Associations of genome-wide structural variations with phenotypic differences in cross-bred Eurasian pigs

Background During approximately 10,000 years of domestication and selection,a large number of structural variations(SVs)have emerged in the genome of pig breeds,profoundly influencing their phenotypes and the ability to adapt to the local environment.SVs(≥50 bp)are widely distributed in the genome,mainly in the form of insertion(INS),mobile element insertion(MEI),deletion(DEL),duplication(DUP),inversion(INV),and translocation(TRA).While studies have investigated the SVs in pig genomes,genome-wide association studies(GWAS)-based on SVs have been rarely conducted.Results Here,we obtained a high-quality SV map containing 123,151 SVs from 15 Large White and 15 Min pigs through integrating the power of several SV tools,with 53.95%of the SVs being reported for the first time.These high-quality SVs were used to recover the population genetic structure,confirming the accuracy of genotyping.Potential functional SV loci were then identified based on positional effects and breed stratification.Finally,GWAS were performed for 36 traits by genotyping the screened potential causal loci in the F2 population according to their corresponding genomic positions.We identified a large number of loci involved in 8 carcass traits and 6 skeletal traits on chromosome 7,with FKBP5 containing the most significant SV locus for almost all traits.In addition,we found several significant loci in intramuscular fat,abdominal circumference,heart weight,and liver weight,etc.Conclusions We constructed a high-quality SV map using high-coverage sequencing data and then analyzed them by performing GWAS for 25 carcass traits,7 skeletal traits,and 4 meat quality traits to determine that SVs may affect body size between European and Chinese pig breeds.

Insights into genetic diversity and phenotypic variations in domestic geese through comprehensive population and pan-genome analysis

Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic traits.Constructing a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic variability.Results To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq samples.By constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose genomes.Furthermore,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among geese.Genome-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition traits.For instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique length.Notably,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the“hair follicle maturation”Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with“regulation of heart contraction”in domesticated geese compared to their wild counterparts.Our study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple organs and tissues in geese and analyzing population variation.Conclusion This accomplishment originates from the discernment of a multitude of selection signals and candidate genes associated with a wide array of traits,thereby markedly enhancing our understanding of the processes underlying domestication and breeding in geese.Moreover,assembling the pan-genome for geese has yielded a comprehensive apprehension of the goose genome,establishing it as an indispensable asset poised to offer innovative viewpoints and make substantial contributions to future geese breeding initiatives.

Variations in evaporation from water surfaces along the margins of the Badain Jaran Desert over nearly 60 years and influencing factors

Based on meteorological data collected over nearly 60 years(1960-2017)from four national meteorological stations along the margins of the Badain Jaran Desert,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in evaporation from water surfaces and identified the dominant controlling factors.Methods used included linear trend analysis,linear tendency estimation,the departure method,the rank correlation coefficient-based method,and Multiple Linear Regression(MLR).Results indicate notable spatiotemporal differences in evaporation distribution and evolution.Spatially,average annual evaporation exhibited a pronounced altitude effect,decreasing at a rate of about 8.23 mm/m from east to west with increasing altitude.Temporally,annual evaporation showed significant upward trends after 1996 at the northeastern(Guaizi Lake)and western(Dingxin)margins,with rates of 132 mm/10a and 105 mm/10a,respectively.Conversely,along the northwestern(Ejina Banner)and southern(Alxa Right Banner)margins of the desert,an evaporation paradox was observed,with annual evaporation trending downward at rates of 162 mm/10a and 187 mm/10a,respectively,especially after 1987.The dominant factors controlling evaporation varied spatially:Average annual temperature and relative humidity influended the western margin(Dingxin),average annual temperature was the key factor for the northeastern margin(Guaizi Lake),and average wind speed was crucial for the northern(Ejina Banner)and southern(Alxa Right Banner)margins.

