Enriching Iodine and Regulating Grain Aroma,Appearance Quality,and Yield in Aromatic Rice by Foliar Application of Sodium Iodide

Applying iodine fertilizers to cultivate iodine-rich crops for daily intake is an effective approach for iodine supplementation,especially for aromatic rice.Field experiments were conducted during the early growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the impacts of foliar application of iodine fertilizer on aromatic rice and to explore the optimal iodine fertilizer concentration.At the full heading stage,six different concentrations of sodium iodide solutions of 0%(CK),0.010%(T1),0.025%(T2),0.050%(T3),0.075%(T4),and 0.100%(T5)were applied to indica aromatic rice cultivars Meixiangzhan 2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan.The results showed that sodium iodide treatments significantly increased the iodine and sodium contents in both leaves and grains.Compared with the CK,the T1 and T2 treatments increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in mature grains by 8.41%-101.66%and 13.58%-74.60%,respectively.Improvements in the contents of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,proline,1-pyrroline,and methylglyoxal,as well as the activity of proline dehydrogenase were also detected.Additionally,sodium iodide treatments remarkably decreased the chalky grain rate,chalkiness area,and chalkiness degree of aromatic rice,with the T2 treatment exhibiting a 17.79%-47.42%decrease in chalkiness degree compared with the CK.Meanwhile,T1 and T2 treatments showed beneficial impacts on chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield components,while T3,T4,and T5 treatments exhibited adverse effects on leaf and grain yields.The linear discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between treatments.The correlation analysis and piecewise structural equation modeling showed that the iodine and sodium influenced the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the leaves,thereby regulating the 2-AP biosynthesis and yield components,ultimately affecting the 2-AP content and yield.Overall,this study suggests that foliar application of 0.025%sodium iodide is an effective method to enrich the iodine content in rice grains,improve the grain aroma and appearance quality of aromatic rice,without detrimental effects on grain yield.

DNA Methylation of KLRC1 and KLRC3 in Autoimmune Thyroiditis:Perspective of Different Water Iodine Exposure

Objective This study aimed to identify differentially methylated genes(DMGs) associated with natural killer cells in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT), focusing on the influence of varying water iodine exposure levels.Methods Participants were divided into categories based on median water iodine(MWI)concentrations: iodine-fortified areas(IFA, MWI < 10 μg/L), iodine-adequate areas(IAA, 40 ≤ MWI ≤ 100μg/L), and iodine-excessive areas(IEA, MWI > 300 μg/L). A total of 176 matched AIT cases and controls were recruited and divided into 89, 40, and 47 pairs for IFA, IAA, and IEA, respectively. DMGs were identified using 850K Bead Chip analysis for 10/10 paired samples. Validation of DNA methylation and m RNA expression levels of the DMGs was conducted using Methyl Target^(TM) and QRT-PCR for 176/176paired samples.Results KLRC1, KLRC3, and SH2D1B were identified as significant DMGs. Validation revealed that KLRC1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed, whereas KLRC3 was hypermethylated and highly expressed in individuals with AIT. Furthermore, KLRC1 was hypomethylated and highly expressed in both IFA and IEA.Conclusion The DNA methylation status of KLRC1 and KLRC3 may play crucial roles in AIT pathogenesis. Additionally, DNA methylation of KLRC1 seems to be influenced by different iodine concentrations in water.

Development of High Areal Capacity Electrolytic MnO_(2)-Zn Battery via an Iodine Mediator

The commercialization of electrolytic MnO_(2)-Zn batteries is highly applauded owing to the advantages of cost-effectiveness,high safety,high energy density,and durable working performance.However,due to the low reversibility of the cathode MnO_(2)/Mn^(2+)chemistry at high areal capacities and the severe Zn anode corrosion,the practical application of MnO_(2)-Zn batteries is hampered by inadequate lifespan.Leveraging the full advantage of an iodine redox mediator,here we design a highly rechargeable electrolytic MnO_(2)-Zn battery with a high areal capacity.The MnO_(2)-Zn battery coupled with an iodine mediator in a mild electrolyte shows a high discharge voltage of 1.85 V and a robust areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(-2)under a substantial discharge current density of 160 mA cm^(-2).The MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery with an areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(-2)exhibits prolonged stability of over 950 cycles under a high-capacity retention of~94%.The scaled-up MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery reveals a stable cycle life under a cell capacity of~600 mAh.Moreover,our constructed MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery demonstrates a practical energy density of~37 Wh kg^(-1)and a competitive energy cost of<18 US$kWh^(-1)by taking into account the cathode,anode,and electrolyte.The MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery,with its remarkable reversibility and reasonable energy density,enlightens a new arena of large-scale energy storage devices.

A mild,efficient and selective iodination of aromatic compounds using iodine and 1,4-bis(triphenylphosphonium)-2-butene peroxodisulfate

A simple and efficient method for the iodination of aromatic compounds has been achieved in the presence of iodine and 1,4- bis（triphenylphosphonium）-2-butene peroxodisulfate.

