Novel Channel Estimation Method Based on Decision-Directed in OFDM

Based on the analysis of decision-directed （DD） channel estimation by using training symbols, a novel DD channel estimation method is proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） system. The proposed algorithm takes the impact of decision error into account, and calculates the impact to next symbol duration channel state information. Analysis shows that the error propagation can be effectively restrained and the channel variation is tracked well. Simulation results demonstrate that both the signal error rate （SER） and the normalized mean square error （NMSE） performance of the proposed method are better than the traditional DD （DD＋ LS） and the maximum likelihood estimate （DD＋ MLE） method.

Importance Analysis of a Multi-state System Based on Direct Partial Logic Derivatives and Multi-valued Decision Diagrams

Importance analysis quantifies the critical degree of individual component. Compared with the traditional binary state system,importance analysis of the multi-state system is more aligned with the practice. Because the multi-valued decision diagram( MDD) can reflect the relationship between the components and the system state bilaterally, it was introduced into the reliability calculation of the multi-state system( MSS). The building method,simplified criteria,and path search and probability algorithm of MSS structure function MDD were given,and the reliability of the system was calculated. The computing methods of importance based on MDD and direct partial logic derivatives( DPLD) were presented. The diesel engine fuel supply system was taken as an example to illustrate the proposed method. The results show that not only the probability of the system in each state can be easily obtained,but also the influence degree of each component and its state on the system reliability can be obtained,which is conducive to the condition monitoring and structure optimization of the system.

A Direct-Indirect Cost Decision Making Assessment Methodology for Seismic Isolation on Bridges

Making decisions of when to intervene on bridges taking into consideration more than owner costs is a growing field of interest in earthquake engineering. In particular, bridges can be considered critical links in highway networks because of their seismic vulnerability in terms of direct and indirect losses. This paper aims at defining a general criteria capable of taking into account both these costs in a simplified and efficient formulation. Indirect losses generally neglected elsewhere, are taken into consideration by applying a formulation that assesses investment efficiency. The presented formulation follows the one proposed for buildings by L. Kantorovich, 1975. Direct costs are computed from a Performance Based Earthquake Engineering （PBEE） methodology by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research （PEER） center. The problem considers two competitive objectives （maximizing economic efficiency and minimizing costs） in a multi-objective structural optimization procedure. The formulation has been applied to a case study aimed at strengthening a benchmark bridge. The optimum investment has been assessed between several isolated configurations.

Enhancement of the thermostability of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase by directed evolution

In order to improve the thermostability of β- 1,3-1,4-glucanase, evolutionary molecular engineering was used to evolve the β-1,3-1,4-glucanase from Bacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5. The process involves random mutation by error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling followed by screening on the filter-based assay. Two mutants, EGsl and EGs2, were found to have four and five amino acid substitutions, respectively. These substitutions resulted in an increase in melting temperature from Tm=62.5℃ for the wild-type enzyme to Tm=65.5℃ for the mutant EGsl and 67.5℃ for the mutant EGs2. However, the two mutated enzymes had opposite approaches to produce reducing sugar from lichenin with either much higher （28%） for the former or much lower （21.6%） for the latter in comparison with their parental enzymes. The results demonstrate that directed evolution is an effective approach to improve the thermostability of a mesophilic enzyme.

DEVELOPING EXPERT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM WTH VP-EXPERT AND LOTUS 1-2-3 IN RE-BLENDING BY USE

An expert decision support system (EDSS) for multi-bins balance and contro1 of orequality in production ore bins of some large-scale open pit iron mine in China has been developed byexpert svitem tool software VP-EXPERT and integration software LOTUS 1-2-3 in this paper. Itis known by practicing that a medium-scale EDSS constructed on microcomputer is completcly, feaasible by means of VP-EXEPERT to construct knowledge base system (KBS), LOTUS 1-2-3 tomake decision support system (DSS) and link them with BAT.