Structural variations in oil crops:Types,and roles on domestication and breeding

Structural variations(SVs),a newly discovered genetic variation,have gained increasing recognition for their importance,yet much about them remains unknown.With the completion of whole-genome sequencing projects in oil crops,more SVs have been identified,revealing their types,genomic distribution,and characteristics.These findings have demonstrated the crucial roles of SVs in regulating gene expression,driving trait innovation,facilitating domestication,making this an opportune time for a systematic review.We summarized the progress of SV-related studies in oil crops,focusing on the types of SVs and their mechanisms of occurrence,the strategies and methods for SV detection,and the SVs identified in oil crops such as rapeseed,soybean,peanut,and sesame.The various types of SVs,such as presence-absence variations(PAVs),copy number variations(CNVs),and homeologous exchanges(HEs),have been shown.Along with their genomic characterization,their roles in crop domestication and breeding,and regulatory impact on gene expression and agronomic traits have also been demonstrated.This review will provide an overview of the SV research process in oil crops,enabling researchers to quickly understand key information and apply this knowledge in future studies and crop breeding.

Radio-Anatomical Variations of Both Origin and Foraminal Entrance of Vertebral Arteries in Black African Human: Experience from Côte d’Ivoire

The vertebral arteries (VAs) are a system of two blood vessels through which blood is transported to the posterior cerebral fossa. VAs may emerge at different sides from the aortic ostium. The aim of our study was to establish a reference of radio-anatomical variations of the VAs in black African human from Côte d’Ivoire experience. Materials and Methods: Forty patients underwent Computed Angio-Tomography (CAT) of the supra-aortic vessels (SAoVs). Included in our study were patients who underwent CAT of the SAoV from January 2019 to December 2021, those excluded in our study as Caucasians and other leucoderma humans. This exclusion allowed for highlighting only black humans VAs variations. The variations of both origins and foraminal entrance of VA were assessed. We carried out a model of univariate regression for assessing the occurrence of VA variations related to demographic included mainly age, gender and clinical features. Results: The average age was 48 ± 12 years with 0.66 of sex ratio. The most frequent indication for carrying out CAT was brain ischemic stroke assessment (25%). The atypical origin of the VAs out of subclavian arteries (SCA) was 25%. Origin from the aortic arch (AoA) was 17.5%. Six (15%) were unilateral while one (2.5%) was bilateral variation from a common trunk as pattern. Bilateral sixth cervical foramina inlet was 85%. Female sex and ischemic stroke assessment had a statistically significant correlation. Conclusion: VAs variations studies in black African human are lacking in the literature. Our findings depicted a considerable amount of VAs variations opening the field for further observational studies in black African human.

Model-based risk assessment on dynamic control of twin-column continuous capture under feedstock variations

Dynamic control is essential to guarantee the stable performance of continuous chromatography.AutoMAb dynamic control strategy has been developed to ensure a consistent protein load in twincolumn CaptureSMB continuous capture by integrating the UV signal of breakthrough.In this study,the process risk of CaptureSMB continuous capture under AutoMAb control towards the feedstock variations was assessed by a mechanistic model developed by us.The effects of target protein and impurities under the variation range of±10 mAU·min^(-1) on load amount,protein loss,process productivity,and resin capacity utilization were investigated.The results showed that the CaptureSMB process could be successfully controlled by AutoMAb towards increased or slightly decreased concentration of feedstock.However,the load process would be out of control with drastically decreased target protein or impurities,and the decreased impurities would lead to protein loss.It was found that AutoMAb control would cause 44.7%non-operational areas and 18.3%protein loss areas in the variation range of±10 mAU·min^(-1).To improve the stability of the CaptureSMB process,a modified AutoMAb control that would stop the load procedure when the absolute value of the integral area reached the preset value,was proposed to reduce the risk of protein loss and the non-operational area.

