Co-precipitation preparation and burning performance test of delay composition containing barium chromate

In order to optimize the performance of delay composition containing barium chromate,the preparation conditions of barium chromate were optimized,and S/BaCrO 4/KClO 4 delay composition was prepared by co-precipitation using barium chromate as precipitant.Then,the ignition temperature,delay time and other burning performance were tested.The results show that the ignition temperature of S/BaCrO 4/KClO 4 delay composition prepared by co-precipitation method is higher than that by traditional mechanical mixing method;the burning rate is faster and the burning time precision is higher because co-precipitation method can make the components mix more evenly.This co-precipitation method with barium chromate can be extended to the preparation of other mixed explosive agents containing barium chromate.

Petroleum heteroatom compounds in various commercial delayed coking liquids： characterized by FT-ICR MS and GC techniques

Delayed coking is an important petroleum resid conversion process.The processability of coking liquids is known to be dependent on the heteroatom compounds present in the coking liquids.Eight commercial delayed coking liquids were characterized by electrospray ionization(ESI)Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(ESI FT-ICR MS)and gas chromatographic techniques.High relatively abundant heteroatom compounds in the coking liquids were 1-4 aromatic-ring pyridinic nitrogen compounds,carbazoles,benzocarbazoles,phenols,mercaptans,benzothiophenes,dibenzothiophenes,and naphthobenzothiophenes.Coking liquids derived from various feeds had similar compound class types,molecular weight distribution ranges,and double bond equivalents(DBE).However,the concentration of individual compounds and the distribution of DBE versus carbon number of heteroatom compounds varied.A comparison of heteroatom compounds in coker feeds and products revealed the various reaction mechanism of heteroatom compounds occurred during the coking process.The results suggested that molecular-level process models can be developed for optimization of unit operation to obtain desirable products that meet the environmental specifications and quality requirements.

Role of binders in reactive composites: A case study with spherical B/Pb_(3)O_(4) particles

The strategic selection of appropriate preparation methods and binder strategies is crucial for enhancing the particle and combustion performance of pyrotechnic delay compositions(PDCs).This study,utilizing droplet microfluidics technology(DMT)and micron-scale raw materials,prepared spherical B/Pb_(3)O_(4) composite particles with varying concentrations of fluorine rubber(F_(2604)).The morphology,specific surface area,bulk density,flowability,friction sensitivity,thermal decomposition,and combustion performance of these microspheres were characterized.The results indicate that as the binder content increases,the particle size of the microspheres first decreases and then increases,the specific surface area decreases,and the bulk density increases,correlating with tighter binding of the reactant powders by the binder.Furthermore,tighter powder-to-powder binding results in a progressive decrease in the thermal decomposition peak temperature of the samples(from 404.2℃ to 346.4℃).Additionally,increased binder content reduces the friction sensitivity and combustion rate of the samples,which is attributed to the energy absorption properties of the binder.Compared to the control group,the microsphere samples exhibit significantly enhanced bulk density,flowability,friction safety,and combustion delay precision,potentially improving the reliability of PDCs in ignition sequences.