Objective:To explore genetic variations of Hypoderaeum conoideum collected from domestic ducks from 12 different localities in Thailand and Lao PDR,as well as their phylogenetic relationship with American and European...Objective:To explore genetic variations of Hypoderaeum conoideum collected from domestic ducks from 12 different localities in Thailand and Lao PDR,as well as their phylogenetic relationship with American and European isolates.Methods:The nucleotide sequences of their nuclear ribosomal DNA(ITS),mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1(CO1),and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1)were used to analyze genetic diversity indices.Results:We found relatively high levels of nucleotide polymorphism in ND1(4.02%),whereas moderate and low levels were observed in CO1(2.11%)and ITS(0.96%),respectively.Based on these polymorphisms,the 20 ND1,12 CO1,and 18 ITS haplotypes were classified,and several common haplotypes were observed in all samples.At least three major lineages,namely American,European and Asian lineages,have been classified by phylogenetic analyses based on ND1 sequences.Conclusions:Our report demonstrates that the ND1 gene is the most suitable genetic marker to explore genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship of Hypoderaeum conoideum.However,a combination of all loci for ND1,CO1 and ITS would be of great value toward further genetic investigation of this endemic worldwide parasite.Thus,comprehensive molecular genetic analyses of Hypoderaeum conoideum from its worldwide distribution is needed to further understanding of the evolutionary and systematic relationships of this parasite.展开更多
Background:Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1(TRAP1)plays a protective effect in hypoxic cardiomyocytes,but the precise mechanisms are not well clarified.The study is aimed to identify the mechanism o...Background:Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1(TRAP1)plays a protective effect in hypoxic cardiomyocytes,but the precise mechanisms are not well clarified.The study is aimed to identify the mechanism of TRAP1 on hypoxic damage in cardiomyocytes.Methods:In this study,the effects of TRAP1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅱ(COXⅡ)on apoptosis in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes were explored using overexpression and knockdown methods separately.Results:Hypoxia induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and TRAP1 overexpression notably inhibited apoptosis induced by hypoxia.Conversely,TRAP1 silencing promoted apoptosis in hypoxic cardiomyocytes.Further investigation revealed that the proapoptotic effects caused by the silencing of TRAP1 were prevented by COXⅡ overexpression,whereas COXⅡ knockdown reduced the antiapoptotic function induced by TRAP1 overexpression.Additionally,changes in the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol and the caspase-3 activity in the cytoplasm,as well as reactive oxygen species production,were found to be correlated with the changes in apoptosis.Conclusions:The current study uncovered that TRAP1 regulates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway mediated by COXⅡ,in which reactive oxygen species presents as an important component.展开更多
本研究对西北地区三个地方猪种471个样本(藏猪、甘肃黑猪和八眉猪)mt DNA COXⅠ基因构建混合池,利用直接测序技术获得3个猪种COXI基因的序列,进行SNPs筛选及序列分析,并采用MEGA 6.0分析软件基于Kimurk双参数模型应用邻接法构建系统发...本研究对西北地区三个地方猪种471个样本(藏猪、甘肃黑猪和八眉猪)mt DNA COXⅠ基因构建混合池,利用直接测序技术获得3个猪种COXI基因的序列,进行SNPs筛选及序列分析,并采用MEGA 6.0分析软件基于Kimurk双参数模型应用邻接法构建系统发生树。结果表明,3个猪种mt DNA COXI基因序列仅存在5个突变位点,且无相同突变位点,多态性较贫乏。系统进化树和遗传距离分析显示,八眉猪、藏猪、黑猪及野猪聚为一支,再与杜洛克、欧洲伯克希尔猪及大白猪聚为一支,而后与同属为偶蹄目的牛、绵羊聚为一支。西北猪种应有共同的母系祖先,品种内母系遗传多样性较贫乏,外来猪种引入我国后主要是用作父本以提高生产速度和瘦肉率等,对本地猪种未有母系贡献。本研究在一定程度上为我国地方猪品种的有效保护和合理利用提供理论依据。展开更多
本研究对三个国外猪种216个样本(大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克)mt DNA COXⅠ基因构建混合池,利用直接测序技术获得3个猪种COXⅠ基因的序列,进行SNPs筛选及序列分析,并采用MEGA 6.0分析软件基于Kimurk双参数模型应用邻接法构建系统发生树。结...本研究对三个国外猪种216个样本(大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克)mt DNA COXⅠ基因构建混合池,利用直接测序技术获得3个猪种COXⅠ基因的序列,进行SNPs筛选及序列分析,并采用MEGA 6.0分析软件基于Kimurk双参数模型应用邻接法构建系统发生树。结果表明,3个猪种mt DNA COXⅠ基因序列共存在16个突变位点,且有3个突变位点为3个猪种共有。长白猪与杜洛克猪的多态性较丰富,含有13个相同位点的突变,核苷酸的转换数(si)和颠换数(sv)的比值(R)分别为12和15,序列替换远未达到饱和。系统进化树和遗传距离分析显示长白猪及杜洛克亲缘关系较近,先聚为一支,再与大白猪、及野猪聚为一支。大白猪与中国东北地区野猪聚为一支,这可能与大白猪在培育过程中亲本遗传背景较复杂有关。本研究在一定程度上为了解大白猪的育成史及合理利用国外猪种提供了理论依据。展开更多
Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex, causing signiifcant loss on many agricultural y important crops worldwide. Knowledge on species composition and diversity within B. tabaci complex is critical for evolving ...Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex, causing signiifcant loss on many agricultural y important crops worldwide. Knowledge on species composition and diversity within B. tabaci complex is critical for evolving sustainable pest management strategies. Here we investigate the whitelfy species complex in soybean in major soybean growing states of India. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit-1 (mtCOI) based phylogenetic relationships established using Bayesian methods indicated the existence of three cryptic species namely Asia I, Asia II 1, and Asia II 7. Al the haplotypes detected in the study could be assigned to these three cryptic species fol owing the species demarcation criteria of 3.5%divergence threshold. Of these, Asia II 1 was found to be predominant with wide spread distribution across the surveyed regions from cool temperate zones to hot and humid tropical plains. On the contrary, cryptic species Asia II 7 showed localized distribu-tion. The Asia II 1 exhibited the highest haplotype diversity and Asia I showed high level of nucleotide diversity. There was a signiifcantly high genetic differentiation among these three cryptic species. The MEAM 1, a dreadful invasive species was not detected in the specimens tested in the current study. The diversity and distribution of three cryptic species is discussed in the light of current knowledge on distribution of whitelfy species in India and yel ow mosaic disease observed during sampling survey.展开更多