Inter-annual variations of dissolved oxygen and hypoxia off the northern Changjiang River(Yangtze River) Estuary in summer from 1997 to 2014

Hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary has been the subject of much attention,yet systematic observations have been lacking,resulting in a lack of knowledge regarding its long-term change and drivers.By revisiting the repeated surveys of dissolved oxygen(DO) and other relevant hydrographic parameters along the section from the Changjiang River Estuary to the Jeju-do in the summer from 1997 to 2014,rather different trends were revealed for the dual low-DO cores.The nearshore low-DO core,located close to the river mouth and relatively stable,shows that hypoxia has become more severe with the lowest DO descen ding at a rate of -0.07 mg/(L·a) and the thickness of low-DO zone rising at a rate of 0.43 m/a.The offshore core,centered around 40-m isobath but moving back and forth between 123.5°-125°E,shows large fluctuations in the minimum DO concentration,with the thickness of low-DO zone falling at a rate of -1.55 m/a.The probable factors affecting the minimum DO concentration in the two regions also vary.In the nearshore region,the decreasing minimum DO is driven by the increase in both stratification and primary productivity,with the enhanced extension of the Changjiang River Diluted Water(CDW) strengthening stratification.In the offshore region,the fluctuating trend of the minimum DO concentration indicates that both DO loss and DO supplement are distinct.The DO loss is primarily attributed to bottom apparent oxygen utilization caused by the organic matter decay and is also relevant to the advection of low-DO water from the nearshore region.The DO supplement is primarily due to weakened stratification.Our analysis also shows that the minimum DO concentration in the nearshore region was extremely low in 1998,2003,2007 and 2010,related to El Ni?o signal in these summers.

Mechanisms for the evolution of cell-to-cell variations and their impacts on fast-charging performance within a lithium-ion battery pack

Cell-to-cell variations(CtCV) compromise the electrochemical performance of battery packs, yet the evolutional mechanism and quantitative impacts of CtCV on the pack's fast-charging performance remain unexplored. This knowledge gap is vital for the proliferation of electric vehicles. This study underlies the relationship between CtCV and charging performance by assessing the pack's charge speed, final electric quantity, and temperature consistency. Cell variations and pack status are depicted using 2D parameter diagrams, and an m PnS configured pack model is built upon a decomposed electrode cell model.Variations in three single electric parameters, i.e., capacity(Q), electric quantity(E), and internal resistance(R), and their dual interactions, i.e., E-Q and R-Q, are analyzed carefully. The results indicate that Q variations predominantly affect the final electric quantity of the pack, while R variations impact the charge speed most. With incremental variances in cell parameters, the pack's fast-charging capability first declines linearly and then deteriorates sharply as variations intensify. This research elucidates the correlations between pack charging capabilities and cell variations, providing essential insights for optimizing cell sorting and assembly, battery management design, and charging protocol development for battery packs.

Spatiotemporal variations,influencing factors,and configurational promotion paths of energy efficiency in China’s cities

The promotion of energy efficiency(EE)helps address energy constraints and promote environmental sustainability.This study comprehensively explores the spatiotemporal variations,influencing factors,and configuration promotion paths of EE in 284 Chinese cities during 2003‒2019 using the global super-efficiency minimum distance to strong efficient frontier(G-S-MinDS),exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA),multiscale geographically weighted regression(MGWR),and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)methods.The findings are:①China’s cities have an annual average EE of 0.658 with a growth rate of 0.53%,showing considerable promotion potential.②Industrial structure optimization,population agglomeration,economic development,and increased green coverage contribute positively,while government intervention and openness hinder China’s urban EE.③Four configurational promotion paths for enhancing China’s urban EE are identified,where among those paths population density is a core condition,while government intervention is not.This study provides valuable insights into substantially improving urban EE,emphasizing the need for targeted policies to address energy and environmental crises in China.

High Prevalence of Anatomical Variations and Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries Detected by CT Angiography in Symptomatic Patients

Objective:Coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies are an important topic due to their potential clinical manifestations.This study aims to investigate the prevalence of coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients with coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA).Methods:This is a retrospective study that included all symptomatic patients who had CCTA in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during a period of seven years.Results:The total number of included patients was 507(60%males)with a mean age of 57.4 years.Approximately 41%had luminal stenoses,averaging 49.7%.The total num-ber of patients with coronary anatomical variations(CAV)and coronary artery anomalies(CAA)was 217(43%).CAV prevalence was 26%,which included 14%non-right coronary dominance,5%short left main coronary artery(LMCA),and 7%division variations(trifurcation and quadrifurcarion)of the LMCA.The prevalence of CAA was 29%,which included 5%origin anomalies,22%myocardial bridge,and 2%course anomalies.Conclusions:A high prevalence of coronary artery anatomic variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients is reported in this study.Systematic reviews,meta-analyses,reporting guidelines,and unified definitions and classifications of cor-onary variations and anomalies are lacking in the literature,presenting potential opportunities for future research and publications.