基于Wi-Fi Direct的道路交通状态信息采集方法

针对传统交通状态信息采集中采用的环形线圈车辆检测器存在布设和维护难度较大等问题,提出了一种基于Wi-Fi Direct的道路交通状态信息采集方法,以实现对基本的道路交通流状态参数进行采集估计;该方法利用车-路通讯设备实现车辆与路侧设备的通信;以车载通讯设备的Wi-Fi芯片介质访问控制层地址完成车辆个体识别;通过车载通讯设备中的北斗定位装置向路侧设备提供车辆实时位置及时间信息,进而实现道路区段内交通流基本状态信息估计;实验测试表明,该方法能够完成路段平均速度、交通流量及车流密度的采集和估计,是一种有效的道路交通信息采集方法。

Effects on coagulation factor production following primary hepatomitogen-induced direct hyperplasia

AIM： To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in coagulation factor expression and/or function during direct hyperplasia （DH）-mediated liver regeneration. METHODS： Direct hyperplasia-mediated liver regeneration was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by administering 1,4-bisr2-（3,5-dichloropyridyloxy）] benzene （TCPOBOP）, a representative hepatomitogen. Mice were weighed and sacrificed at various time points [Day 0 （D0： prior to injection）, 3 h, D1, D2, D3, and D10] after TCPOBOP administration to obtain liver and blood samples. Using the RNA samples extracted from the liver, a comprehensive analysis was performed on the hepatic gene expression profiling of coagulation-related factors by real-time RT-PCR （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢβ , plasminogen, antithrombin, protein C, protein S, ADAMTS13, and VWF）. The corresponding plasma levels of coagulation factors （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢ, and VWF） were also analyzed and compared with their mRNA levels. RESULTS： Gavage administration of TCPOBOP （3 mg/kg body weight） resulted in a marked and gradual increase in the weight of the mouse livers relative to the total body weight to 220% by D10 relative to the DO （control） ratios. At the peak of liver regeneration （D1 and D2）, the gene expression levels for most of the coagulationrelated factors （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ,Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢβ, plasminogen, antithrombin, protein C, ADAMTS13, VWF） were found to be downregulated in a time-dependent manner, and gradually recovered by D10 to the basal levels. Only mRNA levels of factor X and protein S failed to show any decrease during the regenerative phase. As for the plasma levels, 5 clotting factors （prothrombin, factors Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅺ, and Ⅻ） demonstrated a significant decrease （P 〈 0.05） during the regeneration phase compared with DO. Among these 5 factors, factor Ⅸ and factor Ⅺ showed the most dramatic decline in their activities by about 50% at D2 compared to the basal levels, and these reductions in plasma activity for both factors were consistent with our RT-PCR findings. In contrast, the plasma activities of the other coagulation factors （fibrinogen, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, ⅩⅢ, and VWF） were not significantly reduced, despite the reduction in the liver mRNA levels. Unlike the other factors, FX showed a temporal increase in its plasma activity, with significant increases （P 〈 0.05） detected at DI. CONCLUSION： Investigating the coagulation cascade protein profiles during liver regeneration by DH may help to better understand the basic biology of the liver under normal and pathological conditions.

Patients’ Involvement in Decision Making at End of Life—A Systematic Review of Literature

Background: involving patient in end of life decision is important to understand their wishes and preferences to help health care providers in improving the quality of dying and minimizing suffering. Aim: the aim of this review was to provide a detailed examination of the available literature related to patients’ involvement in decision making at end of life. Design: a systematic review following the PRISMA protocol was used, the review protocol was registered on PROSPERO: CRD42019128556. Data sources: we conducted a literature search in two electronic databases “CINAHL and Medline” during March-April 2019. The retrieved articles were included if they were: research reports or literature review;examined patient involvement in end-of-life discussions;full text publications, written in English and published from 2000-2019. Results: a total of (22) articles were included in the review;there was diversity in the purposes and design approach of the retrieved studies. The available literature explored patient’s involvement at end-of-life decision making through;describing current practices;understanding perspectives of end of life discussions;investigating the impact and identifying the barriers and facilitators of patients’ involvement in end of life discussions. Conclusion: involvement in end-of-life discussions improved the recognition of patients’ wishes, improved death experience, and decreased posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety among family members. Despite the documented benefits, some barriers against patient’s involvement in end-of-life decisions were recognized;lack of awareness;lack of education, training and experience;concerns about ethical and legal issues;and personal preferences of doctors or nurses were among the most commonly identified barriers.

