Expression of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 in the hippocampus of vascular dementia mice after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion

BACKGROUND： The p25-activated cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 （Cdk5） may induce neuronal cell death and cause the development of dementia following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. OBJECTIVE： To observe changes in the expression of Cdk5 and p25 in hippocampal tissue of vascular dementia mice at different time points following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled animal experiment was performed in the clinical trial center of Hebei Provincial People＇s Hospital between September 2007 and October 2008. MATERIALS： Cdk5 rabbit anti-mouse polyclonal antibody, p35 rabbit anti-mouse polyclonal antibody, and β-actin mouse monoclonal antibody were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., USA; horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG and horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mice IgG were offered by Beijing Zhongshan Geldenbridye Biotechnology Co.,Ltd., China; the protein quantitative kit was produced by Applygen Gene Technology Corp., Beijing, China; cDNA reverse transcription and PCR amplification reagents were products of TianGen＆ Biotech （Beijing） Co.,Ltd., China. METHODS： One hundred and sixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups： a sham-operated group （n = 65） and a model group （n = 95）. Vascular dementia was induced with three periods of transient ischemia and reperfusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries. In the sham-operated group, the bilateral common carotid arteries were not blocked. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Behavioral tests were done at four and six weeks post surgery. Pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 region were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining Cdk5 mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR, and Western blots were used to evaluate Cdk5 and p25 expression. Learning and memory performance were assayed using the Morris water maze. RESULTS： Vascular dementia reduced learning and memory performance at 4 and 6 weeks post surgery. Vascular dementia also caused severe, time-dependent neuronal damage and death in the hippocampal CA1 region. Dementia induction also increased mRNA and protein expression of Cdk5 and p25 at both 4 and 6 weeks after surgery. CONCLUSION： Cdk5/p25 is involved in the development of vascular dementia in mice following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A 16,tumour protein 53 and epidermal growth factor receptor in salivary gland carcinomas is not associated with oncogenic virus infection

It is known that human papillomavirus （HPV） infection can cause squamous cell neoplasms at several sites, such as cervix uteri carcinoma and oral squamous carcinoma. There is little information on the expression of HPV and its predictive markers in tumours of the major and minor salivary glands of the head and neck. We therefore assessed oral salivary gland neoplasms to identify associations between HPV and infection-related epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A （CDKN2A/p16） and tumour protein p53 （TP53）. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from oral salivary gland carcinomas （n=51） and benign tumours （n=26） were analysed by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） analysis for several HPV species, including high-risk types 16 and 18. Evaluation of EGFR, CDKN2A, TP53 and cytomegalovirus （CMV） was performed by immunohistochemistry. Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） was evaluated by EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridisation. We demonstrated that salivary gland tumours are not associated with HPV infection. The expression of EGFR, CDKN2A and TP53 may be associated with tumour pathology but is not induced by HPV. CMV and EBV were not detectable. In contrast to oral squamous cell carcinomas, HPV, CMV and EBV infections are not associated with malignant or benign neoplastic lesions of the salivary glands.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is required for suppressing D1-dependent signaling mediated through muscarinic 4 in isolated medium spiny neurons

