Objective:This study aimed to develop a core outcome set(COS)for use in future studies of stable angina pectoris(SAP)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Systematic literature reviews and qualitative interview...Objective:This study aimed to develop a core outcome set(COS)for use in future studies of stable angina pectoris(SAP)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Systematic literature reviews and qualitative interviews with cardiologists and patients with SAP treated using TCM were conducted to generate a set of outcomes.Outcomes were prioritized by stakeholders via two rounds of an online Delphi survey and face-to-face consensus meetings.Following the final consensus meeting,a final COS was generated.Results:An initial set of 324 outcomes was identified.A preliminary list of 65 outcomes was employed in the Delphi study.In total,223 participants from seven stakeholder groups were invited to score outcomes in the first Delphi round:87 completed round 1 and 47 completed round 2.Thirty-one participants attended the consensus meeting and agreed on a final core set of outcomes comprising six items across four domains:frequency of angina attack,duration of angina attack,Seattle angina questionnaire,total exercise duration in the exercise treadmill test,cardiovascular events,and QT interval on electrocardiography.Conclusions:The COS developed in this study provides the minimum requirements for measurement and reporting in future TCM clinical trials for the treatment of SAP.The employment of this COS may reduce heterogeneity across trials and facilitate evidencebased decision-making for stakeholders.展开更多
In this paper, the definition of weak dominance is proposed for a NTU game and two new solution concepts of NTU games are introduced: the refined core and weakly stable set. The relationship is explored among the core...In this paper, the definition of weak dominance is proposed for a NTU game and two new solution concepts of NTU games are introduced: the refined core and weakly stable set. The relationship is explored among the core, the weakly stable set and the refined core.展开更多
Agriculture is an important foundation of China’s socio-economic development. To secure the sound development of modern agriculture in the 21st century, the supply of fertilizers such as potassium is a key factor. Ow...Agriculture is an important foundation of China’s socio-economic development. To secure the sound development of modern agriculture in the 21st century, the supply of fertilizers such as potassium is a key factor. Owing to the limited arable land in China, a vital measure to feed the country’s increasing population is the augmentation of fertilizers so as to gain higher per unit area grain yields. At present, for a fairly long time to come, additional fertilizer resources will mainly come from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. But there is a severe application disproportion between nitroge-展开更多
In brder to study the contradiction problem of multilayer multidimensional complex systems, the concepts of extension field and stable field of intersection and union of multilayer multidimensional extension set are g...In brder to study the contradiction problem of multilayer multidimensional complex systems, the concepts of extension field and stable field of intersection and union of multilayer multidimensional extension set are given. Then the related operations and properties are discussed. The results of study expand the concepts of intersection and union of extension set to a general situation, and provide the theoretical basis for production of the concepts of intersection and union of multilayer multidimensional matter element system extension set. In this way, it will be possible that matter element system theory is used to creative designs of complex systems.展开更多
Client cache is an important technology for the optimization of distributed and centralized storage systems. As a representative client cache system, the performance of CacheFiles is limited by transition faults. Furt...Client cache is an important technology for the optimization of distributed and centralized storage systems. As a representative client cache system, the performance of CacheFiles is limited by transition faults. Furthermore, CacheFiles just supports a simple LRU policy with a tightly-coupled design. To overcome these limitations, we propose to employ Stable Set Model （SSM） to improve CacheFiles and design an enhanced CacheFiles, SAC. SSM assumes that data access can be decomposed to access on some stable sets, in which elements are always repeatedly accessed or not accessed together. Using SSM methods can improve the cache management and reduce the effect of transition faults. We also adopt loosely- coupled methods to design prefetch and replacement policies. We implement our scheme on Linux 2.6.32 and measure the execution time of the scheme with various file I/O benchmarks. Experiments show that SAC can significantly improve I/O performance and reduce execution time up to 84%0, compared with the existing CacheFiles.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the Hausdorff measure for level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued stable processes, and develop a means of seeking the exact Hausdorff measure function for level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued...In this paper, we investigate the Hausdorff measure for level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued stable processes, and develop a means of seeking the exact Hausdorff measure function for level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued stable processes. We show that the exact Hausdorff measure function of level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued symmetric stable processes of index α is Ф（r） = r^N-d/α （log log l/r）d/α when Nα 〉 d. In addition, we obtain a sharp lower bound for the Hausdorff measure of level sets of general （N, d, α） strictly stable processes.展开更多
X. Deng et al. proved Chvātal＇s conjecture on maximal stable sets and maximal cliques in graphs. G. Ding made a conjecture to generalize Chvátal＇s conjecture. The purpose of this paper is to prove this conject...X. Deng et al. proved Chvātal＇s conjecture on maximal stable sets and maximal cliques in graphs. G. Ding made a conjecture to generalize Chvátal＇s conjecture. The purpose of this paper is to prove this conjecture in planar graphs and the complement of planar graphs.展开更多
For any C;diffeomorphism on a smooth compact Riemannian manifold that admits an ergodic measure with positive entropy,a lower bound of the Hausdorff dimension for the local stable and unstable sets is given in terms o...For any C;diffeomorphism on a smooth compact Riemannian manifold that admits an ergodic measure with positive entropy,a lower bound of the Hausdorff dimension for the local stable and unstable sets is given in terms of the measure-theoretic entropy and the maximal Lyapunov exponent.The main line of our approach to this result is under the setting of topological dynamical systems,which is also applicable to infinite-dimensional C;dynamical systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473544).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to develop a core outcome set(COS)for use in future studies of stable angina pectoris(SAP)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Systematic literature reviews and qualitative interviews with cardiologists and patients with SAP treated using TCM were conducted to generate a set of outcomes.Outcomes were prioritized by stakeholders via two rounds of an online Delphi survey and face-to-face consensus meetings.Following the final consensus meeting,a final COS was generated.Results:An initial set of 324 outcomes was identified.A preliminary list of 65 outcomes was employed in the Delphi study.In total,223 participants from seven stakeholder groups were invited to score outcomes in the first Delphi round:87 completed round 1 and 47 completed round 2.Thirty-one participants attended the consensus meeting and agreed on a final core set of outcomes comprising six items across four domains:frequency of angina attack,duration of angina attack,Seattle angina questionnaire,total exercise duration in the exercise treadmill test,cardiovascular events,and QT interval on electrocardiography.Conclusions:The COS developed in this study provides the minimum requirements for measurement and reporting in future TCM clinical trials for the treatment of SAP.The employment of this COS may reduce heterogeneity across trials and facilitate evidencebased decision-making for stakeholders.