La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3)-δ−Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9) composite electrodes as anodes in LaGaO_(3)-based direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells(DC-SOFCs)are promising,green,and efficient power-generating devices that are fueled by solid carbons and comprise all-solid-state structures.Developing suitable anode materials for DC-SOFCs is a substantial scientific challenge.Herein we investigated the use of La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3)-δ−Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9)(LSCM−GDC)composite electrodes as anodes for La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3)-δelectrolyte-based DC-SOFCs,with Camellia oleifera shell char as the carbon fuel.The LSCM−GDC-anode DC-SOFC delivered a maximum power density of 221 mW/cm^(2) at 800℃ and it significantly improved to 425 mW/cm^(2) after Ni nanoparticles were introduced into the LSCM−GDC anode through wet impregnation.The microstructures of the prepared anodes were characterized,and the stability of the anode in a DC-SOFC and the influence of catalytic activity on open circuit voltage were studied.The above results indicate that LSCM–GDC anode is promising to be applied in DC-SOFCs.

Differential interformational velocity analysis as an effective direct hydrocarbon indicator under velocity reversal conditions,an example from the anomalously high temperature and over-pressured DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea

In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.

DICP Symposium (I) on Catalysis: Future Directions of Catalysis Science and Technology October 16-18, 2003, Dalian, China

Introduction and Invitation DICP Symposium is a special series of interna-tional conference named after the Dalian Instituteof Chemical Physics (DICP). The DICP Symposiumwas founded with the purpose to promote the interna-tional communication and collaboration between theDICP and the international scientific community, to

DFT Study on the (S)-Proline-catalyzed Direct Aldol Reaction between Acetone and 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde

DFT/6-31G^＊ calculations were applied to study the direct aldol reaction between acetone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde catalyzed by （S）-proline. Four transition states associated with the stereo-controlling step, corresponding to syn and anti arrangements of methylene moiety related to the carboxylic acid group in enamine intermediate and re and si attacks to the aldehyde carbonyl carbon have been obtained. The solvent effect of DMSO was investigated with polarized continuum model. The computed energies of transition states reveal the stereo-selectivity of the reaction.

The Forming Conditions of and Ore-searching Direction for B, Mg,Pb, Zn and Au Deposits in the Liaoji Proterozoic Rift

The Liaoji Proterozoic rift is an inter-intracontinenatl rift developed from Archean granite-greenstone tectonic regime and contains many important mineral deposits of U, B, magnesite, Pb-Zn, Au, Ag, Co and P. These deposits were formed as the result of late mobilization, transportation and concentfation of the previously enriched ore-forming mate- rials in several ore-bearing formations formed during the rift stage. So the metallogeny of these deposits in the rift shows both inheritance and new generation of the ore-forming materials. In future ore-searching practice, attentions should be paid on the studies of the ore-bearing formations in the rift, on the multiple stages of metallogeny and and on multiple derivations of the ore-forming materials.

基于信息间隙决策的分布式产消者电-备用市场投标策略

分布式产消者在参与电能量市场和备用辅助服务市场时面临价格波动、负荷需求变动和可再生能源发电设备出力不确定性等市场风险。建立基于信息间隙决策理论的产消者日前电-备用市场投标决策模型。分析产消者参与电-备用市场的代理架构,在构建多类型分布式资源调控模型的基础上,建立分布式产消者参与日前电-备用联合市场的决策模型。基于信息熵理论量化产消者在决策中面临的多重不确定性因素,进而建立基于信息间隙决策理论的投标策略鲁棒优化模型。利用交替方向乘子法对模型进行分布式求解,确保投标量不会违反配电网络安全运行约束。改进的IEEE 33节点配电系统算例结果表明,利用所提模型得到的投标策略能在确保配电网络安全运行的基础上充分考虑产消者日前投标面临的多重不确定性,有效保障了产消者收益。

