A systematic study of Erzhu Erchen decoction against damp-heat internalized type 2 diabetes based on data mining and experimental verification

Background:Erzhu Erchen decoction(EZECD),which is based on Erchen decoction and enhanced with Atractylodes lancea and Atractylodes macrocephala,is widely used for the treatment of dampness and heat(The clinical manifestations of Western medicine include thirst,inability to drink more,diarrhea,yellow urine,red tongue,et al.)internalized disease.Nevertheless,the mechanism of EZECD on damp-heat internalized Type 2 diabetes(T2D)remains unknown.We employed data mining,pharmacology databases and experimental verification to study how EZECD treats damp-heat internalized T2D.Methods:The main compounds or genes of EZECD and damp-heat internalized T2D were obtained from the pharmacology databases.Succeeding,the overlapped targets of EZECD and damp-heat internalized T2D were performed by the Gene Ontology,kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis.And the compound-disease targets-pathway network were constructed to obtain the hub compound.Moreover,the hub genes and core related pathways were mined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis based on Gene Expression Omnibus database,the capability of hub compound and genes was valid in AutoDock 1.5.7.Furthermore,and violin plot and gene set enrichment analysis were performed to explore the role of hub genes in damp-heat internalized T2D.Finally,the interactions of hub compound and genes were explored using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:First,herb-compounds-genes-disease network illustrated that the hub compound of EZECD for damp-heat internalized T2D could be quercetin.Consistently,the hub genes were CASP8,CCL2,and AHR according to weighted gene co-expression network analysis.Molecular docking showed that quercetin could bind with the hub genes.Further,gene set enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology represented that CASP8,or CCL2,is negatively involved in insulin secretion response to the TNF or lipopolysaccharide process,and AHR or CCL2 positively regulated lipid and atherosclerosis,and/or including NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,and TNF signaling pathway.Ultimately,the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis showed that quercetin could down-regulated the mRNA and protein experssion of CASP8,CCL2,and AHR.It was consistent with the results in Comparative Toxicogenomics Database databases.Conclusion:These results demonstrated quercetin could inhibit the expression of CASP8,CCL2,AHR in damp-heat internalized T2D,which improves insulin secretion and inhibits lipid and atherosclerosis,as well as/or including NOD-like receptor signaling pathway,and TNF signaling pathway,suggesting that EZECD may be more effective to treat damp-heat internalized T2D.

The role of endothelial biomarkers in predicting damp-heat syndrome in diabetic kidney disease

Objective:To explore the role of endothelial biomarkers in predicting damp-heat syndrome in diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods:A total of 183 patients with DKD were divided into 3 groups:the early DKD group,established DKD group,and advanced DKD group.All patients were classified according to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome type,and clinical indexes were collected for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 183 DKD patients were included in this study.Fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23),chitinase-3-like protein 1(CHI3L1),endocan,tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor(SLPI),and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)were increased in advanced DKD.FGF23,CHI3L1,endocan,SLPI,and TNFR1 showed a negative correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),while they had a positive correlation with 24 h urine protein.After adjusting for age,gender,diabetes duration,body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin,glucose,uric acid,24 h urine protein,cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein,and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),the multiple regression analysis showed that FGF23,endocan,TNFR1,and SLPI significantly correlated with eGFR.Conclusions:FGF23,endocan,TNFR1,and SLPI are elevated in advanced DKD compared with early stage,and they may take part in the pathogenesis and progression of DKD.Our study provides useful biomarkers for predicting the appearance of damp-heat syndrome,including FGF23,endocan,TNFR1,and SLPI.

中医药治疗溃疡性结肠炎研究进展

慢性非特异性溃性结肠炎 (以下简称溃结 )是一种以腹痛、腹泻、黏液血便、里急后重为主要临床表现的原因不明的炎症性大肠疾病。据其临床症状“溃结”应属中医学的“肠氵辟”、“痢疾”、“泄泻”等病症范畴。本病病程漫长 ,病情轻重不一 ,反复发作 ,治愈难度大 ,为现代难治病、多发病之一。由于该病的病因病机尚不十分清楚 ,西医治疗多使用抗生素、免疫抑制剂、激素及外科手术 ,同时注意休息与饮食调节等 ,但疗效不够满意 ,且有不同的副作用。近几年来 ,中医药在治疗“溃结”中显示出优势 ,疗效肯定 ,用药安全 。

