In the fierce market competition,how the survived 020 startups identify the pain points in the domains closely related with people’s daily life in order to look for a way out? When interviewed with China’s Foregin T...In the fierce market competition,how the survived 020 startups identify the pain points in the domains closely related with people’s daily life in order to look for a way out? When interviewed with China’s Foregin Trade,O2O companies mentioned there are always opportunities in the O2O sector,if you could find the real needs of customers.Focus the target to provide customers what they展开更多
The identification of customer needs is one of the important first⁃step works for product design.Contrary to explicit ones,the implicit customer needs are less obvious,thus relying on the designers to discover.Up till...The identification of customer needs is one of the important first⁃step works for product design.Contrary to explicit ones,the implicit customer needs are less obvious,thus relying on the designers to discover.Up till now,there still lacks a rational or systematic method on the identification of implicit customer needs.Designers have to rely on their own intuition and personal experience to do the work,hindering the product design and development further on.Therefore,it is necessary to study the implicit customer needs and their identification methods.To this end,this paper first studies the characteristics of implicit needs,and clarifies the relationship between implicit needs and explicit needs.Based on this,the concept of customer needs life cycle is put forward.After that,two methods for the identification of implicit needs are proposed,including an active approach and a passive approach.For the active approach,it is suggested to exploit the functional characteristics of the product and the products in the same series or categories,for which a direct acquisition method and an evaluation data mining method are proposed,and a treadmill design case is studied.For the passive approach,it is suggested to exploit the scenario elements of product usage,for which a scenario elements questionnaire method and a scenario adaptation problem method are proposed,and a spinning bike design case is studied.The two design cases have demonstrated the process of customer needs identification and also verified the applicability of the proposed methods.展开更多
The paper presents a design method that ensures the ingenuity of the product form as well as the whole and exact expression of user’s needs. The key idea is to establish an automatic design system which can transform...The paper presents a design method that ensures the ingenuity of the product form as well as the whole and exact expression of user’s needs. The key idea is to establish an automatic design system which can transform the user’s language needs into the product features in real-time. A rifle was taken as a research instance and soldiers were chosen as evaluation customers. The theory of fuzzy set and semantic difference are adopted to evaluate the relationship between user’s needs and product features as well as their alternatives. FAHP (fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) is utilized to judge the user’s satisfactory forms. This method can also be applied to other product form designs.展开更多
With the development of society, customers are having an increasing expectation on bus service. Problems such as bus being late all the time seem to become common. It usually annoys the customers and have a bad influe...With the development of society, customers are having an increasing expectation on bus service. Problems such as bus being late all the time seem to become common. It usually annoys the customers and have a bad influence on bus companies.It's crucial to improve the bus service. This report adapts and applies a modified SERVQUAL approach to estimate the service quality in public transport. Wessex Red servcie, bus service in England UK, operated in partnership with the University of the West of England and the University of Bristol, is evaluated in the report being representative for bus service. In this study, the author has applied the SERVQUAL questionnaire among the three groups of customers in Bristol UK based on these five dimensions of SERVQUAL:"Tangibles, Responsiveness, Assurance, Reliability and Empathy"(Parasuraman, 1988). The results illustrates a high degree of importance placed on reliability, in which bus being late is an issue most concerned. The author analyzes the problem and finally provides suggestions and recommendation for the issue. This study is to provide a quality evaluation tool readily usable by transport operators willing to certify the service offered and it also offers a tool for practioners characterized by flexibility so as to fit individual needs. In addition, this study is beneficial to students who are learning Marketing. The study provides students a methodology in their marketing research. It also gives students a tool to evaluate services so as to set up their marketing plan and could give a better horizon to understand marketing.展开更多
