Facilitating transparency in spinal cord injury studies using data standards and ontologies

Progress in developing robust therapies for spinal cord injury （SCI）, trau- matic brain injury （TBI） and peripheral nerve injury has been slow. A great deal has been learned over the past 30 years regarding both the intrinsic factors and the environmental factors that regulate axon growth, but this large body of information has not yet resulted in clinically available thera- peutics. This therapeutic bottleneck has many root causes, but a consensus is emerging that one contributing factor is a lack of standards for experi- mental design and reporting. The absence of reporting standards, and even of commonly accepted definitions of key words, also make data mining and bioinformatics analysis of neural plasticity and regeneration difficult, if not impossible. This short review will consider relevant background and poten- tial solutions to this problem in the axon regeneration domain.

Commentary on:“Facilitating transparency in spinal cord injury studies using data standards and ontologies”

Commentary Most would agree that providing comprehensive detail in scientific reporting is critical for the development of mean- ingful therapies and treatments for diseases. Such stellar practices 1） allow for reproduction of experiments to con- firm results, 2） promote thorough analyses of data, and 3） foster the incremental advancement of valid approaches. Unfortunately, most would also agree we have far to go to reach this vital goal （Hackam and Redelmeier, 2006; Prinz et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2014）.

Multi-mode process monitoring based on a novel weighted local standardization strategy and support vector data description

There are multiple operating modes in the real industrial process, and the collected data follow the complex multimodal distribution, so most traditional process monitoring methods are no longer applicable because their presumptions are that sampled-data should obey the single Gaussian distribution or non-Gaussian distribution. In order to solve these problems, a novel weighted local standardization(WLS) strategy is proposed to standardize the multimodal data, which can eliminate the multi-mode characteristics of the collected data, and normalize them into unimodal data distribution. After detailed analysis of the raised data preprocessing strategy, a new algorithm using WLS strategy with support vector data description(SVDD) is put forward to apply for multi-mode monitoring process. Unlike the strategy of building multiple local models, the developed method only contains a model without the prior knowledge of multi-mode process. To demonstrate the proposed method's validity, it is applied to a numerical example and a Tennessee Eastman(TE) process. Finally, the simulation results show that the WLS strategy is very effective to standardize multimodal data, and the WLS-SVDD monitoring method has great advantages over the traditional SVDD and PCA combined with a local standardization strategy(LNS-PCA) in multi-mode process monitoring.

Reflections on Applications of International Standards for Financial Data Exchange in China Securities and Futures Markets

1.1. Development of international data exchange standards in securities field Securities market involves a large number of participants, like investors, securities companies, exchanges, clearingcorporations and so on. Businesses among the participants are completed via data exchange. Therefore, the data exchange protocols serve an important factor to determine and promote the sate and rapid development of the securities market.

我国遗产型景区“平台(platform)+数据(data)+标准(standard)”管服体系构建初探

探索构建我国遗产型景区“平台(platform)+数据(data)+标准(standard)”管服体系是深入贯彻落实习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的二十大精神,推进科技治理体系和遗产型景区管理能力现代化发展的重要实践。随着文化旅游产业蓬勃发展,针对国家和地方遗产型景区管理现状,构建符合我国遗产型景区科技创新规律、适应遗产型景区新需求的科技创新管理体系,成为国家、省、市、区县中各类遗产型景区优化管理资源的重要途径。本文通过论述大数据、云计算、人工智能等相关技术,设计“横向到边、纵向到底”的总体建设思路,旨在构建统一标准、信息统筹、资源共享、监测预警、管理优化、决策支持等功能于一体的系统运行体系,为政府推动遗产型景区管理创新制定有效措施提出建议。

Obtaining 2D Soil Resistance Profiles from the Integration of Electrical Resistivity Data and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) Resistance Tests—Applications in Mass Movements Studies