Dynamic Response Analysis of A Floating Photovoltaic System with Different Mooring Arrangements in An Area with Large Tidal Variations

To address the mooring issues of floating photovoltaic systems in areas with large tidal variations,three mooring schemes were designed and compared in this paper:anchor chain,anchor chain with added weights,and anchor chain with Superflex.The model was established via the numerical simulation tool Orcaflex,which considers the combined effects of wind,waves,and currents.A time-domain coupled dynamic analysis was conducted on the performance of the three mooring schemes under various tidal conditions to determine the mooring cable tension and platform motion response.Furthermore,the mooring system with an anchor chain and Superflex was optimized,with a focus on analyzing the effects of the Superflex length,the diameter of the anchor chains,and the mooring radius.The mooring system with the anchor chain and Superflex exhibits more controllable and stable mooring performance in areas with large tidal variations,so that it more effectively maintains the required mooring tension level.These findings not only provide a reference for the feasibility and optimization design of photovoltaic systems in areas with large tidal variations but also offer valuable experience for the sustainable application of clean energy under specific environmental conditions.

Temporal and spatial variations hydrochemical components and driving factors in Baiyangdian Lake in the Northern Plain of China

Understanding the temporal and spatial variation of hydrochemical components in large freshwater lakes is crucial for effective management and conversation.In this study,we identify the temporalspatial characteristics and driving factors of the hydrochemical components in Baiyangdian Lake using geochemical methods(Gibbs diagram,Piper diagram and End-element diagram of ion ratio)and multivariate statistical techniques(Principal component analysis and Correlation analysis).16 sets of samples were collected from Baiyangdian Lake in May(normal season),July(flood season),and December(dry season)of 2022.Results indicate significant spatial variation in Nat,ci,SO and NO,,suggesting a strong influence of human activities.Cation concentrations exhibit greater seasonal variation in the dry season compared to the flood season,while the concentrations of the four anions show inconsistent seasonal changes due to the combined effects of river water chemical composition and human activities.The hydrochemical type of Baiyangdian Lake is primarily HCO,Cl-Na.Ca,Mg*and HCO,originate mainly from silicate and carbonate rock dissolution,while Kt,Nat and CI originate mainly from sewage and salt dissolution in sediments.SO42 may mainly stem from industrial wastewater,while NO,primarily originates from animal feces and domestic sewage.Through the use of Principal Component Analysis,it is identified that water-rock interaction(silicate and carbonate rocks dissolution,and dissolution of salt in sediments),carbonate sedimentation,sewage,agricultural fertilizer and manure,and nitrification are the main driving factors of the variation of hydrochemical components of Baiyangdian Lake across three hydrological seasons.These findings suggest the need for effective control of substandard domestic sewage discharge,optimization of agricultural fertilization strategies,and proper management of animal manure to comprehensively improve the water environment in Baiyangdian Lake.

Spatiotemporal variations of parameters of internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea

The dynamic parameters for internal solitary waves(ISWs)derived from the extended Korteweg-de Vries(eKdV)equation play an important role in the understanding and prediction of ISWs.The spatiotemporal variations of the dynamic parameters of the ISWs in the northern South China Sea(SCS)were studied based on the reanalysis of long-term temperature and salinity datasets.The results for spectrum analysis show that there are definite geographical differences for the periodic variation of the parameters:in shallow water,all parameters vary with a wave period of one year,while in deep water wave components of the parameters at other frequencies exist.Using wavelet analysis,the wavelet power spectral densities in deep water exhibited an inter-annual variation pattern.For example,the wave component of the dispersion coefficient with a wave period of about half a year reached its power peak once every two years.Based on previous work,this inter-annual variation pattern was deduced to be caused by dynamic processes.In further work on the regulatory mechanisms,empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition was performed.It was found that the modes of the dispersion coefficient have different geographical distributions,explaining the reason why the wave components in different frequencies appeared in different locations.The numerical simulation results confirm that the variations in the parameters of the ISWs derived from the eKdV equation could affect the waveforms significantly because of changes in the polarity of the ISWs.Therefore,the periodic variations of the dynamic parameters are related to the geographical location because of dynamic processes operating.