他克莫司软膏联合口服中药治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎临床观察

目的:评价单纯外用他克莫司软膏和外用他克莫司软膏联合口服中药治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎的临床疗效。方法:将60例患者随机分成单纯外用他克莫司软膏治疗组和外用他克莫司软膏联合口服中药治疗组,两组患者分别于治疗后进行临床疗效评估及治疗结束后进行4周随访观察。结果:4周治疗结束时,单纯西药治疗组的有效率为73.2%,中西药联合治疗组的有效率为93.3%,两组疗效差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:外用他克莫司软膏联合口服中药治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎优于单纯外用他克莫司软膏治疗。

茶叶内含物质与外源污染物在冲泡过程中的浸出规律

在收集相关文献的基础上,总结分析茶叶内含物质、农药残留与金属元素在茶汤中的浸出规律。化合物的理化性质和茶叶冲泡方法是影响浸出率的内因和外因,其中内因起着决定性作用。茶汤中化合物浸出率与水溶解度呈正相关,与辛醇-水分配系数(辛醇/水)呈负相关。冲泡水温升高能显著提高茶叶内含物质与外源污染物的浸出率及其在茶汤中的浓度,冲泡时间与化合物浸出速率呈负相关,但随着时间增加,茶汤中化合物的浓度显著提高。新烟碱类农药和氨基甲酸酯类农药浸出率较高,大部分农药浸出率高于60%。金属元素在茶汤中的浸出率研究结果相差较大,氟、镍、钴在茶汤中浸出率较高,达到50%以上,铅的浸出率在20%~50%。基于质谱分析代谢组学技术将在茶叶冲泡过程的化学物质浸出规律研究中发挥重要作用,热力学理论基础和传质动力学模型将有利于更深层面认识外源有害物质在茶汤中的浸出行为。

酿造业提升内部控制的内在逻辑与实现路径

发展酿造业能够延伸农业产业链,提高农产品附加值,能有效促进产业融合,助推乡村振兴战略有效实施。通过对650家酿造企业实地调研,结果显示部分酿造企业内部控制制度制定的不健全、内部机构不完善,沟通受到限制,致使各业务环节对接不畅,无法实现信息共享,管理人员无法掌握基础的一手资料和信息,企业整体运行效率下降,经济效益不高,带动能力不强,制约乡村振兴战略目标实现。结合组织行为理论,沿着制度的“健全性-符合性-有效性”的思路,采取多元联动方式,构建符合酿造企业经营流程的内部控制制度并保证有效运行,提高内部管理效率,促进经济效益增加,促使一、二、三产业有效融合,推动乡村振兴战略实施。

不同冲泡时间对雷山银球茶色香味的影响

目的 研究不同冲泡时间对雷山银球茶色香味的影响。方法 通过色差计、电子鼻技术及理化分析分别获得冲泡后茶汤色差值、香气及内含物质的变化。将色香味值与感官审评相结合,探究银球茶最佳冲泡时间。结果 冲泡时间6min时,茶多酚与氨基酸含量高而酚氨比低,比值为2.53,味感浓而鲜,有回甘;随冲泡时间增加,茶汤色度值(L~*、a~*、b~*)增加,汤色明亮度L~*值变化范围为92.81~92.89,差异小,茶汤绿黄度(a~*、b~*)值均升高,5 min时,b~*/a~*比值最高,为|-63.5|,6 min最低为|-29.55|,表明6 min较其他冲泡时间茶汤绿度特征显,与感官审评结果相符合。电子鼻数据的主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)结果表明,不同冲泡时间茶叶香气有差异,其中第一主成分贡献率为61.6%,第二主成分贡献率是30.0%,总贡献率为91.6%。Loadings分析及电导比(G/G0)的总值变化表明香气类型及总量呈现先增加后下降趋势,6 min时香气类型最多且物质含量最丰富。R6 (W1S)感应器的G/G0=11.669最大,即对香气成分中烷类反应最灵敏,其次分别R9 (W2W)感应器(芳烃化合物、硫的有机化合物,G/G0=9.018)、R2 (W5S)感应器(氮氧化物,G/G0=8.908)、R7(硫化合物)及R8感应器(醇、部分芳香族化合物)。结论 结合色香味综合分析,6 min可作为银球茶最佳的冲泡时间。