In Brazil and various regions globally, the initiation of landslides is frequently associated with rainfall;yet the spatial arrangement of geological structures and stratification considerably influences landslide occurrences. The multifaceted nature of these influences makes the surveillance of mass movements a highly intricate task, requiring an understanding of numerous interdependent variables. Recent years have seen an emergence in scholarly research aimed at integrating geophysical and geotechnical methodologies. The conjoint examination of geophysical and geotechnical data offers an enhanced perspective into subsurface structures. Within this work, a methodology is proposed for the synchronous analysis of electrical resistivity geophysical data and geotechnical data, specifically those extracted from the Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT). This study involved a linear fitting process to correlate resistivity with N10/SPT N-values from DPL/SPT soundings, culminating in a 2D profile of N10/SPT N-values predicated on electrical profiles. The findings of this research furnish invaluable insights into slope stability by allowing for a two-dimensional representation of penetration resistance properties. Through the synthesis of geophysical and geotechnical data, this project aims to augment the comprehension of subsurface conditions, with potential implications for refining landslide risk evaluations. This endeavor offers insight into the formulation of more effective and precise slope management protocols and disaster prevention strategies.

Unexpected Twinning and Phase-Transition of the Indentation Standards, Their Transition Energies, and Scientific Dichotomy

The general use of aluminium as an indentation standard for the iteration of contact heights for the determination of ISO-14577 hardness and elastic modulus is challenged because of as yet not appreciated phase-changes in the physical force-depth standard curve that seemed to be secured by claims from 1992. The physical and mathematical analyses with closed formulas avoid the still world-wide standardized energy-law violation by not reserving 33.33% (h2 belief) (or 20% h3/2 physical law) of the loading force and thus energy for all not depth producing events but using 100% for the depth formation is a severe violation of the energy law. The not depth producing part of the indentation work cannot be done with zero energy! Both twinning and structural phase-transition onsets and normalized phase-transition energies are now calculated without iterations but with physically correct closed arithmetic equations. These are reported for Berkovich and cubecorner indentations, including their comparison on geometric grounds and an indentation standard without mechanical twinning is proposed. Characteristic data are reported. This is the first detection of the indentation twinning of aluminium at room temperature and the mechanical twinning of fused quartz is also new. Their disqualification as indentation standards is established. Also, the again found higher load phase-transitions disqualify aluminium and fused quartz as ISO-ASTM 14577 (International Standardization Organization and American Society for Testing and Materials) standards for the contact depth “hc” iterations. The incorrect and still world-wide used black-box values for H- and Er-values (the latter are still falsely called “Young’s moduli” even though they are not directional) and all mechanical properties that depend on them. They lack relation to bulk moduli from compression experiments. Experimentally obtained and so published force vs depth parabolas always follow the linear FN = kh3/2 + Fa equation, where Fa is the axis-cut before and after the phase-transition branches (never “h2” as falsely enforced and used for H, Er and giving incorrectly calculated parameters). The regression slopes k are the precise physical hardness values, which for the first time allow for precise calculation of the mechanical qualities by indentation in relation to the geometry of the indenter tip. Exactly 20% of the applied force and thus energy is not available for the indentation depth. Only these scientific k-values must be used for AI-advises at the expense of falsely iterated indentation hardness H-values. Any incorrect H-ISO-ASTM and also the iterated Er-ISO-ASTM modulus values of technical materials in artificial intelligence will be a disaster for the daily safety. The AI must be told that these are unscientific and must therefore be replaced by physical data. Iterated data (3 and 8 free parameters!) cannot be transformed into physical data. One has to start with real experimental loading curves and an absolute ZerodurR standard that must be calibrated with standard force and standard length to create absolute indentation results. .

BigDataBench:开源的大数据系统评测基准

大数据系统的蓬勃发展催生了大数据基准测试的研究,如何公正地评价不同的大数据系统以及怎样根据需求选取合适的系统成为了热点问题.然而,应用领域的广泛性、数据类型的多样性和数据操作的复杂性使得大数据基准测试集的设计面临很大的挑战.现有的相关基准测试工作要么针对某一类特定的应用或软件栈,要么根据流行度主观地选择大数据负载,难以全面覆盖大数据的多样性和复杂性.针对现有工作的不足,文中讨论大数据评测基准需要满足的需求,并研制了一个跨系统、体系结构、数据管理3个领域的大数据基准测试开源程序集——BigDataBench.它覆盖5个典型的应用领域(搜索引擎、电子商务、社交网络、多媒体、生物信息学),包含结构化、半结构化、非结构化的数据类型,涵盖离线分析、交互式分析、在线服务、NoSQL这4种负载类型.目前包含14个真实数据集、3种类型的数据生成工具以及33个负载的不同软件栈实现.BigDataBench已广泛应用到学术界和工业界中,应用案例包括负载分析、体系结构设计、系统优化等.基于BigDataBench,中国信息通信研究院联合中国科学院计算技术研究所、华为等国内外知名公司和科研机构共同制定了国内首个工业标准的大数据平台性能评测标准.