BACKGROUND It is very important to provide effective nursing programs to regulate the physical and mental state of patients and to improve treatment compliance after interventional surgery for coronary heart disease(C...BACKGROUND It is very important to provide effective nursing programs to regulate the physical and mental state of patients and to improve treatment compliance after interventional surgery for coronary heart disease(CHD).AIM To explore the effect of a nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory on patients with CHD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.METHODS Ninety-four patients with CHD undergoing interventional surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to February 2021 were randomly divided into a research group(n=47)and a control group(n=47).The control group received routine nursing,and the research group received a nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.The scores of self-efficacy,negative emotion[depression(SDS),anxiety(SAS)],intervention compliance(standardized medication,moderate exercise,healthy diet,and regular review),and nursing satisfaction were calculated before and after intervention for the two groups.RESULTS Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of disease general management self-efficacy,disease management self-efficacy,and total self-efficacy between the two groups(P=0.795,0.479,and 0.659,respectively).After intervention,these three scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.001).Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and SDS between the two groups(P=0.149 and 0.347,respectively).After intervention,the scores of SAS and SDS in the research group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.001).The standardized drug use rate(97.87%),moderate exercise rate(97.87%),healthy diet rate(95.74%),and regular reexamination rate(97.87%)in the research group were higher than those in the control group(85.11%,82.98%,80.85%,and 87.23%,respectively)(P=0.027,0.014,0.025,and 0.049,respectively).Nursing job satisfaction in the research group(93.62%)was higher than that in the control group(78.72%)(P=0.036).CONCLUSION A nursing program based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory can effectively alleviate negative emotion,enhance self-efficacy and intervention compliance,and ensure that the patients are highly satisfied with the nursing work.展开更多
In this paper,on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers' rationality,we make use of Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers' needs into thr...In this paper,on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers' rationality,we make use of Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers' needs into three levels in accordance with the different stages: survival needs,interpersonal harmony and social responsibility,which are the needs hierarchies for farmers to satisfy themselves. We combine Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs and farmers' rationality and confirm that farmers do have rationality and it is in a dynamic condition.展开更多
The Awakening written by Kate Chopin is published for a long time,which stirs up streams of praise for its bold content.Most researchers make analysis on this novel from different perspectives including postmodernism,...The Awakening written by Kate Chopin is published for a long time,which stirs up streams of praise for its bold content.Most researchers make analysis on this novel from different perspectives including postmodernism,deconstruction,feminism,binary opposition,and so on.Based on the“Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”,this paper lays emphasis on the transition of protagonist Edna from suffering the traditional shackle to pursuing the self-independent.This paper aims to help readers realize an awakening process of Edna and appeals for more concern on the transformation of females’roles.展开更多
Click-streams of online shopping are the tracks/trails of interactions between a customer and a vendor.We observe that it is of great importance both in theory and practice to explore a deep analysis method for analyz...Click-streams of online shopping are the tracks/trails of interactions between a customer and a vendor.We observe that it is of great importance both in theory and practice to explore a deep analysis method for analyzing click-stream information of an individual customer in a specific transaction for understanding the bidirectional value transfer within the machine-human interaction of an online store and for its personalization.We analyze the significance,the hierarchical structure and the characteristics of click-stream information and propose that Ricoeur's hermeneutic theory be the foundation of forming such a deep analysis method.Then we use the empirical context information of the click-stream to improve the naive interpretation put forward by Ricoeur.Moreover,we apply the Grounded Theory to extend the deep analysis of Ricoeur's theory of textual interpretation.The improved theory fits well with the needs of interpretation and the analysis of click-stream information.We exemplify and show the feasibility of this analysis method by using data collected(a single case)from a large study of human-computer interaction.展开更多
Mr. Li Lanqing, Vice Premier of the State Council, expounded on China’s economy heading towards the 21st century,at the 32nd ICC World Congress. He said: China is greeting the 19th year of its reform and opening to t...Mr. Li Lanqing, Vice Premier of the State Council, expounded on China’s economy heading towards the 21st century,at the 32nd ICC World Congress. He said: China is greeting the 19th year of its reform and opening to the outside world. In the past 18 years, especially in the 1990s,China’s economy, as an integral part of the world economy, has assumed three interrelated new features, under the circumstances of speeding up the development, deepening the reform, and expanding the opening. 1. Lasting trend for sustained and rapid economic growth. China has 1.2 billion people with everrising income and consumption levels and huge market demand, and the Chinese people have the habit of saving. So there are large amounts of bank deposits to展开更多