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated acetylcholine muscarinic 4(M4) receptor regulates DARPP-32 phosphorylation at Thr75 in isolated medium spiny neurons(MSNs),indicating antagonistic mechanism with D1 dependent signal cascade,but the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclearly.In this study,we investigated the roles of M4 receptor in modulation D1 dependent signal to integrate striatal DA inputs in isolated MSNs.METHODS(1)Lentivirus technology was employed to genetically knock down the M4 receptor of MSNs;(2) Apomorphine(APO),acts as a dopamine receptor agonist,while SCH23390,acts as a selective antagonist for D1,were used to study the pharmacologically profiles with D1 receptor stimulation or blockade,respectively.Then the no subtype-selective muscarinic agonist oxotremorine M(OX) were used to show that mAchRs activation,in order to dissect the particular function of M4,a selective M4 antagonist,MT3 was used;(3) Intracellular cAMP production of MSNs was measured by using time resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer detection method;(4) Laser confocal was used to explore the expression of M4 and D1 in MSNs;(5) Immunofluorescence cytochemistry and Western blotting were used to confirm the alteration of signaling molecular including P-CREB,DARPP-32 P-Thr34,DARPP-32 P-Thr75,cyclin-dependent kinase 5(CDK5) as wel as p25/35,which are involved in DA-dependent signaling modulations.RESULTS Firstly,TR-FRET assay revealed APO(10-2 mol·L^(-1))significantly increased the level of intracellular cAMP(vs control,n=3,P<0.01),also Western blotting results showed that APO(10-6 mol · L^(-1))increased DARPP-32 Thr34 phosphorylation(vs control,n=3,P<0.01),and these effect were reversed by D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390(vs APO,n=3,P<0.01).Interestingly,we confirmed that OX(10-6 mol · L^(-1)) down-regulated APO-induced DARPP-32 Thr34 phosphorylation(vs APO,n=3,P<0.01),due to its effects on DARPP-32 phosphorylation at Thr75.The results presented the antagonistic mechanism of mAchRs stimulation with D1 dependent signal cascade in MSNs.Meanwhile,OX(10-7,10-6 and10^(-5) mol·L^(-1)) stimulated DARPP-32 phosphorylation at Thr75,and simultaneously up regulated P25/35 and CDK5 activity(vs control,n=3,P<0.01) by using Western blotting assay.Furthermore,roscovitine(10^(-5) mol · L^(-1)),acts as a CDK5 inhibitor,suppressed CDK5 activity(vs control,n=10,P<0.01),and fully inhibited OX-induced DARPP-32 Thr75 phosphorylation(vs OX,n=10,P<0.01).More important,pretreated with roscovitine(10^(-5) mol·L^(-1)),the effect of APO on DARPP-32 Thr34 phosphorylation was potentiated(vs APO,n=3,P<0.05).The result presented CDK5 is required in suppression of APO on DARPP-32 Thr34 phosphorylation mediated through mAchRs stimulation.In addition,laser confocal results showed that the CDK5 up-regulation was mostly confined to MSNs co-expressing M4,which means that M4 participated in CDK5-mediated phosphorylation of DARPP-32 at Thr75.Consistently,immunofluorescence and Western blotting results confirmed that both genetic knockdown and pharmacologic inhibition of M4 receptors with MT3(10-7 mol · L^(-1)) down-regulated the OX-induced the expression of CDK5(vs OX,n=3,P<0.01) and P25/35(vs OX,n=3,P<0.01)in isolated MSNs.CONCLUSION M4 receptor may play an important role in antagonistic regulation D1 dependent signaling,in which CDK5 is required for suppressing D1-DARPP-32 Thr34 phosphorylation in isolated medium spiny neurons.

The Neuroprotective Effects of Cyclin-dependent Kinase-5 Inhibition in Mice with Niemann-Pick Disease Type C

In order to investigate the neuroprotective effects of cyclin-dependent kinase-5 （cdk-5） inhibition in mice with Niemarm-Pick disease type C （NPC） （npc^-/-）, recombinant adeno-associated virus （rAAV） carrying the small interfering RNA （siRNA） specific for cdk-5 gene was injected into 3-day-old npc^-/- mice intracerebroventricularly. The rAAV-GFP-injected age-matched npc^-/- mice and non-surgery age-matched npc^-/- mice were employed as controls （n=6-10/group）. From the 4th to 8th week after the treatment, mice were weighed, and evaluated for limb motor activity by using the coat hanger test once a week. Eight-week-old npc^-/- mice were sacrificed by decapitation, and brains were quickly dissected and halved sagittally. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and HE staining were used to evaluate the neuropathology in npc^-/- mice. The results showed that rAAV-cdk-5-siRNA-GFP significantly reduced the number of axonal spheroids, delayed the death of Purkinje neurons, ameliorated motor defects in npc^-/- mice, and significantly attenuated the hyperphosphorylation oftau proteins. These data suggested that inhibition of cdk-5 activity has neuroprotective effect on neurons in NPC mice.