Enantio-selective preparation of (S)-1-phenylethanol by a novel marine GDSL lipase MT6 with reverse stereo-selectivity

We previously functionally characterized a novel marine microbial GDSL lipase MT6 and identified that the stereo-selectivity of MT6 was opposite to that of other common lipases in trans-esterification reactions.Herein,we have investigated the use of MT6 in stereo-selective biocatalysis through direct hydrolysis reactions.Notably,the stereo-selectivity of MT6 was also demonstrated to be opposite to that of other common lipases in hydrolysis reactions.Parameters,including temperature,organic co-solvents,pH,ionic strength,catalyst loading,substrate concentration,and reaction time,affecting the enzymatic resolution of racemic 1-phenylethyl acetate were further investigated,with the e.e.of the final（S）-l-Phenylethanol product and the conversion being 97%and 28.5%,respectively,after process optimization.The lengths of side chains of 1-phenylethyl esters greatly affected the stereo-selectivity and conversion during kinetic resolutions.MT6 is a novel marine microbial GDSL lipase exhibiting opposite stereo-selectivities than other common lipases in both trans-esterification reactions and hydrolysis reactions.

基于DD-LMS和MCMA的盲判决反馈均衡算法研究

文章对具有DFE结构的盲均衡算法作了研究,在一种修正常模算法(MCMA)代价函数中引入泄漏因子,并将常模算法(CMA)和直接判决-最小均方误差算法(DD-LMS)同时应用到盲判决反馈均衡器的抽头更新中,得到一种适用范围广?均衡特性好?变步长的DD-LLMS+MCMBDFE算法。该算法在均衡的同时能自动补偿由信道引起的相位误差,收敛速度快,收敛后剩余误差小,同时还能克服当均衡器长期没有持续输入激励时,LMS算法产生的抽头系数漂移问题。仿真结果表明DD-LLMS+MCMBDFE算法是一种有效的盲判决反馈均衡算法。

LTE上行多用户SC-FDMA系统中时变信道估计方法

针对高速移动时分双工长期演进(TDD-LTE,time division duplex-long term evolution)上行单载波-频分多址(SC-FDMA,single carrier-frequency division multiple access)系统,提出了一种新型的变换域时变信道估计方法。在所定义的变换域中,基于两块导频符号的信道参数估计,提出利用基于判决导向的非线性内插方法来估计数据符号的信道参数。为了便于SC-FDMA系统均衡,推导给出了变换域信道与频域信道的转换表达式,利用该式可以直接将变换域信道参数估计转化为频域信道响应。计算机仿真结果表明,新方法的性能远远优于传统方法的估计性能,且具有低的计算复杂度。

单向S-对偶粗决策规律与决策规律挖掘

利用单向S-粗集对偶,给出单向S-对偶粗决策规律生成方法;给出上决策规律,下决策规律,单向S-对偶粗决策规律核,单向S-对偶粗决策规律带的概念.利用这些概念,提出下决策规律传递定理,上决策规律传递定理,-F-分离的属性定理,粗决策规律挖掘定理与粗决策规律挖掘准则.

一种用于无人机的PRP-OFDM数据链路信道估计方法

针对无人机数据链路高速传输的工程应用需要,提出了一种基于伪随机后缀的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)系统模型,并针对其数据链路在快时变信道下的信道估计需求,提出了基于最小平方(least square,LS)的信道估计方法和利用重叠相加法(overlap add,OLA)、自干扰消除(selfinterference cancellation,SIC)、判决反馈(decision-directed,DD)的符号恢复方法。在无人机常见的运动速度下,对误码率性能进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,该方法在快时变信道具有较好性能,对无人机数据链路高速传输具有良好的工程应用前景。

单向S-粗决策规律与决策规律挖掘

利用单向S-粗集,给出单向S-粗决策规律生成方法;给出上决策规律,下决策规律,单向S-粗决策规律核,单向S-粗决策规律带,单向S-粗决策规律壳的概念;利用这些概念,提出下决策规律传递定理,上决策规律传递定理,F-分离的属性定理,粗决策规律挖掘定理,与粗决策规律挖掘准则。