To stay competitive, the mobile telecommunication companies spend millions of Ghana cedi each year on building long-term relationships with their customers. Marketing managers are constantly challenged with the proble...To stay competitive, the mobile telecommunication companies spend millions of Ghana cedi each year on building long-term relationships with their customers. Marketing managers are constantly challenged with the problem of where to channel the limited resources in order to retain existing customers. This study approaches the customer retention problem in the mobile phone sector from a behavioural perspective, applying the Behavioural Perspective Model as the main analytical framework and further exploits some other factors that influence customer retention. The model includes a set of pre-behaviour and post-behaviour factors to study consumer choice, and explains its relevant drivers in a viable and comprehensive way, grounded in radical behaviourism. Data for the analysis were collected from tertiary students from Accra and Takoradi. Data collected were analysed using the multinomial regression technique. Analysis of the data revealed that the Behaviour setting factor is the only significant element in Behaviour Perspective Model. Further exploitation of behaviour situation revealed that the number of networks a customer uses, previous experience of a customer and customer’s intention are significant factors in determining customer retention in Ghana’s mobile telecommunication industry.展开更多
Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,this paper discusses the concern and description of human physiological needs,love and belonging needs,esteem and self-actualization needs in Sun Menglei’s fictions,then it expla...Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,this paper discusses the concern and description of human physiological needs,love and belonging needs,esteem and self-actualization needs in Sun Menglei’s fictions,then it explains Sun Menglei’s deep-seated concern and exploration of human’s spiritual world and emotional world.展开更多
Since the publication of Sister Carrie,there has been a tense discussion on the desire of the Carrie.Many critics focus on the conspicuous desire that drives Carrie to be a social climber.Indeed,desire is the driving ...Since the publication of Sister Carrie,there has been a tense discussion on the desire of the Carrie.Many critics focus on the conspicuous desire that drives Carrie to be a social climber.Indeed,desire is the driving force for Carrie.But we can’t generalize all her longings as desire or use"desire"to describe Carrie’s different needs at different life stage.Here,the author attempts to analyze Carrie’s desire in detail and form a better understanding of her desire by using Maslow’s Needs-Hierarchy Theory.展开更多
Due to the defects of current aircraft product configuration technology, such as the gap between product design and cus- tomers' requirements, the low configuration efficiency and etc. a customer-oriented product con...Due to the defects of current aircraft product configuration technology, such as the gap between product design and cus- tomers' requirements, the low configuration efficiency and etc. a customer-oriented product configuration solution of aircraft was proposed in this paper. Basing on a deep investigation into the market and the structure of the aircraft, this paper proposed a method of dividing and creating the aircraft options, in which we set up optional constraints to meet the demand of configuration and then optimized the constraint algorithm. This work can help to realize the optimum association between the aircraft options and modules. Basing on a research on customer demand, The paper established a customer demand model and a mapping relationship which exists between customer demand and aircraft options, It can also help to make a great contribution to build customer personalized demand of the aircraft configuration orocess and the aircraft confimiration library.展开更多
MEMPHIS-A National Cotton Council delegation traveling to Beijing on June 19-30 will make a number of visits with key Chinese officials to:1)provide updates on the U.S. cotton industry’s efforts to improve its cotton...MEMPHIS-A National Cotton Council delegation traveling to Beijing on June 19-30 will make a number of visits with key Chinese officials to:1)provide updates on the U.S. cotton industry’s efforts to improve its cotton quality and 2) ascertain its Chinese textile customers’needs.展开更多
We have a scarcity of health care professionals in the rural areas and therefore we can offer medical services from a distance to the underserved rural population.
文摘In the fierce market competition,how the survived 020 startups identify the pain points in the domains closely related with people’s daily life in order to look for a way out? When interviewed with China’s Foregin Trade,O2O companies mentioned there are always opportunities in the O2O sector,if you could find the real needs of customers.Focus the target to provide customers what they
文摘The identification of customer needs is one of the important first⁃step works for product design.Contrary to explicit ones,the implicit customer needs are less obvious,thus relying on the designers to discover.Up till now,there still lacks a rational or systematic method on the identification of implicit customer needs.Designers have to rely on their own intuition and personal experience to do the work,hindering the product design and development further on.Therefore,it is necessary to study the implicit customer needs and their identification methods.To this end,this paper first studies the characteristics of implicit needs,and clarifies the relationship between implicit needs and explicit needs.Based on this,the concept of customer needs life cycle is put forward.After that,two methods for the identification of implicit needs are proposed,including an active approach and a passive approach.For the active approach,it is suggested to exploit the functional characteristics of the product and the products in the same series or categories,for which a direct acquisition method and an evaluation data mining method are proposed,and a treadmill design case is studied.For the passive approach,it is suggested to exploit the scenario elements of product usage,for which a scenario elements questionnaire method and a scenario adaptation problem method are proposed,and a spinning bike design case is studied.The two design cases have demonstrated the process of customer needs identification and also verified the applicability of the proposed methods.