Can cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors convert inoperable breast cancer relapse to operability? A case report

BACKGROUND Pathological complete response(pCR) is rare in hormone receptor-positive(HR+)HER2-negative breast cancer(BC) treated with either endocrine therapy(ET) or chemotherapy. Radical resection of locoregional relapse, although potentially curative in some cases, is challenging when the tumor invades critical structures.The oral cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in combination with ET has obtained a significant increase in objective response rates and progression-free survival in patients with advanced BC and is now being evaluated in the neoadjuvant setting. We present a clinical case of a patient with an inoperable locoregional relapse of HR+ HER2-negative BC who experienced p CR after treatment with palbociclib.CASE SUMMARY We report the clinical case of a 60-year-old patient who presented with an inoperable locoregional relapse of HR+, HER2-negative BC 10 years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor. During a routine follow-up visit, breast magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed a 4-cm lesion in the right subclavicular region, infiltrating the chest wall and extending to the subclavian vessels, but without bone or visceral involvement. Treatment was begun with palbociclib plus letrozole, converting the disease to operability over a period of 6 mo. Surgery was performed and a p CR achieved. Of note, during treatment the patient experienced a very uncommon toxicity characterized by burning tongue and glossodynia associated with dysgeusia, paresthesia, dysesthesia, and xerostomia. A reduction in the dose of palbociclib did not provide relief and treatment with the inhibitor was thus discontinued, resolving the tongue symptoms. Laboratory exams were unremarkable. Given that this was a late relapse, the tumor was classified asendocrine-sensitive, a condition associated with high sensitivity to palbociclib.CONCLUSION This case highlights the potential of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor plus ET combination to achieve pCR in locoregional relapse of BC, enabling surgical resection of a lesion initially considered inoperable.

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinases in HL-60 cells during differentiation induced by retinoic acid

This study was designed to investigate the relationship of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) with theeffects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the proliferation of HL-cells. HL-60 cells were treated with ATRA for 1-4 d. Then thecapacity of DNA Synthesis was evaluated with 3H-TdR incorporation and the expression of cyclin E, cyclin D, CDK2 and CDK4protein determined with immunocytochemical staining. In addition, the expression Of CDC2, CDK2 and CDK4 mRNA was deter-mined with in situ hybridization. It was found that ATRA suppressed the proliferation of HL-60 cells and decreased their capacityof DNA synthesis to result in a down-regulation of the expression of cyclin E, cyclin D and CDC2 without comcomittant suppressionon the expression of CDK2 and CDK4. It is concluded that the effects of ATRA on the proliferation of HL-60 cells may be relatedto the down-regulation of the expression of cyclin E, cyclin D and CDC2.

Pharmacological cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors: Implications for colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer accounts for a significant proportion of cancer deaths worldwide. The need to develop more chemotherapeutic agents to combat this disease is critical. Cyclin dependent kinases(CDKs), along with its binding partner cyclins, serve to control the growth of cells through the cell cycle. A new class of drugs, termed CDK inhibitors, has been studied in preclinical and now clinical trials. These inhibitors are believed to act as an anti-cancer drug by blocking CDKs to block the uncontrolled cellular proliferation that is hallmark of cancers like colorectal cancer. CDK article provides overview of the emerging drug class of CDK inhibitors and provides a list of ones that are currently in clinical trials.

