The authors thank the discusser for the additional information,which is provided related to the historical interventions of the church through the centuries. This information was known to the authors,however they deci...The authors thank the discusser for the additional information,which is provided related to the historical interventions of the church through the centuries. This information was known to the authors,however they decided not to include it in the paper because of lack of space.Additional details regarding the retrofit展开更多
Nowadays, the worsening environmental issue caused by CO2 emission is greatly aggravated by human activity. Many CO2 reduction technologies are under fast development. Among these, monoethanolamine (MEA) based CO2 cap...Nowadays, the worsening environmental issue caused by CO2 emission is greatly aggravated by human activity. Many CO2 reduction technologies are under fast development. Among these, monoethanolamine (MEA) based CO2 capture technology has been paid great attention. However, when connecting the CO2 capture process with a coal-fired power plant, the huge energy and efficiency penalty caused by CO2 capture has become a serious problem for its application. Thus, it is of great significance to reduce the related energy consumption. Based on an existing coal-fired power plant, this paper proposes a new way for the decarburized retrofitting of the coal-fired power plant, which helps to improve the overall efficiency of the power plant with less energy and efficiency penalty. The decarburized retrofitting scheme proposed will provide a new route for the CO2 capture process in China.展开更多
A systematic strategy for retrofit of the multi-period heat exchanger network （HEN） on the basis of the multi- objective optimization is developed. In this three-stage procedure, a simplified multi-objective optimiz...A systematic strategy for retrofit of the multi-period heat exchanger network （HEN） on the basis of the multi- objective optimization is developed. In this three-stage procedure, a simplified multi-objective optimization model of the multi-period lIEN is first established and then solved to target the retrofit, aiming to minimizing the total annual cost and total annual CO2 emissions. The obtained Pareto front represents series of retrofit targets under different emission limitations, from which the most desirable one can be selected. The matching of the existing and the required heat exchangers is further implemented to finalize the retrofit, which will meet the practical retrofit requirements and matching restrictions. The application of the proposed procedure is illustrated through a case study of a HEN in a vacuum gas oil hydro-treating unit.展开更多
(1) The effect of the ventilation retrofit in a school on CO 2,airborne particles,and energy consumptions,by L.Stabile,G.Buonanno,A.Frattolillo,M.Dell’Isola,Pages 1-11 Abstract: The energy retrofit of existing buildi...(1) The effect of the ventilation retrofit in a school on CO 2,airborne particles,and energy consumptions,by L.Stabile,G.Buonanno,A.Frattolillo,M.Dell’Isola,Pages 1-11 Abstract: The energy retrofit of existing buildings is a key strategy to reduce the energy costs of the building sector.Amongst the retrofit solutions,the adoption of mechanical ventilation systems represents a necessary approach for buildings with high crowding index,such as schools. The air quality in schools is a main issue since children spend a significant fraction of the year in such microenvironments.To date,the scientific literature has carried out several studies concerning the air quality in naturally ventilated schools worldwide,nonetheless most of the studies performed a general evaluation of the air quality just using the CO 2 as a comprehensive indicator.This is an oversimplified approach since the indoor air quality is affected by several pollutants,including airborne particles,whose behavior cannot be predicted by the CO 2 one. The aim of the research is the evaluation of the effect of the ventilation retrofit in a classroom on different indoor air quality parameters and energy consumption.To this end a mechanical ventilation system with a heat recovery unit was installed in a test-classroom and tests with CO 2-based demand controlled ventilation were performed.CO 2 levels and indoor-to-outdoor particle concentrations were measured and compared to the pre-retrofit ventilation conditions (i.e.manual airing procedures). Results showed that mechanical ventilation systems have simultaneous positive effects on the different pollutants investigated as well as on ventilation heat losses: indeed,lower indoor-to-outdoor concentration ratios,with respect to the airing approach,were detected simultaneously for CO 2,sub-micron particles and PM10.展开更多
文摘The authors thank the discusser for the additional information,which is provided related to the historical interventions of the church through the centuries. This information was known to the authors,however they decided not to include it in the paper because of lack of space.Additional details regarding the retrofit
文摘Nowadays, the worsening environmental issue caused by CO2 emission is greatly aggravated by human activity. Many CO2 reduction technologies are under fast development. Among these, monoethanolamine (MEA) based CO2 capture technology has been paid great attention. However, when connecting the CO2 capture process with a coal-fired power plant, the huge energy and efficiency penalty caused by CO2 capture has become a serious problem for its application. Thus, it is of great significance to reduce the related energy consumption. Based on an existing coal-fired power plant, this paper proposes a new way for the decarburized retrofitting of the coal-fired power plant, which helps to improve the overall efficiency of the power plant with less energy and efficiency penalty. The decarburized retrofitting scheme proposed will provide a new route for the CO2 capture process in China.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376188,21676211)
文摘A systematic strategy for retrofit of the multi-period heat exchanger network （HEN） on the basis of the multi- objective optimization is developed. In this three-stage procedure, a simplified multi-objective optimization model of the multi-period lIEN is first established and then solved to target the retrofit, aiming to minimizing the total annual cost and total annual CO2 emissions. The obtained Pareto front represents series of retrofit targets under different emission limitations, from which the most desirable one can be selected. The matching of the existing and the required heat exchangers is further implemented to finalize the retrofit, which will meet the practical retrofit requirements and matching restrictions. The application of the proposed procedure is illustrated through a case study of a HEN in a vacuum gas oil hydro-treating unit.
文摘(1) The effect of the ventilation retrofit in a school on CO 2,airborne particles,and energy consumptions,by L.Stabile,G.Buonanno,A.Frattolillo,M.Dell’Isola,Pages 1-11 Abstract: The energy retrofit of existing buildings is a key strategy to reduce the energy costs of the building sector.Amongst the retrofit solutions,the adoption of mechanical ventilation systems represents a necessary approach for buildings with high crowding index,such as schools. The air quality in schools is a main issue since children spend a significant fraction of the year in such microenvironments.To date,the scientific literature has carried out several studies concerning the air quality in naturally ventilated schools worldwide,nonetheless most of the studies performed a general evaluation of the air quality just using the CO 2 as a comprehensive indicator.This is an oversimplified approach since the indoor air quality is affected by several pollutants,including airborne particles,whose behavior cannot be predicted by the CO 2 one. The aim of the research is the evaluation of the effect of the ventilation retrofit in a classroom on different indoor air quality parameters and energy consumption.To this end a mechanical ventilation system with a heat recovery unit was installed in a test-classroom and tests with CO 2-based demand controlled ventilation were performed.CO 2 levels and indoor-to-outdoor particle concentrations were measured and compared to the pre-retrofit ventilation conditions (i.e.manual airing procedures). Results showed that mechanical ventilation systems have simultaneous positive effects on the different pollutants investigated as well as on ventilation heat losses: indeed,lower indoor-to-outdoor concentration ratios,with respect to the airing approach,were detected simultaneously for CO 2,sub-micron particles and PM10.
