BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)using implants with a high level of constraint has generally been recommended for patients with osteoarthritis(OA)who have valgus alignment.However,studies have reported favorabl...BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)using implants with a high level of constraint has generally been recommended for patients with osteoarthritis(OA)who have valgus alignment.However,studies have reported favorable outcomes even with cruciate-retaining(CR)implants.AIM To evaluate the coronal plane stability of CR-TKA in patients with valgus OA at the mid-term follow-up.METHODS Patients with primary valgus OA of the knee who underwent TKA from January 2014 to January 2021 were evaluated through stress radiography using a digital stress device with 100 N of force on both the medial and lateral side.Gap openings and degrees of angulation change were determined.Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for both continuous and categorical variables.Inter-rater reliability of the radiographic measurements was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha.RESULTS This study included 25 patients(28 knees)with a mean preoperative mechanical valgus axis of 11.3(3.6-27.3)degrees.The mean follow-up duration was 3.4(1.04-7.4)years.Stress radiographs showed a median varus and valgus gap opening of 1.6(IQR 0.6-3.0)mm and 1.7(IQR 1.3-2.3)mm and varus and valgus angulation changes of 2.5(IQR 1.3-4.8)degrees and 2.3(IQR 2.0-3.6)degrees,respectively.No clinical signs of instability,implant loosening,or revision due to instability were observed throughout this case series.CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that using CR-TKA for patients with valgus OA of the knee promoted excellent coronal plane stability.展开更多
Coronal shear fractures of the femoral neck (CSFF) are the most challenging to treat among proximal femur fractures, directly affecting the life expectancy of patients with osteoporosis. However, an adequate osteosynt...Coronal shear fractures of the femoral neck (CSFF) are the most challenging to treat among proximal femur fractures, directly affecting the life expectancy of patients with osteoporosis. However, an adequate osteosynthesis method has not been elucidated yet. This study investigated the displacement direction of the femoral head fragment and its effect on the bone using finite element method. A finite element model for CSFF was developed from CT image data of a patient with osteoporosis using Mechanical Finder (ver. 11). Subsequently, finite element analyses were performed on six osteosynthesis models under maximum load applied during walking. The compressive stresses, tensile stresses, and compressive strains of each model were examined. The results suggested that the compressive and tensile stress distributions were concentrated on the anterior side of the femoral neck. Compressive strain distribution in the femoral head and neck was concentrated in four areas: at the tip of the blade or lag screw, the anteroinferior side of the blade or lag screw near the fracture site, and the upper right and lower left near the junction of the blade or lag screw and nail. Thus, the distribution of both these stresses revealed that the femoral head fragment was prone to anterior and inferior displacement. Distribution of compressive strains revealed the direction of the stress exerted by the osteosynthetic implant on the bone. The same results were observed in all osteosynthetic implants;thus, the findings could lay the foundation for developing methods for placing osteosynthetic implants less prone to displacement and the osteosynthetic implants themselves. In particular, the study provides insight into the optimal treatment of CSFF.展开更多
Background: Knife edge, chamfer, and shoulder are the three distinct finishing lines utilized in crown preparations. Each finishing line has relative benefits and drawbacks. However, not much scientific data exists re...Background: Knife edge, chamfer, and shoulder are the three distinct finishing lines utilized in crown preparations. Each finishing line has relative benefits and drawbacks. However, not much scientific data exists regarding which of these finishing lines will leave the most amount of residual dentine coronally on maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular incisors. Objective: To assess the coronal residual dentine thickness after different cervical finishing lines for anterior crown preparations. Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted including mandibular incisors and maxillary laterals that were taken from subjects from 18 to 30 years old. Teeth in each of the three groups were randomly separated into three cervical margin preparation groups: knife edge, chamfer and shoulder. The teeth were then prepared for single crown coverage using these finishing lines. The teeth were sectioned halfway through the crown preparation, and a digital caliper was used to determine the residual dentine thickness at the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal areas. The Tukey test was used for mean comparison, and ANOVA analysis was used to evaluate the variation in mean residual dentine thickness. Results: For upper lateral incisors, knife edge finishing lines showed the highest amount of remaining dentine thickness—1.5 mm. lingually, while the upper lateral incisors mesially had the least amount of 0.53 mm for shoulder finishing lines. The least residual dentine (0.53 mm for the shoulder and 0.70 mm for the chamfer finishing line) was found in the interproximal portions of all the teeth that were selected. Lower central incisors had the least amount of residual dentine 0.61 mm for shoulder preparations mesially whiles lower lateral incisors had the least amount of residual dentine for shoulder preparations 0.58 mm distally. There was a statistically significant difference of 0.001 across the groups. Conclusion: The thickness of residual dentine seen coronally after the three finishing line preparations showed a statistically significant difference and the knife edge finishing line provided enough coronal protection within the scope of this study.展开更多
目的分析冠向复位瓣术、侧向转位瓣术、双乳头瓣术修复牙龈瘤切除术后软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法临床收集23例牙龈瘤患者,术中切除牙龈瘤后,根据软组织缺损情况分别采用冠向复位瓣术、侧向转位瓣术、双乳头瓣术行软组织修复。术前及术...目的分析冠向复位瓣术、侧向转位瓣术、双乳头瓣术修复牙龈瘤切除术后软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法临床收集23例牙龈瘤患者,术中切除牙龈瘤后,根据软组织缺损情况分别采用冠向复位瓣术、侧向转位瓣术、双乳头瓣术行软组织修复。术前及术后6个月测量牙龈指数(gingival index,GI)、角化龈宽度(keratinized gingival width,KGW)、牙龈退缩(gingival re⁃cession,GR)、龈乳头充填指数(papilla fill index,PFI),记录牙龈瘤切除术后形成的牙龈退缩类型及术后2周患者自主疼痛评分(visual analog scale,VAS),以评价3组修复方式的临床疗效。结果术后6个月3组患者牙龈瘤均无复发。与术前相比,采用3种带蒂瓣修复后GI、GR均显著改善(P<0.05);KGW均显著增加(P<0.05),其中侧向转位瓣组及双乳头瓣组术后KGW明显宽于冠向复位瓣组(P<0.05);冠向复位瓣组及侧向转位瓣组PFI较术前明显增加(P<0.05);其他指标差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论3种带蒂瓣修复软组织缺损均取得了良好的临床和美学效果,术后角化龈明显增宽,其中侧向转位瓣术及双乳头瓣术优于冠向复位瓣术。展开更多
目的:对Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性上胸段脊柱侧凸(dystrophic upper thoracic scoliosis with neurofibromatosis type 1,DUTS-NF1)进行冠状面影像学分型,验证其可信度与可重复性,探讨其临床意义。方法:回顾性分析2009年6月~2023年12月...目的:对Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性上胸段脊柱侧凸(dystrophic upper thoracic scoliosis with neurofibromatosis type 1,DUTS-NF1)进行冠状面影像学分型,验证其可信度与可重复性,探讨其临床意义。方法:回顾性分析2009年6月~2023年12月期间我院数据库中诊断为Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性脊柱侧凸患者的资料,从中筛选出主弯顶椎位于上胸椎(T1~T5)的患者,根据站立位全脊柱正位X线片上脊柱侧凸的冠状面形态分为:A型,肩颈型;B型,远端弯代偿型;C型,躯干倾斜型;测量各型患者的侧凸Cobb角、上胸段后凸角、锁骨角(clavicle angle,CA)、T1倾斜角(T1 tilt)、颈部倾斜角(neck tilt,NT)、头部偏移距离(head shift,HS)、冠状面平衡距离(coronal balanced distance,CBD),计算畸形角率(deformity angular ratio,DAR)。3位脊柱外科医师经过分型设计者专门培训后根据该冠状面分型方法独立进行两次分型,应用Kappa值对同一观察者两次分型结果进行可重复性分析,对不同观察者间分型结果进行可信度分析。结果:从367例Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性脊柱侧凸患者中共筛选出29例DUTS-NF1患者(7.9%),其萎缩性主弯Cobb角为78.7°±12.9°。分型设计者的分型结果A型16例,B型8例,C型5例。B型和C型的DAR显著性高于A型(20.6±2.2和20.0±3.0 vs 13.2±1.8,P<0.001);C型相对于A型存在更为显著的头部及冠状面偏移距离(HS:27.6±11.7mm vs 13.5±6.7mm,P<0.001;CBD:34.8±20.5mm vs 13.9±10.9mm,P<0.001);C型T1 tilt显著性大于A型(P<0.05);其余影像学指标三型间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。3位观察者使用DUTS-NF1冠状位影像学分型方法共进行174次(29例×3×2次)分型,包括A型96次,B型45次,C型33次,观察者内分型一致率为(82.57±8.44)%,Kappa值为0.771~0.81,属于“基本可信”;观察者间分型一致率为(84.19±8.65)%,Kappa值为0.884~0.886,属于“完全可信”。结论:根据冠状面影像学特征可将DUTS-NF1患者分为肩颈型、远端弯代偿型、躯干倾斜型三型,该分型方法具有较高的可重复性与可信度,可为临床提供诊疗决策依据。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)using implants with a high level of constraint has generally been recommended for patients with osteoarthritis(OA)who have valgus alignment.However,studies have reported favorable outcomes even with cruciate-retaining(CR)implants.AIM To evaluate the coronal plane stability of CR-TKA in patients with valgus OA at the mid-term follow-up.METHODS Patients with primary valgus OA of the knee who underwent TKA from January 2014 to January 2021 were evaluated through stress radiography using a digital stress device with 100 N of force on both the medial and lateral side.Gap openings and degrees of angulation change were determined.Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for both continuous and categorical variables.Inter-rater reliability of the radiographic measurements was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha.RESULTS This study included 25 patients(28 knees)with a mean preoperative mechanical valgus axis of 11.3(3.6-27.3)degrees.The mean follow-up duration was 3.4(1.04-7.4)years.Stress radiographs showed a median varus and valgus gap opening of 1.6(IQR 0.6-3.0)mm and 1.7(IQR 1.3-2.3)mm and varus and valgus angulation changes of 2.5(IQR 1.3-4.8)degrees and 2.3(IQR 2.0-3.6)degrees,respectively.No clinical signs of instability,implant loosening,or revision due to instability were observed throughout this case series.CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that using CR-TKA for patients with valgus OA of the knee promoted excellent coronal plane stability.