miR-567通过调控CDK8在NSCLC增殖、迁移和细胞周期中的作用及其临床相关性研究

目的探讨微小RNA(miR)-567通过调控周期蛋白依赖性激酶8(CDK8)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)增殖、迁移和细胞周期中的作用及其临床相关性研究。方法收集40例NSCLC患者的肿瘤组织和临近癌旁组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测miR-567和CDK8的表达。将miR-NC mimic、miR-567 mimic、oe-NC和oe-CDK8转染至A549和H1975细胞中,使用qRT-PCR检测miR-567和CDK8的表达,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖水平,Transwell法检测细胞迁移水平,流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化。通过荧光素酶报告基因实验检测miR-567与CDK8的靶向性。结果在NSCLC患者的肿瘤组织中,miR-567表达降低,而CDK8表达升高,二者呈负相关(P<0.05)。在A549和H1975细胞中,miR-567 mimic组相较于miR-NC mimic组,miR-567表达升高,CDK8表达降低,细胞增殖和迁移水平降低,细胞G1期比例升高,S期比例降低;miR-567 mimic组在正常型CDK8中,荧光强度低于miR-NC mimic组;miR-567 mimic+oe-CDK8组相较于miR-567 mimic+oe-NC组,CDK8表达升高,细胞增殖和迁移水平升高,细胞G1期比例降低,S期比例升高。结论miR-567通过靶向抑制CDK8表达,控制肿瘤细胞在S期阻滞,从而抑制NSCLC的增殖和迁移能力。

c-Myc、CDK12在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨胃癌组织中c-Myc、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶12(CDK12)表达及其与患者临床特征及预后的关系。方法 收集80例胃癌患者的胃癌组织和癌旁组织标本,采用免疫组化法检测标本中的c-Myc、CDK12表达水平。比较胃癌组织和癌旁组织中c-Myc、CDK12阳性表达情况;分析胃癌组织中c-Myc、CDK12阳性表达与患者临床病理特征的关系;分析c-Myc与CDK12阳性表达的相关性,胃癌组织中c-Myc、CDK12阳性表达与胃癌患者预后的关系。结果 胃癌组织中c-Myc、CDK12阳性表达率(77.5%、87.5%)均明显高于癌旁组织(13.8%、15.0%)(P<0.05)。不同年龄、性别、肿瘤最大直径患者胃癌组织中c-Myc、CDK12阳性表达率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中低分化、Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、侵犯浆膜、有淋巴结转移患者胃癌组织中c-Myc和CDK12阳性表达率分别为88.0%、87.0%、88.9%、90.0%和94.0%、92.6%、97.2%、100.0%,均明显高于高分化、Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、未侵犯浆膜、无淋巴结转移患者胃癌组织的60.0%、57.7%、68.2%、70.0%和76.7%、76.9%、79.5%、80.0%(P<0.05)。相关分析发现,c-Myc、CDK12在胃癌组织中的表达呈正相关性(r=0.487,P=0.016<0.05)。胃癌组织中c-Myc、CDK12阳性患者的3年生存率分别为19.4%、21.4%,均明显低于c-Myc、CDK12阴性患者的55.6%、70.0%(P<0.05)。结论 c-Myc、CDK12在胃癌组织中异常高表达,两者呈正相关性,并与肿瘤的TNM分期、分化程度、肿瘤侵袭深度及淋巴结转移有关,对患者的预后有明显影响,通过检测两者水平可能评估胃癌患者的预后。

细胞周期蛋白激酶抑制调控蛋白p21在HHV-8病毒裂解复制周期的作用

目的研究细胞周期蛋白激酶抑制调控蛋白p21对人类疱疹病毒8型(human herpesvirus 8,HHV-8)病毒裂解复制周期的影响。方法组蛋白去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylase,HDAC)抑制剂SAHA预处理后,倒置荧光显微镜观察红色荧光蛋白(RFP)阳性的iSLK.219细胞数,实时定量PCR检测TREx-K-Rta BCBL-1细胞中HHV-8病毒相关基因的mRNA水平。脂质体转染p21-siRNA后,免疫印迹法检测iSLK.219和TREx-K-Rta BCBL-1细胞中p21蛋白表达,计算RFP阳性iSLK.219细胞百分率,检测TREx-K-Rta BCBL-1细胞中ORF50和PAN的mRNA水平,CCK-8法和台盼蓝染色观察细胞存活情况。结果SAHA显著增强iSLK.219细胞RFP阳性率、TREx-K-Rta BCBL-1细胞中HHV-8裂解复制周期相关基因ORF50、PAN及K8.1的mRNA水平和p21蛋白表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。siRNA沉默p21后,iSLK.219细胞RFP阳性率、TREx-K-Rta BCBL-1细胞中HHV-8裂解复制周期相关基因ORF50和PAN mRNA水平显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且保护SAHA介导的TREx-K-Rta BCBL-1细胞死亡。结论抑制HDAC活性通过调控p21促进HHV-8病毒裂解复制。