Relationship Between Gene-Phenotype and Clinical Manifestations of Chromosomal Copy Number Variations Indicated by Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)in detecting chromosomal copy number variations(CNVs)and to explore the relationship between gene expression and clinical manifestations of chromosomal copy number variations.Methods:3551 naturally conceived singleton pregnant women who underwent NIPT were included in this study.The NIPT revealed abnormalities other than sex chromosome abnormalities and trisomy 13,18,and 21.Pregnant women with chromosome copy number variations underwent genetic counseling and prenatal ultrasound examination.Interventional prenatal diagnosis and chromosome microarray analysis(CMA)were performed.The clinical phenotypes and pregnancy outcomes of different prenatal diagnoses were analyzed.Additionally,a follow-up was conducted by telephone to track fetal development after birth,at six months,and one year post-birth.Results:A total of 53 cases among 3551 cases showed chromosomal copy number variation.Interventional prenatal diagnosis was performed in 36 cases:27 cases were negative and 8 were consistent with the NIPT test results.This indicates that NIPT’s positive predictive value(PPV)in CNVs is 22.22%.Conclusion:NIPT has certain clinical significance in screening chromosome copy number variations and is expected to become a routine screening for chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications.However,further interventional prenatal diagnosis is still needed to identify fetal CNVs.

Role of variation coefficient of stone density in determining success of shock wave lithotripsy in urinary calculi

BACKGROUND Various stone factors can affect the net results of shock wave lithotripsy(SWL).Recently a new factor called variation coefficient of stone density(VCSD)is being considered to have an impact on stone free rates.AIM To assess the role of VCSD in determining success of SWL in urinary calculi.METHODS Charts review was utilized for collection of data variables.The patients were subjected to SWL,using an electromagnetic lithotripter.Mean stone density(MSD),stone heterogeneity index(SHI),and VCSD were calculated by generating regions of interest on computed tomography(CT)images.Role of these factors were determined by applying the relevant statistical tests for continuous and categorical variables and a P value of<0.05 was gauged to be statistically significant.RESULTS There were a total of 407 patients included in the analysis.The mean age of the subjects in this study was 38.89±14.61 years.In total,165 out of the 407 patients could not achieve stone free status.The successful group had a significantly lower stone volume as compared to the unsuccessful group(P<0.0001).Skin to stone distance was not dissimilar among the two groups(P=0.47).MSD was significantly lower in the successful group(P<0.0001).SHI and VCSD were both significantly higher in the successful group(P<0.0001).CONCLUSION VCSD,a useful CT based parameter,can be utilized to gauge stone fragility and hence the prediction of SWL outcomes.

Genetic variations of wood properties and growth characters of Ko-rean pines from different provenances

Totally 26 provenance stands of 17-year-old Korean pine were selected for investigating wood properties and growth characters in Mao抏rshan Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University in 1999. The anatomical property indexes, including tracheid length, tracheid diameter and wall-indiameter ratio, and the physical property indexes, such as growth ring width, late wood percentage and growth ring density, were measured for wood properties. Growth character indexes, including tree height and diameter at breast height, were also measured. The analytical results showed that there exited obviously dif-ference in wood property indexes between different provenances, which is suggested that wood properties are controlled by their genetic differences. The growth character indexes of Korean pines presented significant difference and they might also be controlled by their genetic differences. Most parameters of wood properties mainly varied in the direction of longitude, but the parameters of growth characters varied in the direction of latitude.

