With the development of the times,the role of human capital in economic growth has been highlighted.However,in the current academic world,the research on the topic of demographic structure and human capital accumulati...With the development of the times,the role of human capital in economic growth has been highlighted.However,in the current academic world,the research on the topic of demographic structure and human capital accumulation is not closely integrated.China is now in a period of economic transformation and upgrading,and it is urgent to change the traditional economic growth model,increase human capital investment,and cultivate new growth momentum.Therefore,this paper examines the impact of China’s population structure on human capital accumulation by constructing a mathematical model based on relevant panel data of 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2001 to 2020.The empirical results show that human capital accumulation in China has a certain lagging effect,while population age and urban-rural structure enhance human capital accumulation in both quantitative and qualitative terms,respectively.In addition,industrial transformation,economic growth level,and per capita income all have significant positive effects.The effect of education,on the other hand,is not significant,while the interaction between urbanization and industrial structure may hurt it.Based on this,this paper proposes targeted countermeasures and suggestions in terms of fully developing the population quality dividend,fully tapping the talent knowledge dividend,continuously improving the health dividend,and continually tapping the aging dividend.展开更多
In most Sub-Saharan African countries such as Togo, people’s heavy dependence on ecosystem services is a major factor in accelerating the degradation of natural resources, which are already suffering as a result of c...In most Sub-Saharan African countries such as Togo, people’s heavy dependence on ecosystem services is a major factor in accelerating the degradation of natural resources, which are already suffering as a result of climatic factors. This study was initiated to contribute to the sustainable and rational management of forest resources in the south-east of the Mono Biosphere Reserve in Togo. It specifically aims to identify and characterize the flora of the residual forest ecosystems within the reserve through their specific diversity, demographic structure, and carbon sequestration potential. The study was carried out in the forest ecosystems of Avévé. The methodology used was based on the analysis of phytosociological, forestry, ecological, and regeneration inventory data. Overall, the study revealed that the RBMT still has floristically viable habitats, despite the anthropogenic pressures it is subject to revealed a floristic diversity of 160 plant species divided into 52 families and 135 genera. The most represented families are Rubiaceae (29.09%), followed by Fabaceae (27.94%). The most represented species are Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) Kuntze (24.38%), Lecaniodiscus cupanioides Planch. Ex Benth (X) and Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) Kunth (10.93%). The high presence of Mitragyna inermis observed in all the ecological groups identified makes it the characteristic species of the flooded marshy areas of southeast Togo and contributes to the resilience of the ecosystems and populations in the study area. The Shannon index for the formation groups varies between (3.03 and 5.16) bits. Pielou’s equitability varies between (0.43 and 0.63) bits. The overall average density is estimated at 210 stems/ha, with an average diameter of 25.57 ± 21.77 m and an average height of 7.93 ± 3.83 m. The adjustment of the diameter classes of the plant groups to the Weibull distribution gave an “inverted J” shape with coefficient values of less than 1 overall, reflecting the existence of multispecific or uneven-aged stands. Assessment of the horizontal and vertical structure shows a predominance of the shrub layer in all the groups identified. The carbon sequestration potential is 41.89 T/Ha. Despite ongoing anthropogenic pressures, the Mono Biosphere Reserve abounds in a relatively rich diversity of flora, the preservation of which is essential for the survival of biodiversity and even for the riparian population. The data provided by this study would form the basis for sustainable management planning of the forest islands in the biosphere reserve.展开更多
Introduction:Exotic invasive species represent a major driver of the loss of biological diversity and services provided by ecosystems globally.An important cause of species becoming invasive is the development of comm...Introduction:Exotic invasive species represent a major driver of the loss of biological diversity and services provided by ecosystems globally.An important cause of species becoming invasive is the development of commercial afforestation projects using fast-growing and adaptable exotic species,which may become invasive impacting natural environments.The tropical ash(Fraxinus uhdei),native to México,has been widely introduced to Colombia and other countries for timber,live fences,and urban greening.It is now common in many areas of the tropical mountains and has been observed expanding into native forests in Colombia.This study examined the invasion pattern and the demographic structure of tropical ash in remnant Andean forests in Colombia,to find out factors associated with the invasion process.The analysis took into account biotic and physical factors:distance to propagule source,vegetation cover types,and understory and canopy cover.Results:Although the reproductive strategy of the tropical ash is of“r”type with low survival rates,the results show evidence for an active process of invasion characterized by an aggregated distribution pattern dominated by seedlings and juvenile plants.The study shows the existence of an interaction between the distance to propagule source and the vegetation cover,which has an additive effect on the demographic structure of the population.Conclusions:This study suggests an active invasion process by the exotic tree tropical ash into a remnant of sub-humid forests in the Andean highlands.Our results showed an expanding population process with a decreasing average age from propagule sources and mature reproductive individuals within the native forest,which bring new individuals that are colonizing new areas and advancing into the forest.This research points to the need for urgent plant intervention on two aspects:the use of the tropical ash and the management of the invasion process in native forests.展开更多
文摘With the development of the times,the role of human capital in economic growth has been highlighted.However,in the current academic world,the research on the topic of demographic structure and human capital accumulation is not closely integrated.China is now in a period of economic transformation and upgrading,and it is urgent to change the traditional economic growth model,increase human capital investment,and cultivate new growth momentum.Therefore,this paper examines the impact of China’s population structure on human capital accumulation by constructing a mathematical model based on relevant panel data of 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2001 to 2020.The empirical results show that human capital accumulation in China has a certain lagging effect,while population age and urban-rural structure enhance human capital accumulation in both quantitative and qualitative terms,respectively.In addition,industrial transformation,economic growth level,and per capita income all have significant positive effects.The effect of education,on the other hand,is not significant,while the interaction between urbanization and industrial structure may hurt it.Based on this,this paper proposes targeted countermeasures and suggestions in terms of fully developing the population quality dividend,fully tapping the talent knowledge dividend,continuously improving the health dividend,and continually tapping the aging dividend.