文摘The paper presents a design method that ensures the ingenuity of the product form as well as the whole and exact expression of user’s needs. The key idea is to establish an automatic design system which can transform the user’s language needs into the product features in real-time. A rifle was taken as a research instance and soldiers were chosen as evaluation customers. The theory of fuzzy set and semantic difference are adopted to evaluate the relationship between user’s needs and product features as well as their alternatives. FAHP (fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) is utilized to judge the user’s satisfactory forms. This method can also be applied to other product form designs.
文摘With the development of society, customers are having an increasing expectation on bus service. Problems such as bus being late all the time seem to become common. It usually annoys the customers and have a bad influence on bus companies.It's crucial to improve the bus service. This report adapts and applies a modified SERVQUAL approach to estimate the service quality in public transport. Wessex Red servcie, bus service in England UK, operated in partnership with the University of the West of England and the University of Bristol, is evaluated in the report being representative for bus service. In this study, the author has applied the SERVQUAL questionnaire among the three groups of customers in Bristol UK based on these five dimensions of SERVQUAL:"Tangibles, Responsiveness, Assurance, Reliability and Empathy"(Parasuraman, 1988). The results illustrates a high degree of importance placed on reliability, in which bus being late is an issue most concerned. The author analyzes the problem and finally provides suggestions and recommendation for the issue. This study is to provide a quality evaluation tool readily usable by transport operators willing to certify the service offered and it also offers a tool for practioners characterized by flexibility so as to fit individual needs. In addition, this study is beneficial to students who are learning Marketing. The study provides students a methodology in their marketing research. It also gives students a tool to evaluate services so as to set up their marketing plan and could give a better horizon to understand marketing.
文摘BACKGROUND It is very important to provide effective nursing programs to regulate the physical and mental state of patients and to improve treatment compliance after interventional surgery for coronary heart disease(CHD).AIM To explore the effect of a nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory on patients with CHD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.METHODS Ninety-four patients with CHD undergoing interventional surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to February 2021 were randomly divided into a research group(n=47)and a control group(n=47).The control group received routine nursing,and the research group received a nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.The scores of self-efficacy,negative emotion[depression(SDS),anxiety(SAS)],intervention compliance(standardized medication,moderate exercise,healthy diet,and regular review),and nursing satisfaction were calculated before and after intervention for the two groups.RESULTS Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of disease general management self-efficacy,disease management self-efficacy,and total self-efficacy between the two groups(P=0.795,0.479,and 0.659,respectively).After intervention,these three scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.001).Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and SDS between the two groups(P=0.149 and 0.347,respectively).After intervention,the scores of SAS and SDS in the research group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.001).The standardized drug use rate(97.87%),moderate exercise rate(97.87%),healthy diet rate(95.74%),and regular reexamination rate(97.87%)in the research group were higher than those in the control group(85.11%,82.98%,80.85%,and 87.23%,respectively)(P=0.027,0.014,0.025,and 0.049,respectively).Nursing job satisfaction in the research group(93.62%)was higher than that in the control group(78.72%)(P=0.036).CONCLUSION A nursing program based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory can effectively alleviate negative emotion,enhance self-efficacy and intervention compliance,and ensure that the patients are highly satisfied with the nursing work.
文摘In this paper,on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers' rationality,we make use of Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers' needs into three levels in accordance with the different stages: survival needs,interpersonal harmony and social responsibility,which are the needs hierarchies for farmers to satisfy themselves. We combine Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs and farmers' rationality and confirm that farmers do have rationality and it is in a dynamic condition.
文摘The Awakening written by Kate Chopin is published for a long time,which stirs up streams of praise for its bold content.Most researchers make analysis on this novel from different perspectives including postmodernism,deconstruction,feminism,binary opposition,and so on.Based on the“Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs”,this paper lays emphasis on the transition of protagonist Edna from suffering the traditional shackle to pursuing the self-independent.This paper aims to help readers realize an awakening process of Edna and appeals for more concern on the transformation of females’roles.
