In the course of creating immense wealth, manufacturing industry has excessively consumed the resources and energy in the earth, and seriously polluted the environment. To take progress as the sustainable development ...In the course of creating immense wealth, manufacturing industry has excessively consumed the resources and energy in the earth, and seriously polluted the environment. To take progress as the sustainable development way, save resource and improve environment, our nation has been advocating to construct the cycle economy and saving-oriented society. Taking the remanufacturing engineering as the representative, the “4R” rule (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remanufacture) is the important measure to get the goal. Remanufacturing engineering is the industrialization of high-tech maintenance of the waste and worn productions, and is one of the most active factors in “4R”. The development of high and new technology takes the important effect to promote the remanufacturing engineering.展开更多
The evaluation system of R＆D project beforehand, in the course and afterwards embodies the principle and standard of the cycle economy, which can not only avoid the negative effects caused, by the utilization of the ...The evaluation system of R＆D project beforehand, in the course and afterwards embodies the principle and standard of the cycle economy, which can not only avoid the negative effects caused, by the utilization of the achievements of R＆D project in the industry but also point out the direction and criterion of R＆D activities for the enterprises, which also provides the ＂model＂ that can be used for reference for maintaining the durable competitiveness of the enterprises.展开更多
Objectives:Cycling economy is associated with muscle strength in athletes.However,the relationship between strength capacity(i.e.maximal and explosive strength)and cycling economy in previously untrained but healthy i...Objectives:Cycling economy is associated with muscle strength in athletes.However,the relationship between strength capacity(i.e.maximal and explosive strength)and cycling economy in previously untrained but healthy individuals remains unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to assess the associations between cycling economy and strength performance in a population of recreationally active but untrained healthy individuals.Methods:A total of 155 recreationally active individuals(95 males and 60 females)were included.Strength capacity was assessed through an incremental one-repetition maximum test,from which the one-repetition maximum,mean propulsive velocity,and mean propulsive power were derived as strength indices.Cycling economy was assessed using a step protocol on a cycle ergometer and gross oxygen cost and caloric unit cost were determined at submaximal intensities.Results:Marginal R^(2) ranged between 0.013 and 0.062 for the gross oxygen cost and between 0.022 and 0.103 for the gross caloric unit cost,respectively.Greater cycling economy is related to higher strength levels.However,the relationship is relatively weak,explaining only 1.3–6.2%of the variance in gross oxygen cost and 2.2–10.3%of the variance in gross caloric unit cost.Conclusions:Greater cycling economy in recreationally active males and females is related to higher strength levels(i.e.one-repetition maximum,mean propulsive velocity,mean propulsive power).展开更多
文摘In the course of creating immense wealth, manufacturing industry has excessively consumed the resources and energy in the earth, and seriously polluted the environment. To take progress as the sustainable development way, save resource and improve environment, our nation has been advocating to construct the cycle economy and saving-oriented society. Taking the remanufacturing engineering as the representative, the “4R” rule (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remanufacture) is the important measure to get the goal. Remanufacturing engineering is the industrialization of high-tech maintenance of the waste and worn productions, and is one of the most active factors in “4R”. The development of high and new technology takes the important effect to promote the remanufacturing engineering.
文摘The evaluation system of R＆D project beforehand, in the course and afterwards embodies the principle and standard of the cycle economy, which can not only avoid the negative effects caused, by the utilization of the achievements of R＆D project in the industry but also point out the direction and criterion of R＆D activities for the enterprises, which also provides the ＂model＂ that can be used for reference for maintaining the durable competitiveness of the enterprises.
文摘Objectives:Cycling economy is associated with muscle strength in athletes.However,the relationship between strength capacity(i.e.maximal and explosive strength)and cycling economy in previously untrained but healthy individuals remains unclear.Therefore,this study aimed to assess the associations between cycling economy and strength performance in a population of recreationally active but untrained healthy individuals.Methods:A total of 155 recreationally active individuals(95 males and 60 females)were included.Strength capacity was assessed through an incremental one-repetition maximum test,from which the one-repetition maximum,mean propulsive velocity,and mean propulsive power were derived as strength indices.Cycling economy was assessed using a step protocol on a cycle ergometer and gross oxygen cost and caloric unit cost were determined at submaximal intensities.Results:Marginal R^(2) ranged between 0.013 and 0.062 for the gross oxygen cost and between 0.022 and 0.103 for the gross caloric unit cost,respectively.Greater cycling economy is related to higher strength levels.However,the relationship is relatively weak,explaining only 1.3–6.2%of the variance in gross oxygen cost and 2.2–10.3%of the variance in gross caloric unit cost.Conclusions:Greater cycling economy in recreationally active males and females is related to higher strength levels(i.e.one-repetition maximum,mean propulsive velocity,mean propulsive power).
