Low Gilbert damping in Bi/In-doped YIG thin films with giant Faraday effect

Magnetic films with low Gilbert damping are crucial for magnonic devices,which provide a promising platform forrealizing ultralow-energy devices.In this study,low Gilbert damping and coercive field were observed in Bi/In-dopedyttrium iron garnet(BiIn:YIG)thin films.The BiIn:YIG(444)films were deposited onto different substrates using pulsedlaser deposition.Low coercivity(<1 Oe)with saturation magnetization of 125.09 emu/cc was achieved along the in-planedirection of BiIn:YIG film.The values of Gilbert damping and inhomogeneous broadening of ferromagnetic resonance inBiIn:YIG films were obtained to be as low as 4.05×10^(-4)and 5.62 Oe,respectively.In addition to low damping,the giantFaraday rotation angles(up to 2.9×10^(4)deg/cm)were also observed in the BiIn:YIG film.By modifying the magneticstructure and coupling effect between Bi^(3+)and Fe^(3+)of Bi:YIG,doped In^(3+)plays a key role on variation of the magneticproperties.The low damping and giant Faraday effect made the BiIn:YIG film an appealing candidate for magnonic andmagneto-optical devices.

Loss of energy dissipation capacity from the deadzone in linear and nonlinear viscous damping devices

In a viscous damping device under cyclic loading, after the piston reaches a peak stroke, the reserve movement that follows may sometimes experience a short period of delayed or significantly reduced device force output. A similar delay or reduced device force output may also occur at the damper＇s initial stroke as it moves away from its neutral position. This phenomenon is referred to as the effect of ＂deadzone＂. The deadzone can cause a loss of energy dissipation capacity and less efficient vibration control. It is prominent in small amplitude vibrations. Although there are many potential causes of deadzone such as environmental factors, construction, material aging, and manufacture quality, in this paper, its general effect in linear and nonlinear viscous damping devices is analyzed. Based on classical dynamics and damping theory, a simple model is developed to capture the effect ofdeadzone in terms of the loss of energy dissipation capacity. The model provides several methods to estimate the loss of energy dissipation within the deadzone in linear and sublinear viscous fluid dampers. An empirical equation of loss of energy dissipation capacity versus deadzone size is formulated, and the equivalent reduction of effective damping in SDOF systems has been obtained. A laboratory experimental evaluation is carried out to verify the effect of deadzone and its numerical approximation. Based on the analysis, a modification is suggested to the corresponding formulas in FEMA 3 5 6 for calculation of equivalent damping if a deadzone is to be considered.

Mechanism of electro-hydraulic exciter for new tamping device

A new tamping device which is driven by an electrohydraulic exciter was proposed to overcome the limitations of mechanically driven devices.The double-rod oscillation cylinder drives the tamping arm to realize vibration.A new spin valve was designed in order to fulfill dynamic state requirements of the oscillation cylinder.Parametric analysis was carried out by establishing mathematic model.Then,the relationships among the structure of valve port and the frequency,amplitude,output shock force of the cylinder were researched.An experimental device of the electrohydraulic exciter was established to validate the theoretical results.The signals were acquired by AVANT dynamic signal analyser of vibration.The results show that new tamping device can satisfy all kinds of complex working conditions with the flexible adjustment of frequency and amplitude.

Theoretical and experimental research on a new system of semi-active structural control with variable stiffness and damping

In this paper,a new system of semi active structural control with active variable stiffness and damping (AVSD) is suggested.This new system amplifies the structural displacement to dissipate more energy,and in turn,effectively reduces the structural response in the case of relatively small story drifts,which occur during earthquakes.A predictive instantaneous optimal control algorithm is established for a SDOF structure equipped with an AVSD system Comparative shaking table tests of a 1/4 scale single story structural model with a full scale control device have been conducted.From the experimental and analytical results,it is shown that when compared to structures without control or with the active variable stiffness control alone, the suggested system exhibits higher efficiency in controlling the structural response,requires less energy input,operates with higher reliability,and can be manufactured at a lower cost and used in a wider range of engineering applications.

Research on Devices for Dividing Balls with Fluid

The methods of dividing balls equally among ball bearings to install the bearing retainer is briefly introduced in this paper, and the insufficiency of traditional methods is pointed out. A novel kind of non-contact type of dividing ball method is proposed, according to the principle theory.