澳大利亚开放政府数据的元数据标准--对Data.gov.au的调研与启示

我国政府数据元数据标准规范的研究尚处于起步阶段,元数据标准对于促进政府数据开放共享具有重要意义。文章选取澳大利亚开放政府数据平台Data.gov.au为研究对象,调查并分析其元数据标准的元素组成、数据格式、语法结构等。得到如下启示:建立统一的政府数据元数据标准,发布多种数据开放格式和设置专门的开放政府数据元数据标准管理维护机构。

Applicability Evaluation of NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Temperature,Geopotential Height and Wind Field Data in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere

By using the data in 169 sounding stations over the world,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data were tested,and the distribution characteristics of standard errors of geopotential height,temperature and wind speed field from the upper troposphere to the lower stratosphere over the world(most were the land zone) were analyzed.The results showed that the standard error distribution of reanalysis wind speed field data was mainly affected by the jet stream zone.There existed the obvious difference between the jet stream zone and the actual wind field.The distribution of standard error in the wind speed field had the obvious seasonal difference in winter,summer,and the average deviation was larger near the coastline.The high value zones of standard errors of reanalysis geopotential height and temperature field mainly concentrated in the low-latitude region in the Eastern Hemisphere(Indian Ocean coast).The distribution of standard error was basically consistent with average error.Therefore,the standard error could be explained well by the average error.The standard errors of reanalysis temperature and geopotential height data in the inland zone were lower.The high value zone mainly distributed along the coastline,and the average error of wind speed field was bigger near the coastline.It closely related to the quality of data in the sounding stations,the regional difference and the fact that the land observation stations were dense,and the ocean observation stations were fewer.

以数据标准化体系化为支撑的湖北省数据工作体系建设研究

数据作为数字经济发展的引擎,其重要性越来越受到政府的重视。作为数据基本制度之一的数据标准,可极大提高数据可移植性及互操作性,从而提升数据使用效率。因此,建设数据标准化体系显得尤为重要。同时,数据标准化体系还可以对政府数据工作体系的建设起到技术支撑作用。本文旨在通过对国内外包括湖北省数据标准建设现状及存在问题分析,总结提炼湖北省数据标准化体系化建设的需求;结合湖北省数据工作的实际情况,设计并完善体系框架,提出数据标准化体系化建设的思路和方案,较为全面、客观地建立湖北省数据标准化体系;最后以数据标准化体系化建设为突破口,提出湖北省数据工作体系建设的建议,保障市场充分发挥要素配置功能,充分释放数据要素的资源禀赋潜能。

通用电力设备编目数据模型标准化初探

电力设备编目标准化建设是建立完善的电力物资保障体系的重要基础。本文旨在通过分析国内外通用物资编目标准化发展历程、国网电力物资数据管理标准化成果,选用电网已有电力设备及设备采购数据参数,参考电力设备国家标准、行业标准及相关技术规范,着力探讨通用电力设备编目数据模型搭建,形成通用物资电力设备数据解析、转换与对接一致的描述规则,为我国通用电力设备后勤保障标准体系建设提供参考。

数据资产管理平台标准化分析与实践

在数字化时代,数据资产重要性日益突出。已经有不少为数据资产的存储、管理、分析和应用提供技术的平台开始建设运营,为实现平台的高效、安全和规范运行,建立完善的标准化体系至关重要。本研究分析了构建数据资产管理平台标准化体系的关键要素,包括技术标准、业务流程标准、安全标准、合规标准和运营标准。通过标准体系梳理、行业案例分析、实践效果分析等方式,聚焦数据资产管理平台的标准化问题,结合江苏省泰州市数字资产管理平台建设的实际案例,分析当前标准化实施的现状,依据行业趋势提出未来发展方向建议,以推动平台的高效、安全运行,助力数字化转型与高质量发展。