贝母素乙通过下调CDK2/CDK4/CDK6和cyclin D1表达抑制人结肠腺癌SW480细胞活力

目的:探究贝母素乙(peiminine)对人结肠腺癌细胞(SW480)活力、迁移和侵袭的抑制作用并探讨其抑制SW480增殖的作用机制。方法:用不同剂量的贝母素乙处理人结肠腺癌细胞SW480和人正常结肠上皮细胞CCD-841CoN,通过CCK-8实验确定贝母素乙抑制SW480活力的最适剂量和最佳作用时间;划痕和Transwell实验检测贝母素乙对SW480迁移与侵袭能力的影响;流式细胞术和Western blot检测贝母素乙对SW480细胞周期及细胞周期相关蛋白表达的影响;构建SW480移植瘤裸鼠模型,在体内分析贝母素乙对SW480活力及细胞周期相关蛋白表达的影响。结果:与对照组相比,当贝母素乙作用浓度为110 mg/L时能够显著抑制SW480细胞活力、迁移和侵袭能力(P<0.01),并诱导SW480细胞周期G1期阻滞,周期相关蛋白细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2(CDK2)、CDK4、CDK6、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)、p-Rb/Rb、E2F1、E2F3和E2F4的表达水平受到显著抑制(P<0.05);在体内,贝母素乙抑制SW480移植瘤的活力、延长荷瘤裸鼠的生存周期,影响肿瘤组织中CDK2、CDK4、CDK6和cyclin D1的表达。结论:贝母素乙通过下调CDK2、CDK4、CDK6和cyclin D1的表达,引起SW480细胞的G1期阻滞,进而抑制人结肠腺癌细胞SW480增殖。

新生儿Beckwith-Wiedemann综合征一例报道及文献复习

Beckwith-Wiedemann综合征(BWS)是一种生长障碍,BWS与BWS关键区印迹基因的异常表达有关,被认为是一种临床谱,其中受影响的个体可能具有许多或只有1~2个典型的临床特征。出生后新生儿查体尤为重要,有利于该疾病的早诊早治。本文报道了1例以舌大为首发症状的新生儿,住院期间出现低血糖,后期随访有脐疝,基因检测结果提示其携带的c.235T>C(p.Trp79Arg)变异为细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1C(CDKN1C)基因编码区错义变异,CDKN1C基因235位核苷酸发生T→C转换,即位于第79个氨基酸发生错义突变,导致色氨酸突变为精氨酸,结合患儿的临床特点与基因检测结果,确诊为BWS。本病例报告和相关遗传学研究进展旨在提高对BWS综合征临床诊疗的认识,避免误诊以及漏诊的发生。

Contragestazol (DL111-IT) inhibits proliferation of human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC3 in vitro and in vivo