Development of rocking constraint device with vertical damping capacity for three-dimensional base-isolated frame structures

A new rocking constraint device(RCD)is developed for three-dimensional(3D)base-isolated frame structures by connecting a custom-designed cylinder pair to provide vertical damping with replaceable damping components installed outside the cylinders when the superstructure undergoes translational motion,and rocking constraint capacity when the superstructure is susceptible to rocking.Theoretical formulas for calculating the damping and rocking constraint stiffness of the RCD are proposed.Two series of sinusoidal loading tests are conducted at different loading frequencies and amplitudes to verify the damping and rocking constraint performance of the RCD.The test results show that the cylinder without orifices on its piston can provide the desired damping with a replaceable damping component,and that the RCD can effectively suppress rocking.Although the vertical stiffness of an individual cylinder is affected by the location of the replaceable damping component and loading frequency,the average vertical stiffness of the two cylinders,which determines the rocking constraint stiffness of the RCD,is independent of the two factors.Comparisons of the test and theoretical results indicate that the errors of the proposed formulas for calculating the damping and rocking constraint stiffness of the RCD do not exceed 12.9%and 11.0%,respectively.

蔬菜泡沫育苗盘多适应性自动叠盘装置设计与试验

为了提高蔬菜育苗流水线育苗盘转运效率,针对人工取盘叠放存在的劳动强度大和整齐度偏低的问题,设计了一款针对蔬菜漂浮育苗的多适应性自动叠盘装置。该装置由机架、育苗盘输送机构、育苗盘叠盘机构和控制系统组成,装置以200Smart PLC为控制核心,利用主副传送带实现育苗盘的输送,并结合光电传感器实现育苗盘的定位,可以完成不同尺寸泡沫育苗盘的自动叠盘,设计的水平调节单元和减振单元可实现育苗盘在叠盘机构上的水平位置调节并降低叠盘过程的振动冲击。试验结果表明,育苗流水线播种环节在生产率450盘/h下,自动叠盘装置在减振弹簧线径为1.5 mm、主副传送带速度差为0.1 m/s以及电缸升降速度为0.13 m/s时,200孔穴育苗盘叠盘效果最佳,叠盘成功率为100%,叠盘错位差方差为2.32 mm^(2),同时振动检测试验中育苗盘X轴、Y轴、Z轴方向的振幅均未超过0.8 mm,更换135、160孔穴的泡沫育苗盘进行试验,叠盘成功率均为100%,叠盘错位差方差分别为3.94 mm^(2)和5.98 mm^(2),说明该装置满足多适应性的要求。在此最优作业参数下,将育苗流水线播种环节生产率提升至900盘/h时,育苗盘最大振幅为0.709 mm,振幅无明显变化,说明该装置作业稳定性较好。该研究结果可为播种流水线叠盘装置提高叠盘效果和降低叠盘振动等研究提供参考。

隔震装置阻尼机构的参数设计与振动台试验

为了改善浮放物体隔震装置中阻尼力的施加方式,研制出一款阻尼机构。对其构造和工作机理进行阐述,推导出了它的力学特征表达式,并验证了分析模型的准确性。结合某文物隔震装置的目标性能,利用数值方法对阻尼机构的参数进行设计,并对比振动台试验。结果表明:该阻尼机构结构简单,性能稳定;经阻尼参数优化后的隔震装置在满足位移限值的情况下达到了设定的隔震目标;试验与数值分析结果相吻合,证明了阻尼机构参数设计的正确性,同时也检验了隔震装置的安装和运行质量。其中,试验与数值分析结果的吻合程度,尤其是位移时程曲线的吻合程度,可为浮放物体隔震装置的方案对比和质量评估提供思路。

双磁场控制的磁流变减震结构振动台试验研究

传统磁流变减隔振器通常由线圈持续供电,不仅增大耗能,也会减少器件的使用寿命。基于磁流变凝胶(MRG)的剪切工作原理,运用剪切型结构设计一种新型磁流变凝胶减震装置,采用永磁体和线圈共同控制磁场大小和方向,通过改变磁流变凝胶的磁化程度实现阻尼力大小的控制。将该装置安装在一2层钢框架结构模型的底层,采用恒定电流控制法开展磁流变减震结构振动台试验研究,分析不同电流下减震结构系统对不同地震波的振动控制效果。试验结果表明:该磁流变凝胶减震装置能够显著降低结构的动力响应,对于不同的地震波其减震效果有所差异,随着峰值加速度的增加其减震效果有所下降。