基于编码标准的Geodatabase设计

地理要素的分类代码信息通常以主代码和辅代码的不同组合模式来表达。在地理信息数据库(Geodata-base)数据模型中,以国家标准地理信息分类代码体系为基础,在数据字典表中存储地理要素实体的分类与特征属性,利用有效值表将地理要素与其本身的代码信息联系起来。在ArcGIS应用程序平台下实现对地理数据的管理和应用,从而更加详细、准确地表达地理要素的含义。

数据要素在医疗健康领域的内涵、价值与应用

十七部门联合发布的《“数据要素×”三年行动计划(2024—2026年)》引发了社会的广泛关注。本文首先探讨医疗健康领域数据要素的本质、分类及其重要性。在此基础上,提出促进医疗健康数据融合创新的关键策略,包括通过技术赋能医疗健康数据的采集,推动医疗健康数据的整合与标准化工作,促进医疗健康数据的开放和共享,以及加强对医疗健康数据的安全保护。

FAIR Geoscientific Samples and Data Need International Collaboration

1 Introduction The primary goal of the Deep-time Digital Earth project is to develop an open collaboration and data sharing platform that enables the transition of deep-time geoscientific research to a Big Data driven paradigm.Such an open platform will require the ability to effectively and efficiently access and integrate a wide variety of digital Earth data.

XML-based Data Processing in Network Supported Collaborative Design

In the course of network supported collaborative design, the data processing plays a very vital role. Much effort has been spent in this area, and many kinds of approaches have been proposed. Based on the correlative materials, this paper presents extensible markup language （XML） based strategy for several important problems of data processing in network supported collaborative design, such as the representation of standard for the exchange of product model data （STEP） with XML in the product information expression and the management of XML documents using relational database. The paper gives a detailed exposition on how to clarify the mapping between XML structure and the relationship database structure and how XML-QL queries can be translated into structured query language （SQL） queries. Finally, the structure of data processing system based on XML is presented.

An Improved PLS (IPLS) Method Utilizing Local Standardization Strategy for Multimode Process Monitoring

Complex industrial process often contains multiple operating modes, and the challenge of multimode process monitoring has recently gained much attention. However, most multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) methods are based on the assumption that the process has only one nominal mode. When the process data contain different distributions, they may not function as well as in single mode processes. To address this issue, an improved partial least squares (IPLS) method was proposed for multimode process monitoring. By utilizing a novel local standardization strategy, the normal data in multiple modes could be centralized after being standardized and the fundamental assumption of partial least squares (PLS) could be valid again in multimode process. In this way, PLS method was extended to be suitable for not only single mode processes but also multimode processes. The efficiency of the proposed method was illustrated by comparing the monitoring results of PLS and IPLS in Tennessee Eastman(TE) process.

Inorganic Crystal Structure Data to be Presented in a Form More Useful for Further Studies

To make inorganic structure data more useful for further studies a five-point list of simple procedures to be followed by authors of crystal structure papers is proposed. 1. A crystal structure should be described with the space group corresponding to its true symmetry. 2. A new structure proposal should be tested, if it is realistic in principle. 3. A structure should be described with a space group in a setting given in the International Tables. 4. For a comparison with other structures the structure data should be standardized with the program STRUCTURE TIDY. 5. 揘ew?structure data should be checked in the databases, Chemical Abstracts or on-line internet resources, if they are really new. The list is supplemented with many explanations, commentaries, examples and references.

公交车单位面积合理立席人数研究

随着居民生活水平提高和交通方式多样化发展,乘客对于出行舒适性有了更高要求。公交车单位面积立席人数直接影响了公交车厢内的拥挤程度,既有标准已不能满足人们对出行体验和舒适度的要求。本文从国内外公交服务相关标准和研究发展趋势、相关行业客运服务的标准要求对比、公交大数据分析、实地测试调研和论证分析多个方面,分析单位面积立席人数的合理取值提出单位面积立席人数的建议值。考虑提高广大乘客舒适度,建议公交车单位面积立席人数的标准为4人,为核定公交车定员标准提供参考。