文摘In this paper, the definition of weak dominance is proposed for a NTU game and two new solution concepts of NTU games are introduced: the refined core and weakly stable set. The relationship is explored among the core, the weakly stable set and the refined core.
文摘Agriculture is an important foundation of China’s socio-economic development. To secure the sound development of modern agriculture in the 21st century, the supply of fertilizers such as potassium is a key factor. Owing to the limited arable land in China, a vital measure to feed the country’s increasing population is the augmentation of fertilizers so as to gain higher per unit area grain yields. At present, for a fairly long time to come, additional fertilizer resources will mainly come from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. But there is a severe application disproportion between nitroge-
基金Sponsored bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China(60375014) the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(Y2002G16)
文摘In brder to study the contradiction problem of multilayer multidimensional complex systems, the concepts of extension field and stable field of intersection and union of multilayer multidimensional extension set are given. Then the related operations and properties are discussed. The results of study expand the concepts of intersection and union of extension set to a general situation, and provide the theoretical basis for production of the concepts of intersection and union of multilayer multidimensional matter element system extension set. In this way, it will be possible that matter element system theory is used to creative designs of complex systems.
基金supported by the National Basic Research 973 Program of China under Grant No.2011CB302304the National HighTechnology Research and Development 863 Program of China under Grant Nos.2011AA01A102,2013AA013201 and 2013AA013205+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No.XDA06010401the Chinese Academyof Sciences Key Deployment project under Grant No.KGZD-EW-103-5(7)
文摘Client cache is an important technology for the optimization of distributed and centralized storage systems. As a representative client cache system, the performance of CacheFiles is limited by transition faults. Furthermore, CacheFiles just supports a simple LRU policy with a tightly-coupled design. To overcome these limitations, we propose to employ Stable Set Model （SSM） to improve CacheFiles and design an enhanced CacheFiles, SAC. SSM assumes that data access can be decomposed to access on some stable sets, in which elements are always repeatedly accessed or not accessed together. Using SSM methods can improve the cache management and reduce the effect of transition faults. We also adopt loosely- coupled methods to design prefetch and replacement policies. We implement our scheme on Linux 2.6.32 and measure the execution time of the scheme with various file I/O benchmarks. Experiments show that SAC can significantly improve I/O performance and reduce execution time up to 84%0, compared with the existing CacheFiles.
基金Supported partly by the NNSF of China(Nos.10371092,10171015 and No.10271027)
文摘In this paper, we investigate the Hausdorff measure for level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued stable processes, and develop a means of seeking the exact Hausdorff measure function for level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued stable processes. We show that the exact Hausdorff measure function of level sets of N-parameter Rd-valued symmetric stable processes of index α is Ф（r） = r^N-d/α （log log l/r）d/α when Nα 〉 d. In addition, we obtain a sharp lower bound for the Hausdorff measure of level sets of general （N, d, α） strictly stable processes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10671081)self-determined research funds of CCNU09Y01005 and CCNU09Y01018 from the colleges’ basic research and operation of MOE
文摘X. Deng et al. proved Chvātal＇s conjecture on maximal stable sets and maximal cliques in graphs. G. Ding made a conjecture to generalize Chvátal＇s conjecture. The purpose of this paper is to prove this conjecture in planar graphs and the complement of planar graphs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11701394)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11971455 and 11731003)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11671279 and 11541003)。
文摘For any C;diffeomorphism on a smooth compact Riemannian manifold that admits an ergodic measure with positive entropy,a lower bound of the Hausdorff dimension for the local stable and unstable sets is given in terms of the measure-theoretic entropy and the maximal Lyapunov exponent.The main line of our approach to this result is under the setting of topological dynamical systems,which is also applicable to infinite-dimensional C;dynamical systems.