Objective: To study the prevalence and genotype of Enterobius(E.)vermicularis from adhesive tape samples in the cities of Shiraz and Khorramabad, Iran. Methods: A total of 1 000 adhesive tape samples from kindergarten...Objective: To study the prevalence and genotype of Enterobius(E.)vermicularis from adhesive tape samples in the cities of Shiraz and Khorramabad, Iran. Methods: A total of 1 000 adhesive tape samples from kindergartens in Shiraz(500 samples) and Khorramabad(500 samples) were collected and tested using a microscope to find E. vermicularis egg/s. A questionnaire was filled out for each sample. In order to characterize the genotype of E. vermicularis, the PCR-sequencing method of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1(cox1) gene was used. Genomic DNA was extracted from the positive scotch tape samples of E. vermicularis. The cox1 gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The sequence data were aligned using the BioEdit software and compared with the published sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood method. Results: The parasitological method showed that 15 out of the 500 samples from Shiraz(3.00%) and 12 out of the 500 samples from Khorramabad(2.40%) were infected with E. vermicularis eggs. BLAST analysis indicated that the sequenced isolates belonged to E. vermicularis genotype B while three different haplotypes were also identified. Conclusions: This is the first study on genotyping E. vermicularis in the cities of Shiraz and Khorramabad. Considering the public health importance of the disease, further studies are necessary to characterize the genotype of E. vermicularis in human populations from other regions of Iran.展开更多
基金supported by Faculty of Medicine,Thammasat University,Thailand to CT,grant number 2-18/2562
文摘Objective:To explore genetic variations of Hypoderaeum conoideum collected from domestic ducks from 12 different localities in Thailand and Lao PDR,as well as their phylogenetic relationship with American and European isolates.Methods:The nucleotide sequences of their nuclear ribosomal DNA(ITS),mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1(CO1),and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1)were used to analyze genetic diversity indices.Results:We found relatively high levels of nucleotide polymorphism in ND1(4.02%),whereas moderate and low levels were observed in CO1(2.11%)and ITS(0.96%),respectively.Based on these polymorphisms,the 20 ND1,12 CO1,and 18 ITS haplotypes were classified,and several common haplotypes were observed in all samples.At least three major lineages,namely American,European and Asian lineages,have been classified by phylogenetic analyses based on ND1 sequences.Conclusions:Our report demonstrates that the ND1 gene is the most suitable genetic marker to explore genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship of Hypoderaeum conoideum.However,a combination of all loci for ND1,CO1 and ITS would be of great value toward further genetic investigation of this endemic worldwide parasite.Thus,comprehensive molecular genetic analyses of Hypoderaeum conoideum from its worldwide distribution is needed to further understanding of the evolutionary and systematic relationships of this parasite.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No:81101426,81571898).
文摘Background:Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1(TRAP1)plays a protective effect in hypoxic cardiomyocytes,but the precise mechanisms are not well clarified.The study is aimed to identify the mechanism of TRAP1 on hypoxic damage in cardiomyocytes.Methods:In this study,the effects of TRAP1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅱ(COXⅡ)on apoptosis in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes were explored using overexpression and knockdown methods separately.Results:Hypoxia induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and TRAP1 overexpression notably inhibited apoptosis induced by hypoxia.Conversely,TRAP1 silencing promoted apoptosis in hypoxic cardiomyocytes.Further investigation revealed that the proapoptotic effects caused by the silencing of TRAP1 were prevented by COXⅡ overexpression,whereas COXⅡ knockdown reduced the antiapoptotic function induced by TRAP1 overexpression.Additionally,changes in the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol and the caspase-3 activity in the cytoplasm,as well as reactive oxygen species production,were found to be correlated with the changes in apoptosis.Conclusions:The current study uncovered that TRAP1 regulates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway mediated by COXⅡ,in which reactive oxygen species presents as an important component.
