《摧毁式力量：数字时代国家政权的危机》Disruptive Power: The Crisis of the State in the Digital Age (Oxford Studies in Digital Politics) 1st on

一切坚固的都在烟消云散，尤其是为我们生活中提供最根本保障的那个国家机器，如今陷入危机边缘。泰勒?欧文（TaylorOwen）用3年时间完成了《破坏性力量：数字时代国家政权的危机》一书，为我们剖析了互联网与国家这对冤家的爱恨情仇，展示了数字技术和国际关系的复杂关系。本书从2012年美国联手各国情报机构针对“匿名者”的反击开篇，分析了互联网对于传统权力机构的冲击：政治、外交、经济、媒体控制、人道主义救援、战争等多个方面，这些基础性权力机构遭到削弱和破坏，使得民众以及全球秩序置身于新的危险境地。国家和传统组织机构必须做出根本性的改变以适应变化，积极主动应对挑战，毕竟国家和传统大型组织仍然掌控着人类社会巨大的政治、经济和控制权力。

Test analysis of detection of damage to a complicated spatial model structure

A two-stage damage detection approach is proposed and experimentally demonstrated on a complicated spatial model structure with a limited number of measurements. In the experiment,five known damage patterns,including 3 brace damage cases and 2 joint damage cases,were simulated by removing braces and weakening beam鈥揷olumn connections in the structure. The limited acceleration response data generated by hammer impact were used for system identification,and modal parameters were extracted by using the eigensystem realization algorithm. In the first stage,the possible damaged locations are determined by using the damage index and the characteristics of the analytical model itself,and the extent of damage for those substructures identified at stage I is estimated in the second stage by using a second-order eigen-sensitivity approximation method. The main contribution of this paper is to test the two-stage method by using the real dynamic data of a complicated spatial model structure with limited sensors. The analysis results indicate that the two-stage approach is ableto detect the location of both damage cases,only the severity of brace damage cases can be assessed,and the reasonable analytical model is critical for successful damage detection.

Exploring the Gap:the Influence of Chair-CEO Age Dissimilarity on CEO Monitoring and Incentives

This paper investigates how the chair-CEO age dissimilarity and CEO power affect the dispersion and change of chair-CEO pay gap from both static and dynamic perspectives.The substantial age dissimilarity between the chairman and the CEO gives rise to cognitive conflict,thereby increasing board monitoring for firms with greater monitoring needs.Using data of China s listed firms from 2009 to 2017,we find a significant negative effect of CEO power on pay gap between the chairman and the CEO.In addition,when CEO is a member of the board or compensation committee,the power of CEO has different influences on the compensation,but the cognitive conflicts caused by chair-CEO age dissimilarity always inhibit the CEO s power.Thus,age dissimilarity has become an important complement to the board s regulatory mechanisms.

黄蚬(Corbicula aurea Heude)繁殖的研究

黄蚬隶属于直瓣鳃目、蚬科、蚬属,是我国特有种类。通过对黄蚬性腺发育分期及周年变化、温度对胚胎发育的影响、产卵力、性成熟等问题的研究,以期为明确蚬属种类的生物学地位提供一定依据。

Age-of-information-aware PI controller for load frequency control

Open communication system in modern power systems brings concern about information staleness which may cause power system frequency instability.The information staleness is often characterized by communication delay.However,communication delay is a packet-centered metric and cannot reflect the requirement of information freshness for load frequency control(LFC).This paper introduces the age of information(AoI),which is more compre-hensive and informative than the conventional communication delay modeling method.An LFC controller and com-munication are integrated into the design for LFC performance improvement.An AoI-aware LFC model is formulated first,and considering each allowable update period of the smart sensor,different AoI-aware PI controllers are then designed according to the exponential decay rate.The right AoI-aware controller and update period are selected according to the degree of frequency fluctuation of the power system.Case studies are carried out on one-area and two-area power systems.The results show the superior performance of the AoI-aware controllers in comparison to the delay-dependent controllers.

Deep Analysis of Power Equipment Defects Based on Semantic Framework Text Mining Technology

Defect factors and their relevant rules can be analyzed in depth by processing defect records which are often expressed in the form of text data.However,considering that defect text consists of both structured and unstructured data,it is necessary to excavate structured information from unstructured data.In this paper,a text mining method based on semantic framework technology is introduced to transform unstructured defect description into structured information such as components and defect attributes.Then,a deep analyzing model of a power equipment defect is established,which provides a scheme of defect mining based on historical defect texts.Case studies prove that the proposed deep analysis method has a guiding significance for equipment upgrading,selection and maintenance.

The Development of Aerobic and Anaerobic Fitness with Reference to Youth Athletes

Purpose To challenge current conventions in paediatric sport science and use data from recent longitudinal studies to elu-cidate the development of aerobic and anaerobic fitness,with reference to youth athletes.Methods(1)To critically review the traditional practice of ratio scaling physiological variables with body mass and,(2)to use multiplicative allometric models of longitudinal data,founded on 1053(550 from boys)determinations of 10-17-year-olds’peak oxygen uptake(VO2)and 763(405 from boys)determinations of 11-17-year-olds’peak power output(PP)and mean power output(MP),to investigate the development of aerobic and anaerobic fitness in youth.Results The statistical assumptions underpinning ratio scaling of physiological variables in youth are seldom met.Multiplicative allometric modelling of longitudinal data has demonstrated that fat free mass(FFM)acting as a surrogate for active muscle mass,is the most powerful morphological influence on PP,MP,and peak VO2.With FFM appropriately controlled for,age effects remain significant but additional,independent effects of maturity status on anaerobic and aerobic fitness are negated.Conclusions Ratio scaling of physiological variables with body mass is fallacious,confounds interpretation of the develop-ment of anaerobic and aerobic fitness,and misleads fitness comparisons within and across youth sports.Rigorous evalua-tion of the development of anaerobic and aerobic fitness in youth requires longitudinal analyses of sex-specific,concurrent changes in age-and maturation-driven morphological covariates.Age and maturation-driven changes in FFM are essential considerations when evaluating the physiological development of youth athletes.