Aim： To evaluate the antiproliferative activity of contragestazol （DL111-IT） on the human prostate cancer cell line PC3 in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods： The cell killing ability of DL111-IT was measured by the 3-（4,5-dimethylthia-zol,2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） reagent assay method and the tumor xenograft model. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression, including retinoblastoma （pRb）, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 （CDK4） and cyclin D 1, was detected by Western blotting. Results： DL111-IT exhibited high efficiency on cell growth inhibition of the human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC3. The drug concentration that yielded 50 % cell inhibition （IC50 value） was 9.9 mg/mL. In the PC3 tumor xenograft study, DL111-IT （1.25 mg/kg-20.0 mg/kg） given once a day for 10 days significantly inhibited tumor growth, with the inhibition rate ranging from 21% to 50 %. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that DL111-IT could cause GI arrest in the PC3 cell line, but not apoptosis. DL111-IT enhanced pRb expression and down-regulated CDK4 and cyclin D 1 expression, suggesting that cell cycle regulation might contribute to the anticancer property of DL 111- IT. Conclusion： DL111-1T inhibits the proliferation of human androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC3 in vitro and in vivo by a cell cycle regulation pathway.

急性冠脉综合征患者血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1、miR-184水平与介入治疗后冠状动脉再狭窄发生的相关性研究

目的分析急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清长链非编码RNA细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子2B基因反义RNA1(lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1)、微小RNA-184(miR-184)水平与经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗后冠状动脉再狭窄(RS)发生的相关性。方法选取2020年2月至2023年3月在该院行PCI治疗的288例ACS患者,根据术后6个月复查造影结果分为RS发生组96例和RS未发生组192例。采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1、miR-184相对表达水平;采用Pearson相关性分析血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1与miR-184相关性;影响ACS患者PCI后RS发生的因素采用多因素Logistic回归分析;以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1、miR-184对ACS患者PCI后RS发生的评估价值。结果与RS未发生组相比,RS发生组血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1水平显著升高,miR-184水平显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素18(IL-18)、总胆红素(TBIL)及心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,ACS患者血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1与miR-184水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.427,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1、hs-CRP、IL-18、cTnI是影响ACS患者PCI后RS发生的危险因素,miR-184、TBIL是影响ACS患者PCI后RS发生的保护因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线结果显示,血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1、miR-184及二者联合对ACS患者PCI后RS发生评估的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.787、0.844、0.929,二者联合对ACS患者PCI后RS发生评估的AUC显著高于血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1、miR-184单独评估(Z_(二者联合-lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1)=4.490、Z_(二者联合-miR-184)=3.429,均P<0.05)。结论ACS患者血清lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1水平显著升高,miR-184水平显著降低,与ACS患者PCI后RS发生具有相关性,均是影响ACS患者PCI后RS发生的因素,且二者联合对ACS患者PCI后RS发生的评估效能更佳。

CyclinD1、p21^(WAF1)、p53及Ki-67在肝细胞癌中的表达及与预后的关系

目的探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)中cyclin D1、p21、p53及Ki-67蛋白的表达及其与HCC预后的关系。方法选择2000年1月-2005年1月在解放军总医院行手术切除的80例HCC患者的肝组织标本,采用EliVision法进行cyclin D1、p21WAF1、p53及Ki-67免疫组化染色,分析其表达水平与HCC病理特征的关系,并进行生存分析。结果 Cyclin D1、p21WAF1、p53及Ki-67在HCC中的阳性表达率分别为38.8%、40.5%、65.4%及80.0%,均明显高于癌旁肝组织(分别为19.0%、11.5%、0.0%、6.3%,P<0.005)。相关分析显示,cyclin D1阳性表达与核分级呈正相关(P=0.041),p21WAF1及p53阳性表达与肿瘤分化程度(P=0.032、P=0.031)和血管浸润(P=0.036、P=0.011)呈正相关,Ki-67阳性表达与肿瘤分化程度(P=0.004)、核分级(P=0.045)和血管浸润(P=0.001)呈正相关。生存分析显示,cyclin D1及Ki-67高表达者预后较差。Ki-67阳性表达与p53(P=0.000)及p21WAF1(P=0.047)阳性表达有明显相关性,其他各蛋白之间表达无明显相关。Cox回归模型分析显示,肿瘤大小(P=0.042)、肿瘤数目(P=0.004)及血管浸润(P=0.000)为HCC的独立预后因素。结论 Cyclin D1、p21WAF1、p53及Ki-67可能参与了HCC的生物学进程;cyclin D1及Ki-67阳性表达对HCC预后的判断有一定价值。

