An investigation of girder bridges on National Highway 213 and the Doujiangyan-Wenchuan expressway after the Wenchuan earthquake showed that typical types of damage included： span collapses due to unseating at expans...An investigation of girder bridges on National Highway 213 and the Doujiangyan-Wenchuan expressway after the Wenchuan earthquake showed that typical types of damage included： span collapses due to unseating at expansion joints; shear key failure; and damage of the expansion joint due to the slide-induced large relative displacement between the bottom of the girder and the top of the laminated-rubber bearing. This slide, however, can actually act as a form of isolation for the substructure, and as a result, the piers and foundation of most of the bridges on state route 213 suffered minor damage. The exception was the Baihua Bridge, which suffered severe damage. Corresponding seismic design recommendations are presented based on this investigation.展开更多
In this paper, damages and annealing effects of X,Y and Z cut LiNbO-3 implanted by 350keV high energy Ti (1.5 x 10<sup>17</sup> / cm<sup>2</sup>) are studied. The surface damages of X,Y cut pla...In this paper, damages and annealing effects of X,Y and Z cut LiNbO-3 implanted by 350keV high energy Ti (1.5 x 10<sup>17</sup> / cm<sup>2</sup>) are studied. The surface damages of X,Y cut plates are nearly amorphous, but the surface damage of Z cut does not reach saturation. Radiation damage is mainly due to Nb moving atoms and Ti atoms occupy the interstitial sites. By annealing the sample at 1000℃, most damage is removed from the boundary between implanted layer and LiNbO<sub>3</sub> base to surface.展开更多
On 3 August 2014, the Ludian earthquake struck northwest Yunnan Province with a surface wave magnitude of 6.5. This moderate earthquake unexpectedly caused high fatalities and great economic loss. Four strong motion s...On 3 August 2014, the Ludian earthquake struck northwest Yunnan Province with a surface wave magnitude of 6.5. This moderate earthquake unexpectedly caused high fatalities and great economic loss. Four strong motion stations were located in the areas with intensity V, VI, VII and IX, near the epicentre. The characteristics of the ground motion are discussed herein, including 1） ground motion was strong at a period of less than 1.4 s, which covered the natural vibration period of a large number of structures; and 2） the release energy was concentrated geographically. Based on materials collected during emergency building inspections, the damage patterns of adobe, masonry, timber frame and reinforced concrete （RC） frame structures in areas with different intensities are summarised. Earthquake damage matrices of local buildings are also given for fragility evaluation and earthquake damage prediction. It is found that the collapse ratios of RC frame and confined masonry structures based on the new design code are significantly lower than non-seismic buildings. However, the RC frame structures still failed to achieve the ＇strong column, weak beam＇ design target. Traditional timber frame structures with a light infill wall showed good aseismic performance.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation Under Grant No.50578118
文摘An investigation of girder bridges on National Highway 213 and the Doujiangyan-Wenchuan expressway after the Wenchuan earthquake showed that typical types of damage included： span collapses due to unseating at expansion joints; shear key failure; and damage of the expansion joint due to the slide-induced large relative displacement between the bottom of the girder and the top of the laminated-rubber bearing. This slide, however, can actually act as a form of isolation for the substructure, and as a result, the piers and foundation of most of the bridges on state route 213 suffered minor damage. The exception was the Baihua Bridge, which suffered severe damage. Corresponding seismic design recommendations are presented based on this investigation.
文摘In this paper, damages and annealing effects of X,Y and Z cut LiNbO-3 implanted by 350keV high energy Ti (1.5 x 10<sup>17</sup> / cm<sup>2</sup>) are studied. The surface damages of X,Y cut plates are nearly amorphous, but the surface damage of Z cut does not reach saturation. Radiation damage is mainly due to Nb moving atoms and Ti atoms occupy the interstitial sites. By annealing the sample at 1000℃, most damage is removed from the boundary between implanted layer and LiNbO<sub>3</sub> base to surface.
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2014B-01China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2013M531083+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hei Longjiang Province of China under Grant No.LC2012C32National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.513085115150853551208234
文摘On 3 August 2014, the Ludian earthquake struck northwest Yunnan Province with a surface wave magnitude of 6.5. This moderate earthquake unexpectedly caused high fatalities and great economic loss. Four strong motion stations were located in the areas with intensity V, VI, VII and IX, near the epicentre. The characteristics of the ground motion are discussed herein, including 1） ground motion was strong at a period of less than 1.4 s, which covered the natural vibration period of a large number of structures; and 2） the release energy was concentrated geographically. Based on materials collected during emergency building inspections, the damage patterns of adobe, masonry, timber frame and reinforced concrete （RC） frame structures in areas with different intensities are summarised. Earthquake damage matrices of local buildings are also given for fragility evaluation and earthquake damage prediction. It is found that the collapse ratios of RC frame and confined masonry structures based on the new design code are significantly lower than non-seismic buildings. However, the RC frame structures still failed to achieve the ＇strong column, weak beam＇ design target. Traditional timber frame structures with a light infill wall showed good aseismic performance.