文摘Coronal shear fractures of the femoral neck (CSFF) are the most challenging to treat among proximal femur fractures, directly affecting the life expectancy of patients with osteoporosis. However, an adequate osteosynthesis method has not been elucidated yet. This study investigated the displacement direction of the femoral head fragment and its effect on the bone using finite element method. A finite element model for CSFF was developed from CT image data of a patient with osteoporosis using Mechanical Finder (ver. 11). Subsequently, finite element analyses were performed on six osteosynthesis models under maximum load applied during walking. The compressive stresses, tensile stresses, and compressive strains of each model were examined. The results suggested that the compressive and tensile stress distributions were concentrated on the anterior side of the femoral neck. Compressive strain distribution in the femoral head and neck was concentrated in four areas: at the tip of the blade or lag screw, the anteroinferior side of the blade or lag screw near the fracture site, and the upper right and lower left near the junction of the blade or lag screw and nail. Thus, the distribution of both these stresses revealed that the femoral head fragment was prone to anterior and inferior displacement. Distribution of compressive strains revealed the direction of the stress exerted by the osteosynthetic implant on the bone. The same results were observed in all osteosynthetic implants;thus, the findings could lay the foundation for developing methods for placing osteosynthetic implants less prone to displacement and the osteosynthetic implants themselves. In particular, the study provides insight into the optimal treatment of CSFF.
文摘Background: Knife edge, chamfer, and shoulder are the three distinct finishing lines utilized in crown preparations. Each finishing line has relative benefits and drawbacks. However, not much scientific data exists regarding which of these finishing lines will leave the most amount of residual dentine coronally on maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular incisors. Objective: To assess the coronal residual dentine thickness after different cervical finishing lines for anterior crown preparations. Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted including mandibular incisors and maxillary laterals that were taken from subjects from 18 to 30 years old. Teeth in each of the three groups were randomly separated into three cervical margin preparation groups: knife edge, chamfer and shoulder. The teeth were then prepared for single crown coverage using these finishing lines. The teeth were sectioned halfway through the crown preparation, and a digital caliper was used to determine the residual dentine thickness at the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal areas. The Tukey test was used for mean comparison, and ANOVA analysis was used to evaluate the variation in mean residual dentine thickness. Results: For upper lateral incisors, knife edge finishing lines showed the highest amount of remaining dentine thickness—1.5 mm. lingually, while the upper lateral incisors mesially had the least amount of 0.53 mm for shoulder finishing lines. The least residual dentine (0.53 mm for the shoulder and 0.70 mm for the chamfer finishing line) was found in the interproximal portions of all the teeth that were selected. Lower central incisors had the least amount of residual dentine 0.61 mm for shoulder preparations mesially whiles lower lateral incisors had the least amount of residual dentine for shoulder preparations 0.58 mm distally. There was a statistically significant difference of 0.001 across the groups. Conclusion: The thickness of residual dentine seen coronally after the three finishing line preparations showed a statistically significant difference and the knife edge finishing line provided enough coronal protection within the scope of this study.