Variations of Melanocortin Receptor 1 (MC1R) Gene in Three Pig Breeds

Variations of Melanocortin Receptor 1 （MC1R） were investigated using sequencing, PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP, in three pig breeds, Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc. Five polymorphic sites were found, in which 668G→C occurred within 5＇ UTR, nt894insCC in coding region resulting in a premature stop at codon 56, and 1318C→T, 1554G→A, l197G→A in coding region resulting in Ala164Val, Ala243Thr, and Asp124Asn respectively. All individuals in Landrace and Yorkshire present homozygous 668GG, 1197AA, 1318CC, and 1554GG, and have CC insertions at the 894 site, whereas the individuals in Duroc present a contrast homozygous 668CC, 1197GG, 1318TT, and 1554AA, and have no CC insertions at the corresponding site. No heterozygote has been found at these mutation sites. Presumably, 668G→C, 1318C→T, and 1554G→A may be associated with the recessive red color in the Duroc breed, and nt894insCC making 1197G→A nonsense may be associated with the white color in Landrace and Yorkshire breeds.

Stochastic Analysis of Interconnect Delay in the Presence of Process Variations

Process variations can reduce the accuracy in estimation of interconnect performance. This work presents a process variation based stochastic model and proposes an effective analytical method to estimate interconnect delay. The technique decouples the stochastic interconnect segments by an improved decoupling method. Combined with a polynomial chaos expression （PCE）, this paper applies the stochastic Galerkin method （SGM） to analyze the system response. A finite representation of interconnect delay is then obtained with the complex approximation method and the bisection method. Results from the analysis match well with those from SPICE. Moreover, the method shows good computational efficiency, as the running time is much less than the SPICE simulation＇s.

Dissolved Inorganic Arsenic in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea—Distributions and Seasonal Variations

The distributions and seasonal variations of total dissolved inorganic arsenic （TDIAs, [TDIAs] = [As^5＋]＋[As^3＋]） and arsenite （As3.） in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are presented hero based on the observations of 9 cruises carried out in 2000 - 2003. The study area covers a broad range of hydrographic and chemical properties. The emphasis is put on a southeast transect from Changjiang Estuary to the Ryukyu Islands （i.e. PN section） in the East China Sea to discuss the impact of terrestdal input on the marginal seas of China. Arsenic species （TDlAs and arsenite） are determined by selective hydride generation - atomic fluorescence spectrometry （HG-AFS）. TDIAs concentrations were high in the coastal area of Changjiang Estuary and decreased slightly towards the shelf region. High concentratiOns of TDIAs were also existed in the near bottom layer of shelf edge of the East China Sea which indicated another source of arsenic from the incursion of Kuroshio Waters. The seasonal variations of TDIAs in the study area depend on the hydrographic stages of Changjiang and the incursion intensity of Kuroshio Waters. Arsenite showed opposite distributions with TDIAs, with higher concentrations appeared at the surface layer of shelf region, which was positive correlated with the chlorophyll a. Biological conversion of arsenate into arsenite was hypothesized for the observed distribution pattern and its seasonal variations. The stoichoimetric ratios of As to P were estimated to be about 2×10^3 at PN Section in summer. The concentrations of dissolved arsenic in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea were comparable with other areas in the world.

Horizontal Distribution and Annual Variations of Fecal Coliform Bacteria in Luoyuan Bay

Fecal Coliform Bacteria （FCB） of marine waters was monitored in Luoyuan Bay from January, 2003 to December, 2005. The results showed that number of FCB in marine water samples ranged from no detection （ 〈2 cfu/100 mL） to 540 cfu/100 mL in Luoyuan Bay. Values of FCB during August to October were significantly higher than those during January to April during three year period. Monthly changes of FCB values at each year period were mainly due to monthly precipitation. In addition, compared with FCB values in difference sample sites, values of FCB in Bay-heed were significantly higher than those in middle of bay and Bay-mouth, Luoyuan Bay. However, values of FCB in Bay-mouth were significantly less than those in middle of bay. The ratios to the par of FCB in 2003, 2004, and 2005 years were 100%, 98.0%, and 97.9%, respectively. Therefore, we considered that the pollution of FCB of surface marine water in Luoyuan Bay was not serious.