文摘In most Sub-Saharan African countries such as Togo, people’s heavy dependence on ecosystem services is a major factor in accelerating the degradation of natural resources, which are already suffering as a result of climatic factors. This study was initiated to contribute to the sustainable and rational management of forest resources in the south-east of the Mono Biosphere Reserve in Togo. It specifically aims to identify and characterize the flora of the residual forest ecosystems within the reserve through their specific diversity, demographic structure, and carbon sequestration potential. The study was carried out in the forest ecosystems of Avévé. The methodology used was based on the analysis of phytosociological, forestry, ecological, and regeneration inventory data. Overall, the study revealed that the RBMT still has floristically viable habitats, despite the anthropogenic pressures it is subject to revealed a floristic diversity of 160 plant species divided into 52 families and 135 genera. The most represented families are Rubiaceae (29.09%), followed by Fabaceae (27.94%). The most represented species are Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) Kuntze (24.38%), Lecaniodiscus cupanioides Planch. Ex Benth (X) and Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) Kunth (10.93%). The high presence of Mitragyna inermis observed in all the ecological groups identified makes it the characteristic species of the flooded marshy areas of southeast Togo and contributes to the resilience of the ecosystems and populations in the study area. The Shannon index for the formation groups varies between (3.03 and 5.16) bits. Pielou’s equitability varies between (0.43 and 0.63) bits. The overall average density is estimated at 210 stems/ha, with an average diameter of 25.57 ± 21.77 m and an average height of 7.93 ± 3.83 m. The adjustment of the diameter classes of the plant groups to the Weibull distribution gave an “inverted J” shape with coefficient values of less than 1 overall, reflecting the existence of multispecific or uneven-aged stands. Assessment of the horizontal and vertical structure shows a predominance of the shrub layer in all the groups identified. The carbon sequestration potential is 41.89 T/Ha. Despite ongoing anthropogenic pressures, the Mono Biosphere Reserve abounds in a relatively rich diversity of flora, the preservation of which is essential for the survival of biodiversity and even for the riparian population. The data provided by this study would form the basis for sustainable management planning of the forest islands in the biosphere reserve.
文摘Introduction:Exotic invasive species represent a major driver of the loss of biological diversity and services provided by ecosystems globally.An important cause of species becoming invasive is the development of commercial afforestation projects using fast-growing and adaptable exotic species,which may become invasive impacting natural environments.The tropical ash(Fraxinus uhdei),native to México,has been widely introduced to Colombia and other countries for timber,live fences,and urban greening.It is now common in many areas of the tropical mountains and has been observed expanding into native forests in Colombia.This study examined the invasion pattern and the demographic structure of tropical ash in remnant Andean forests in Colombia,to find out factors associated with the invasion process.The analysis took into account biotic and physical factors:distance to propagule source,vegetation cover types,and understory and canopy cover.Results:Although the reproductive strategy of the tropical ash is of“r”type with low survival rates,the results show evidence for an active process of invasion characterized by an aggregated distribution pattern dominated by seedlings and juvenile plants.The study shows the existence of an interaction between the distance to propagule source and the vegetation cover,which has an additive effect on the demographic structure of the population.Conclusions:This study suggests an active invasion process by the exotic tree tropical ash into a remnant of sub-humid forests in the Andean highlands.Our results showed an expanding population process with a decreasing average age from propagule sources and mature reproductive individuals within the native forest,which bring new individuals that are colonizing new areas and advancing into the forest.This research points to the need for urgent plant intervention on two aspects:the use of the tropical ash and the management of the invasion process in native forests.