新型万向球摆式隔震装置的设计与应用

针对浮放物体防震保护的迫切需求,研发了一款基于万向球的摆式隔震装置。首先介绍了它的构造特征与运行原理,并以某陈列佛塔为对象进行方案设计,利用有限元软件模拟万向球与圆盘间的接触关系,评估该装置的承载能力;然后通过试验验证了内部阻尼机构力学模型的准确性,采用时程分析法检验了该装置在8度极罕遇地震作用下的隔震效果,并与传统滑动摩擦摆的减震性能进行了对比。结果表明,该隔震装置不仅结构简单、性能可靠,而且具有摩擦系数低,起滑加速度阈值小,阻尼灵活可调的特点。装置中的点面接触具有一定的承载能力,能够满足设计需求。端部设置黏滞阻尼器的阻尼机构表现出明显的速度相关性,阻尼力会随速度的增大而增大。该装置隔震性能良好,在满足位移限值的情况下达到了设定的隔震目标,而且相比于传统型,在位移和加速度响应均需兼顾的情况下,通过合理调整阻尼机构的性能参数,该装置在各地震工况中能够取得更优的综合隔震效果。

车端侧滚减振装置对高速双层动车组动力学性能的影响分析

双层动车组设置较大的二系横向阻尼来抑制一次蛇行引起的共振,而较大的二系横向阻尼会使车辆的横向平稳性变差。针对某型高速双层动车组横向平稳性差的问题,基于车端侧滚减振装置的工作原理建立了车端侧滚减振装置在车体滚摆和摇头运动状态下的数学模型,并将AMEsim软件中建立的减振器仿真模型与台架试验进行验证。最后通过建立车端侧滚减振装置与被试车辆的联合仿真模型,在不改变车辆现有悬挂参数的基础上对车端侧滚减振装置的关键参数进行优化选取。仿真结果表明,车端侧滚减振装置可以在不影响车辆垂向平稳性、保证曲线运行安全性的前提下有效改善双层动车组的横向平稳性。

形状记忆合金自复位减振装置研制与验证

为改善第二喉道中的可调中心体机构(简称中心体)在工作状态下的流致振动,根据形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy,SMA)偏置双程驱动原理,设计制作一种能够满足中心体有限安装空间要求的SMA自复位减振装置;采用UMAT接口编制的SMA本构关系子程序实现减振装置最大压紧力的数值分析,数值分析与静态调试试验结果误差约为2.58%;搭建地面减振试验平台,测试SMA自复位减振装置分离和闭合状态下的中心体零部件振动响应。减振试验结果显示:SMA自复位减振装置闭合后,中心体振动响应明显降低,在0~100 Hz频带内,均有明显的减振效果,低频至55 Hz范围内,减振率均大于50%。

磁阻式越野滑雪专项训练反馈系统阻尼装置的设计与研究

为填补我国在越野滑雪训练器材研发与应用领域的空白,解决各类越野滑雪训练器材体积大、质量重、不便携以及难以实施训练质量监控等问题,目标研发磁阻式越野滑雪专项训练反馈系统。通过文献资料法、对比研究法和实验法等,围绕风阻、水阻、磁阻三类主要的训练器阻尼模式,对越野滑雪专项训练反馈系统中的阻尼装置进行设计。经过实验测试,以磁阻为越野滑雪专项训练反馈系统的主要阻尼方式,采取手动螺栓的方式进行变阻调节,大多数部件的材质选择不锈钢,以此实现体积小、质量轻、结构简单、结实耐用以及成本低等要求。建议后续进一步优化阻尼装置的功率测试实验,尝试利用弹簧拨片的方式进行快速阻力调节,定期对器材做好润滑及日常维护保养。

基于多类型换流设备的受端电网耦合鲁棒阻尼控制策略

针对混合级联直流馈入与柔性输电设备密集接入的受端电网,为增强其特定振荡模式的阻尼,利用不同换流设备控制回路间的相互作用,提出了一种基于多输入多输出系统模型的耦合鲁棒阻尼控制器设计方法。根据主模比指标选取振荡抑制效果最佳的反馈信号作为控制器输入信号;利用总体最小二乘-旋转不变技术识别系统的振荡模式并辨识系统降阶模型;采用混合H_(2)/H_(∞)方法设计耦合鲁棒控制阻尼器。控制器采用平衡截断法进行降阶,兼具鲁棒性能与实际工程应用。混合级联直流与受端江苏电网互联系统的时域仿真结果表明,相比于传统超前-滞后控制器,耦合鲁棒阻尼控制器在多种扰动和故障下均能有效抑制低频振荡,使系统快速恢复稳定运行。

北京艺术中心灯杆摆动阻尼装置的研究与应用

在现代化高品质剧场中,开放式舞台的空间中灯杆多采用桁架构造,自动化灯具引起的灯杆摆动问题困扰着使用者,为了抑制这种摆动,北京艺术中心项目在多种方案中选择了一种新颖的处理方法,将一种摆动阻尼装置引进到项目里,通过实践证明可以有效地将摆动快速抑制,解决了对这一现象的困扰。