EGF对真皮成纤维细胞中cyclinD1和CDK-4表达的影响

目的 探讨表皮生长因子 (EGF)对作为皮肤组织工程种子细胞之一的真皮成纤维细胞中 cyclin D1和 CDK- 4表达的影响 ,以从细胞周期探讨 EGF促进真皮成纤维细胞生长的机制 .方法 用含 10 0 m L· L- 1 胎牛血清的 DMEM,加入5 0 mg· L- 1的 EGF培养 SD大鼠的真皮成纤维细胞 ,通过MTT检测、流式细胞仪分析观察细胞的生长状态 ,免疫组化检测 cyclin D1和 CDK- 4的表达 ,结合流式细胞仪分析观察细胞的周期变化 .结果 MTT检测、流式细胞仪结果都显示 5 0mg· L- 1 的 EGF能显著促进真皮成纤维细胞的生长增殖 ,免疫组化结果显示 ,二者一致 .结论 5 0 mg· L- 1 的 EGF对真皮成纤维细胞的生长有极大的促进作用 ,促进了细胞周期蛋白 cyclin D1和 CDK- 4的表达 ,使细胞 G1期变短 .

人参、三七、川芎提取物对血管平滑肌细胞衰老相关β半乳糖苷酶及p16-cyclinD/CDK-Rb通路的影响

目的:观察人参、三七、川芎提取物延缓自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cell,VSMC)衰老的作用及其可能的细胞周期调控机制。方法:取大鼠胸主动脉用于分离VMSC,采用原代细胞培养的方法建立SHR大鼠VMSC模型,实验分为Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)大鼠对照组、SHR模型组、缬沙坦组、中药低剂量组和中药高剂量组。采用衰老相关β半乳糖苷酶(senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase,SA-β-gal)染色法观察细胞衰老情况,流式细胞仪分析细胞周期分布,逆转录聚合酶链式反应和蛋白质印迹法检测各组细胞p16、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(cyclin-dependent kinase4,CDK4)和成视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白(retinoblastoma protein,Rb)的表达。结果:SA-β-gal染色显示,与WKY组比较,SHR组SA-β-gal阳性细胞数明显增多(P<0.01),人参、三七、川芎提取物可使SHR VSMC SA-β-gal阳性细胞数明显减少(P<0.01);流式细胞仪检测显示,与WKY组比较,SHR组VSMC在G1期明显减少,S期细胞明显增加,中药干预后SHR的VSMC G1期细胞明显增多,S期细胞明显减少(P<0.05);实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测显示,与WKY组比较,SHR组VSMC的p16和Rb mRNA表达量明显减少,cyclin D1和CDK4mRNA表达增加;人参、三七、川芎提取物干预后SHR VSMC p16和Rb mRNA表达量增加,cyclin D1和CDK4mRNA减少。蛋白质印迹法显示,与WKY组比较,SHR组VSMC的p16蛋白表达量明显减少,cyclin D1、CDK4和磷酸化Rb蛋白表达量明显增加(P<0.05);中药干预后SHR VSMC p16蛋白表达增加,cyclin D1、CDK4和磷酸化Rb蛋白表达量减少(P<0.05)。结论:人参、三七、川芎提取物通过改变p16-cyclin D/CDK-Rb通路因子的表达而发挥延缓SHR VSMC衰老的作用。

慢病毒干扰SKA1对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖及CDK4和cyclin D1表达的影响