文摘Click-streams of online shopping are the tracks/trails of interactions between a customer and a vendor.We observe that it is of great importance both in theory and practice to explore a deep analysis method for analyzing click-stream information of an individual customer in a specific transaction for understanding the bidirectional value transfer within the machine-human interaction of an online store and for its personalization.We analyze the significance,the hierarchical structure and the characteristics of click-stream information and propose that Ricoeur's hermeneutic theory be the foundation of forming such a deep analysis method.Then we use the empirical context information of the click-stream to improve the naive interpretation put forward by Ricoeur.Moreover,we apply the Grounded Theory to extend the deep analysis of Ricoeur's theory of textual interpretation.The improved theory fits well with the needs of interpretation and the analysis of click-stream information.We exemplify and show the feasibility of this analysis method by using data collected(a single case)from a large study of human-computer interaction.
文摘Mr. Li Lanqing, Vice Premier of the State Council, expounded on China’s economy heading towards the 21st century,at the 32nd ICC World Congress. He said: China is greeting the 19th year of its reform and opening to the outside world. In the past 18 years, especially in the 1990s,China’s economy, as an integral part of the world economy, has assumed three interrelated new features, under the circumstances of speeding up the development, deepening the reform, and expanding the opening. 1. Lasting trend for sustained and rapid economic growth. China has 1.2 billion people with everrising income and consumption levels and huge market demand, and the Chinese people have the habit of saving. So there are large amounts of bank deposits to
文摘To stay competitive, the mobile telecommunication companies spend millions of Ghana cedi each year on building long-term relationships with their customers. Marketing managers are constantly challenged with the problem of where to channel the limited resources in order to retain existing customers. This study approaches the customer retention problem in the mobile phone sector from a behavioural perspective, applying the Behavioural Perspective Model as the main analytical framework and further exploits some other factors that influence customer retention. The model includes a set of pre-behaviour and post-behaviour factors to study consumer choice, and explains its relevant drivers in a viable and comprehensive way, grounded in radical behaviourism. Data for the analysis were collected from tertiary students from Accra and Takoradi. Data collected were analysed using the multinomial regression technique. Analysis of the data revealed that the Behaviour setting factor is the only significant element in Behaviour Perspective Model. Further exploitation of behaviour situation revealed that the number of networks a customer uses, previous experience of a customer and customer’s intention are significant factors in determining customer retention in Ghana’s mobile telecommunication industry.
文摘Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,this paper discusses the concern and description of human physiological needs,love and belonging needs,esteem and self-actualization needs in Sun Menglei’s fictions,then it explains Sun Menglei’s deep-seated concern and exploration of human’s spiritual world and emotional world.
文摘Since the publication of Sister Carrie,there has been a tense discussion on the desire of the Carrie.Many critics focus on the conspicuous desire that drives Carrie to be a social climber.Indeed,desire is the driving force for Carrie.But we can’t generalize all her longings as desire or use"desire"to describe Carrie’s different needs at different life stage.Here,the author attempts to analyze Carrie’s desire in detail and form a better understanding of her desire by using Maslow’s Needs-Hierarchy Theory.
基金Supported by China's 863 Programs-"Key Technologies of i-Plane for Large Aircraft Development"(No.2009AA043306)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Due to the defects of current aircraft product configuration technology, such as the gap between product design and cus- tomers' requirements, the low configuration efficiency and etc. a customer-oriented product configuration solution of aircraft was proposed in this paper. Basing on a deep investigation into the market and the structure of the aircraft, this paper proposed a method of dividing and creating the aircraft options, in which we set up optional constraints to meet the demand of configuration and then optimized the constraint algorithm. This work can help to realize the optimum association between the aircraft options and modules. Basing on a research on customer demand, The paper established a customer demand model and a mapping relationship which exists between customer demand and aircraft options, It can also help to make a great contribution to build customer personalized demand of the aircraft configuration orocess and the aircraft confimiration library.
文摘MEMPHIS-A National Cotton Council delegation traveling to Beijing on June 19-30 will make a number of visits with key Chinese officials to:1)provide updates on the U.S. cotton industry’s efforts to improve its cotton quality and 2) ascertain its Chinese textile customers’needs.
文摘We have a scarcity of health care professionals in the rural areas and therefore we can offer medical services from a distance to the underserved rural population.