文摘本研究对西北地区三个地方猪种471个样本(藏猪、甘肃黑猪和八眉猪)mt DNA COXⅠ基因构建混合池,利用直接测序技术获得3个猪种COXI基因的序列,进行SNPs筛选及序列分析,并采用MEGA 6.0分析软件基于Kimurk双参数模型应用邻接法构建系统发生树。结果表明,3个猪种mt DNA COXI基因序列仅存在5个突变位点,且无相同突变位点,多态性较贫乏。系统进化树和遗传距离分析显示,八眉猪、藏猪、黑猪及野猪聚为一支,再与杜洛克、欧洲伯克希尔猪及大白猪聚为一支,而后与同属为偶蹄目的牛、绵羊聚为一支。西北猪种应有共同的母系祖先,品种内母系遗传多样性较贫乏,外来猪种引入我国后主要是用作父本以提高生产速度和瘦肉率等,对本地猪种未有母系贡献。本研究在一定程度上为我国地方猪品种的有效保护和合理利用提供理论依据。
文摘本研究对三个国外猪种216个样本(大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克)mt DNA COXⅠ基因构建混合池,利用直接测序技术获得3个猪种COXⅠ基因的序列,进行SNPs筛选及序列分析,并采用MEGA 6.0分析软件基于Kimurk双参数模型应用邻接法构建系统发生树。结果表明,3个猪种mt DNA COXⅠ基因序列共存在16个突变位点,且有3个突变位点为3个猪种共有。长白猪与杜洛克猪的多态性较丰富,含有13个相同位点的突变,核苷酸的转换数(si)和颠换数(sv)的比值(R)分别为12和15,序列替换远未达到饱和。系统进化树和遗传距离分析显示长白猪及杜洛克亲缘关系较近,先聚为一支,再与大白猪、及野猪聚为一支。大白猪与中国东北地区野猪聚为一支,这可能与大白猪在培育过程中亲本遗传背景较复杂有关。本研究在一定程度上为了解大白猪的育成史及合理利用国外猪种提供了理论依据。
基金Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for liberal funding (Functional Genomics of Yellow Mosaic Viruses of Soybean and Development of Transgenic Resistance in Soybean: BT/PR9631/AGR/02/468/2007)
文摘Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex, causing signiifcant loss on many agricultural y important crops worldwide. Knowledge on species composition and diversity within B. tabaci complex is critical for evolving sustainable pest management strategies. Here we investigate the whitelfy species complex in soybean in major soybean growing states of India. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit-1 (mtCOI) based phylogenetic relationships established using Bayesian methods indicated the existence of three cryptic species namely Asia I, Asia II 1, and Asia II 7. Al the haplotypes detected in the study could be assigned to these three cryptic species fol owing the species demarcation criteria of 3.5%divergence threshold. Of these, Asia II 1 was found to be predominant with wide spread distribution across the surveyed regions from cool temperate zones to hot and humid tropical plains. On the contrary, cryptic species Asia II 7 showed localized distribu-tion. The Asia II 1 exhibited the highest haplotype diversity and Asia I showed high level of nucleotide diversity. There was a signiifcantly high genetic differentiation among these three cryptic species. The MEAM 1, a dreadful invasive species was not detected in the specimens tested in the current study. The diversity and distribution of three cryptic species is discussed in the light of current knowledge on distribution of whitelfy species in India and yel ow mosaic disease observed during sampling survey.
基金supported by the office of the Vice Chancellor for Research at SUMS(grant number:95-01-01-13420)
文摘Objective: To study the prevalence and genotype of Enterobius(E.)vermicularis from adhesive tape samples in the cities of Shiraz and Khorramabad, Iran. Methods: A total of 1 000 adhesive tape samples from kindergartens in Shiraz(500 samples) and Khorramabad(500 samples) were collected and tested using a microscope to find E. vermicularis egg/s. A questionnaire was filled out for each sample. In order to characterize the genotype of E. vermicularis, the PCR-sequencing method of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1(cox1) gene was used. Genomic DNA was extracted from the positive scotch tape samples of E. vermicularis. The cox1 gene was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The sequence data were aligned using the BioEdit software and compared with the published sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood method. Results: The parasitological method showed that 15 out of the 500 samples from Shiraz(3.00%) and 12 out of the 500 samples from Khorramabad(2.40%) were infected with E. vermicularis eggs. BLAST analysis indicated that the sequenced isolates belonged to E. vermicularis genotype B while three different haplotypes were also identified. Conclusions: This is the first study on genotyping E. vermicularis in the cities of Shiraz and Khorramabad. Considering the public health importance of the disease, further studies are necessary to characterize the genotype of E. vermicularis in human populations from other regions of Iran.