目的探究慢病毒介导纺锤体和动粒相关蛋白1(SKA1)沉默对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖及细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(CDK4)和细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)水平的影响。方法构建慢病毒表达载体Lv-shSKA1,转染PC-3细胞。实验分为空白组、Lv-shCon组和Lv-shSKA1组。用实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术检测细胞SKA1mRNA表达,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞增殖率,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,用蛋白质印迹(Western blot)技术检测SKA1、CDK4及cyclin D1蛋白表达。结果 (1)与LvshCon组比较,Lv-shSKA1组细胞中SKA1mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著下调(P<0.05)。(2)与Lv-shCon组比较,Lv-shSKA1组细胞增殖速率显著较慢(P<0.05)。(3)与Lv-shCon组比较,Lv-shSKA1组G0/G1期细胞数显著减少(P<0.05),S期细胞数显著增加(P<0.05)。(4)与Lv-shCon组比较,Lv-shSKA1组细胞CDK4、cyclin D1蛋白表达水平均显著下调(P<0.05)。结论慢病毒介导的SKA1沉默可抑制前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖,且细胞增殖相关蛋白CDK4、cyclin D1表达显著下调,提示SKA1可能是前列腺癌基因治疗的新靶点。

急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后微RNA-208、p21水平与预后的关系

目的探究急性心肌梗死(AMI)经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后微RNA-208(miRNA-208)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子(p21)水平与预后的关系。方法选择2016年1月至2018年12月在大庆龙南医院接受PCI治疗的AMI病人199例为研究对象。根据随访过程中是否发生主要不良心血管事件(MACE)将病人分为MACE组(46例)和非MACE组(153例)。采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别检测受试者血清中miRNA-208和p21的表达水平。分析miRNA-208和p21水平与AMI病人PCI术后发生MACE的关系。结果与MACE组相比,非MACE组AMI病人血清中miRNA-208(1.05±0.21比1.32±0.26)相对表达水平增高,p21[(1.85±0.39)比(1.43±0.36)]kU/L表达水平降低(P<0.05)。miRNA-208与p21水平联合预测AMI病人PCI术后发生MACE的曲线下面积(AUC=0.85)高于单一指标预测(0.79和0.74)。miRNA-208高表达组病人发生MACE的概率显著低于miRNA-208低表达组(12.36%比31.82%),p21高表达组病人发生MACE的概率显著高于p21低表达组(32.65%比13.21%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cox单因素及多因素分析显示,miRNA-208[HR 95%CI:0.80(0.40,1.15)]与p21[HR 95%CI:4.41(2.41,11.35)]水平与AMI病人PCI术后发生MACE密切相关(P<0.05)。结论AMI病人PCI术后血清中miRNA-208、p21水平与预后有关,且miRNA-208低水平和p21高水平AMI病人发生MACE概率较大。

牛磺酸对胰腺癌细胞系BxPC-3和PANC-1细胞增殖、凋亡和迁移的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸(Tau)对胰腺癌导管细胞增殖、凋亡和迁移的影响。方法体外培养胰腺癌BxPC-3和PANC-1细胞,采用不同浓度Tau(0、10、20、40、80、160 mmol/L)进行预处理。采用CCK-8、细胞划痕实验、TUNEL法观察Tau对BxPC-3和PANC-1细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)和蛋白质免疫印迹法检测Tau影响BxPC-3和PANC-1细胞中相关细胞凋亡及细胞周期分子mRNA和蛋白表达的情况。结果Tau可抑制BxPC-3和PANC-1的细胞增殖和迁移活性;同时,Tau能够促进BxPC-3和PANC-1细胞凋亡。与对照组相比,Tau处理后的BxPC-3细胞中相关凋亡因子P53、P21、Bcl-2关联X蛋白(BAX)表达水平呈上升趋势,而增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达降低;Tau处理后的PANC-1细胞中B淋巴细胞瘤-2蛋白(Bcl-2)、PCNA、细胞周期蛋白CyclinA2、CyclinB1、CyclinE、周期蛋白依赖性激酶CDK1、CDK2、CDK4、CDK6等的表达较对照组均下降,而相关凋亡蛋白P53、P21的表达水平升高。结论Tau可抑制胰腺癌细胞BxPC-3和PANC-1的增殖和迁移活性,并促进细胞凋亡,可能是通过影响相关细胞凋亡基因和细胞周期蛋白来抑制胰腺癌细胞的活性。