文摘目的分析冠向复位瓣术、侧向转位瓣术、双乳头瓣术修复牙龈瘤切除术后软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法临床收集23例牙龈瘤患者,术中切除牙龈瘤后,根据软组织缺损情况分别采用冠向复位瓣术、侧向转位瓣术、双乳头瓣术行软组织修复。术前及术后6个月测量牙龈指数(gingival index,GI)、角化龈宽度(keratinized gingival width,KGW)、牙龈退缩(gingival re⁃cession,GR)、龈乳头充填指数(papilla fill index,PFI),记录牙龈瘤切除术后形成的牙龈退缩类型及术后2周患者自主疼痛评分(visual analog scale,VAS),以评价3组修复方式的临床疗效。结果术后6个月3组患者牙龈瘤均无复发。与术前相比,采用3种带蒂瓣修复后GI、GR均显著改善(P<0.05);KGW均显著增加(P<0.05),其中侧向转位瓣组及双乳头瓣组术后KGW明显宽于冠向复位瓣组(P<0.05);冠向复位瓣组及侧向转位瓣组PFI较术前明显增加(P<0.05);其他指标差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论3种带蒂瓣修复软组织缺损均取得了良好的临床和美学效果,术后角化龈明显增宽,其中侧向转位瓣术及双乳头瓣术优于冠向复位瓣术。
文摘目的:对Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性上胸段脊柱侧凸(dystrophic upper thoracic scoliosis with neurofibromatosis type 1,DUTS-NF1)进行冠状面影像学分型,验证其可信度与可重复性,探讨其临床意义。方法:回顾性分析2009年6月~2023年12月期间我院数据库中诊断为Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性脊柱侧凸患者的资料,从中筛选出主弯顶椎位于上胸椎(T1~T5)的患者,根据站立位全脊柱正位X线片上脊柱侧凸的冠状面形态分为:A型,肩颈型;B型,远端弯代偿型;C型,躯干倾斜型;测量各型患者的侧凸Cobb角、上胸段后凸角、锁骨角(clavicle angle,CA)、T1倾斜角(T1 tilt)、颈部倾斜角(neck tilt,NT)、头部偏移距离(head shift,HS)、冠状面平衡距离(coronal balanced distance,CBD),计算畸形角率(deformity angular ratio,DAR)。3位脊柱外科医师经过分型设计者专门培训后根据该冠状面分型方法独立进行两次分型,应用Kappa值对同一观察者两次分型结果进行可重复性分析,对不同观察者间分型结果进行可信度分析。结果:从367例Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病伴萎缩性脊柱侧凸患者中共筛选出29例DUTS-NF1患者(7.9%),其萎缩性主弯Cobb角为78.7°±12.9°。分型设计者的分型结果A型16例,B型8例,C型5例。B型和C型的DAR显著性高于A型(20.6±2.2和20.0±3.0 vs 13.2±1.8,P<0.001);C型相对于A型存在更为显著的头部及冠状面偏移距离(HS:27.6±11.7mm vs 13.5±6.7mm,P<0.001;CBD:34.8±20.5mm vs 13.9±10.9mm,P<0.001);C型T1 tilt显著性大于A型(P<0.05);其余影像学指标三型间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。3位观察者使用DUTS-NF1冠状位影像学分型方法共进行174次(29例×3×2次)分型,包括A型96次,B型45次,C型33次,观察者内分型一致率为(82.57±8.44)%,Kappa值为0.771~0.81,属于“基本可信”;观察者间分型一致率为(84.19±8.65)%,Kappa值为0.884~0.886,属于“完全可信”。结论:根据冠状面影像学特征可将DUTS-NF1患者分为肩颈型、远端弯代偿型、躯干倾斜型三型,该分型方法具有较高的可重复性与可信度,可为临床提供诊疗决策依据。