新型动力设备隔振减震器力学性能研究

隔振器可有效降低动力设备工作产生的高频振动,但低频地震下设备隔振器位移响应较大。将碟形弹簧和环形摩擦套筒分别作为竖向隔振和耗能单元,竖向耗能单元内设置振动间隙实现正常使用隔振和地震时减震的两阶段机制,形成一种新型动力设备隔振减震器。基于理论分析给出了隔振减震器的设计流程,并进行了算例设计,采用ABAQUS软件进行了隔振减震器的静力性能分析和动力设备整体系统的动力性能分析。结果表明:提出的隔振减震器及其系统的数值模拟与理论计算结果吻合较好;设计算例实现了设备正常工作时仅隔振、地震作用下耗能单元启动的两阶段隔振减震机制;竖向耗能单元使得设备竖向地震位移响应减小超过50%,水平向耗能单元使隔振减震器水平地震剪力减小超过80%,降低了隔振减震器地震倾覆和破坏的风险。

圆筒型FPSO减动装置选型设计及分析

以南海海域百年一遇的极端生存海况和十年一遇的工作海况作为设计输入条件,以垂荡运动抑制性能为主要考虑因素对带延伸筒体的圆筒型FPSO进行减动装置构型设计及分析。基于JONSWAP波浪谱,采用基于三维势流理论的水动力分析软件AQWA对带不同构型减动装置的圆筒型FPSO进行时域、频域分析,并对设计的系泊系统进行安全性校核,最后综合分析对最优减动装置进行构型选择。结果表明,减动装置构型Ⅰ(带间隙的环形矩形减动装置)拥有较好的水动力性能,是6种减动装置构型中最优的结构形式。

钢箱梁桁架式纵隔板疲劳开裂弹性阻尼支撑处治技术

针对钢箱梁桁架式纵隔板中出现的早发性、多发性、再发性疲劳开裂病害,分析桁架式纵隔板病害原因,基于能量法,提出将端部刚接斜腹杆变为端部铰接的弹性阻尼支撑处治技术。研制弹性阻尼支撑装置(Elastic-Damping Support Device,EDSD),将斜腹杆局部切除并安装EDSD,通过EDSD中设置的弹性阻尼单元耗散外部荷载输入结构的大部分能量,保障结构在长期车辆荷载等作用下的安全性和正常使用性能。结合某斜拉桥钢箱梁桁架式纵隔板疲劳开裂处治需求,开展了该处治技术实桥应用,并对其进行有限元分析及实桥监测。结果表明:钢箱梁内斜腹杆局部改造安装EDSD后可大幅降低斜腹杆应力水平,有效降低斜腹杆疲劳易损部位开裂风险,增加疲劳寿命;安装EDSD的斜腹杆上的既有裂缝均无扩展。

磁流变惯容器设计与性能分析

为了提高传统磁流变阻尼器在低频域的减振性能,提出了一种新型磁流变惯容器,包括变阻尼单元和惯容单元两部分,由磁流变阀、液压马达与飞轮等组成。利用活塞杆与缸筒的相对运动,实现变阻尼单元内的磁流变液在磁流变阀内往复流动,通过调控线圈上电流大小改变输出阻尼的大小;同时,实现油液推动液压马达输出轴及飞轮转动,输出器件的惯容特性。为提高磁流变阀内置通道的磁场利用率,提出了磁路设计优化方法,采用有限元方法对磁流变阀内部磁场强度进行仿真。结合磁场仿真与理论分析,设计并试制了样机,搭建了器件性能平台进行测试。结果表明,所设计器件能够表现出惯容特性,具有良好的阻尼可控性。

超导磁悬浮列车磁液复合减振装置承载特性研究

为提升超导磁悬浮列车的运行品质,提出了一种超导磁液复合减振装置,研究了超导磁液复合减振装置的结构和工作原理,给出了性能计算方法及流程,分析了不同场作用时的承载特性。研究得出随超导体数量的增加承载力变大,且存在一个最优的超导体数量值,为了获得高承载力应该保证永磁盘宽度与超导体直径基本相等,永磁盘厚度增加到一定值后承载力增加幅值变小;液氮润滑膜压力在超导体中心处有最大值,随着转速的增加液氮润滑膜厚度增加、温升提高;磁场和流场共同作用后可以降低液氮润滑膜的压力及温度,随着转速的升高可以大幅提升超导磁液复合减振装置的承载力。