑制剂、磺脲类、胰岛素、复合制剂、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂、苯甲酸衍生物;单联用药和三联及以上用药方案的FBG达标率高于二联用药,单联用药的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)达标率高于二联用药和三联及以上用药,二联用药的HbA1c达标率高于三联及以上用药,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);用药后FBG、2 h PBG水平均低于用药前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论平凉市2型糖尿病患者多采用口服降糖药物治疗,使用双胍类药物最多,单联用药可提高HbA1C达标率,临床医师需针对2型糖尿病患者用药方式等自身特点选择敏感降糖药物治疗。

堆载预压对吹填成陆工程浅部黏性土的影响

吹填造陆已成为沿海地区解决土地匮乏的有效方法。为使吹填土迅速排水固结以缩短工期,以浙江省舟山市某项目为研究对象,采用堆载预压法对场地进行地基处理。通过对地基处理前、后的场地进行岩土工程勘察,研究吹填成陆工程浅部黏性土的变化规律。结果表明,浅部黏性土层的物理性质指标(含水量、孔隙比、饱和度、液性指数)有一定的改善,力学性质指标(压缩系数、黏聚力、内摩擦角)得到增强。

Partition method and experimental validation for impact dynamics of flexible multibody system

The impact problem of a flexible multibody system is a non-smooth, high-transient, and strong-nonlinear dynamic process with variable boundary. How to model the contact/impact process accurately and efficiently is one of the main difficulties in many engineering applications. The numerical approaches being used widely in impact analysis are mainly from two fields： multibody system dynamics （MBS） and computational solid mechanics （CSM）. Approaches based on MBS provide a more efficient yet less accurate analysis of the contact/impact problems, while approaches based on CSM are well suited for particularly high accuracy needs, yet require very high computational effort. To bridge the gap between accuracy and efficiency in the dynamic simulation of a flexible multibody system with contacts/impacts, a partition method is presented considering that the contact body is divided into two parts, an impact region and a non-impact region. The impact region is modeled using the finite element method to guarantee the local accuracy, while the non-impact region is modeled using the modal reduction approach to raise the global efficiency. A three-dimensional rod-plate impact experiment is designed and performed to validate the numerical results. The principle for how to partition the contact bodies is proposed： the maximum radius of the impact region can be estimated by an analytical method, and the modal truncation orders of the non-impact region can be estimated by the highest frequency of the signal measured. The simulation results using the presented method are in good agreement with the experimental results. It shows that this method is an effec-rive formulation considering both accuracy and efficiency. Moreover, a more complicated multibody impact problem of a crank slider mechanism is investigated to strengthen this conclusion.

Experimental Characterization of Rutting Performance of HMA Designed with Aggregate Gradations According to Superpave and Marshall Methods

The permanent deformation (rutting) of pavement is a major distress in flexible pavement. It is related to vehicles properties and/or pavement materials and conditions. This article presents an extensive experimental investigation in order to compare between the aggregate gradation according to Superpave and Marshall methods of asphalt concrete mix design on pavement rutting and to examine the sensitivity of rutting resistance to aggregate gradation. A wheel truck machine has been used for measurement of pavement rutting (permanent deformation). The tests were carried out at two controlled different air temperature 55℃ and 25℃. The results obtained showed that the adopting of aggregate gradation procedure of Superpave method of pavement mix design for Marshall method of asphalt concrete mix design can reduce the pavement rutting by about 50%. This achievement may be related to missing of three sieves in aggregate gradation procedure of Marshall method which controls rounded and finer aggregate particles. These sieves provide more continuity for aggregate gradation to ensure filling unnecessary gaps and produce more contact points between the aggregates in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). The outputs of the research support modifying Marshall method of asphalt concrete mix design by adopting aggregate gradation proposed in Superpave method. The results of study also showed that the coarser aggregate provided more resistance to pavement rutting.

Combined Geoelectrical Approach DC and IP Methods in the Identification of the Mineralized Bodies Parallel to the NE-SW Tectonic Line of Kadei River: Case of Quartz or Pegmatite Gold Bearing Veins of Ngoura Subdivision (East Cameroon)

A geophysical investigation of subsurface structures using the Syscal Junior 48 resistivity-meter was conducted in Ngoura subdivision (East Cameroon) following a combined geoelectrical direct current (DC) approach involving Resistivity and IP methods. This investigation was allowed to collect data on forty-five (45) profiling lines at three acquisition levels (AB = 100 m, MN = 10 m;AB = 200 m, MN = 20 m and AB = 500 m, MN = 50 m) and two electric panels L1 and L4, using the Schlumberger array. Processing, modeling and interpretation of data collected using the Winsev, Res2Dinv and Surfer software helped in highlighting a conductive and strongly mineralized discontinuity in granite formations, which lined up with the NE-SW Kadei tectonic line. It extends beyond 100 m depth over an average width of 600 m. The mineralization associated with this discontinuity is identified by a high concentration of disseminated metalliferous minerals in quartz or pegmatite veins. The mining reconnaissance works in the study area and those of several authors have characterized this anomaly to a lode gold quartz or large pegmatite. The results of this study correlate with geological and tectonic data for the region marked by NE-SW Kadei tectonic line. Therefore, they confirm the reliability of a geoelectrical DC investigation method combining Resistivity and IP to the identification of ore bodies.

成品油销售企业土壤和地下水环境调查分析及修复方法研究

成品油销售企业油库和加油站等仓储经营场所是土壤和地下水潜在的污染源。对油库和加油站周围的土壤和地下水污染物进行调查和检测,可为土壤和地下水环境保护提供依据。以某临水加油站土壤和地下水实际环境监测和修复为例,通过对使用过程中潜在污染源和污染物排放的分析和检测,得出该站存在土壤和地下水污染的结果。提出了土壤和地下水修复方案和日后防控建议,对做好油库和加油站等仓储经营场所环境保护工作具有一定的借鉴意义。

基于生态价值的玉田县适生植物资源实地调查与评价

为探索玉田县适生植物资源,进行实地调查,立足于植物资源的生态价值,运用生态服务价值评价与当量因子法研究不同区域的适生植物。结果表明,玉田县北部褐土丘陵地带应多种植榆树、黄栌、油松等植物;中部平原草甸地带应种植紫穗槐、栾树与侧柏等,植物与园林观赏植物交叉种植;南部脱沼泽化潮土区域应多种植油松、栾树、臭椿等植物,补充种植牡荆等观赏植物。