Development of Simultaneous HPLC-Fluorescence Assay of Phenol and Chlorophenols in Tap Water after Pre-Column Derivatization with 3-Chlorocarbonyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1- methyl-2(1H)-quinoxalinone

Chlorophenols (2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,4, 6-trichlorophenol) may be presented in natural waters or drinking water as a result of disinfection processes involving chlorination, or as contaminants derived from domestic products, industrial operations and agricultural chemicals. A previous HPLC-UV method for determination of phenol and five chlorophenols in tap water using 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiaole as a UV labeling reagent shows limited sensitivity. Here, we present an improved HPLC-fluorescence detection method for simultaneous determination of phenol and the above chlorophenols in tap water after pre-column derivatization with 3-chlorocarbonyl-6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quino- xalinone (DMEQ-COCl), using a short, narrow column (50 × 2.1 mm i.d., packed with 5 μm particles of C18 material) to improve the sensitivity. Standard samples containing the compounds are derivatized with DMEQ-COCl in borate buffer (pH 9.0) at room temperature for 3 mins. The response is linear in the concentration range of 0.01 - 0.05 to 0.5 mg/L with r2 values ≥0.9967 for all compounds. The lower limits of detection are 0.001 to 0.008 mg/L, and the coefficients of variation are less than 8.8%. The recovery values from tap water spiked with standard samples are satisfactory. The present method is suitable for examining whether or not tap water samples are contaminated with phenol and chlorophenols in excess of regulatory values.

氨基功能化SiO_(2)负载磷钼酸催化氧化碘离子性能研究

将Cu取代的磷钼酸(PMo_(12))通过静电作用锚定在氨基功能化的SiO_(2)(NH_(2)-SiO_(2))表面,制备出非均相催化剂PMo_(11)Cu/NH_(2)-SiO_(2)。运用PXRD(X射线粉末衍射)、FT-IR(傅里叶变换红外光谱)、UV-Vis DRS(紫外-可见漫反射光谱)、SEM(扫描电子显微镜)、EDX(X射线能谱仪)和XPS(X射线光电子能谱)等对该催化剂的结构和组成进行表征;探索了其催化过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))氧化碘离子(I^(-))性能,结果表明,在T=25℃,c(I^(-))=2.5×10^(-3)mol/L,c(H_(2)O_(2))=2.0×10^(-3)mol/L,pH=2.4,PMo_(11)Cu/NH_(2)-SiO_(2)催化碘离子反应速率v=8.87×10^(-6)mol/L·s,比空白实验提高了616倍,且在前10次循环中都能保持优异的催化活性和稳定性。

Simple HPLC-Fluorescence Determination of Raspberry Ketone in Fragrance Mist after Pre-Column Derivatization with 4-Hydrazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole

Raspberry ketone {RK, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-one} is a natural compound contained in raspberry, and is added to cosmetics for skin whitening. It is very important to measure the RK level in cosmetics for quality assessment, since RK structurally resembles 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol, which causes leukoderma on consumers’ skin. Here, we present a simple HPLC-fluorescence method for determination of RK in a fragrance mist by pre-column derivatization with 4-hydrazino-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole hydrazine (NBD-H), which reacts with the carbonyl group of RK. The NBD-RK derivative was eluted from a reversed-phase ODS column, and detected with excitation at 470 nm and emission at 550 nm. The retention time of NBD-RK derivative obtained by reaction with NBD-H at 80°C for 20 min was 10.3 min. The standard curve was linear in the range of 0.2 to 10 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient (r2) value of 0.9980. The lower limit of detection was 0.018 μg/mL (absolute amount of 1.8 pmol). The coefficients of variation were less than 8.1%. The content of RK in fragrance mist (1.00 mL) was 1.18 ± 0.07 mg (range: 1.12 to 1.28 mg, n = 5). Recovery tests were satisfactory (83.9% ± 3.9%;range: 79.6 to 88.8%, n = 5).

I_2三光子共振激发紫外荧光谱(340nm)的研究

通过3光子激发I2,观察到了340mm紫外荧光谱。经过理论计算和电离谱分析,确认340nm是F′0+u→1Πg跃迁产生的。

Synthesis of phenanthrimidazole from 9,10-phenanthraquinone and aldehydes by molecular iodine as catalyst

A new,convenient,efficient,and cost-effective one-pot synthesis of 1H-phenanthro[9,10]imidazol-2-yl from phenantherenquinone and aldehydes,using molecular iodine as catalyst is described.The present methodology offers several advantages such as excellent yields,simple procedure,shorter reaction times,and the use of inexpensive reagents.

双能量CT测量胰腺细胞外体积分数及标准化碘浓度评估2型糖尿病

目的观察双能量CT测量胰腺细胞外体积分数(fECV)及标准化碘浓度(nIC)评估2型糖尿病(T2DM)的价值。方法根据T2DM诊断标准将76例接受腹部双能量CT三期增强扫描患者分为糖尿病组(n=34)和非糖尿病组(n=42),于平衡期碘基图测量胰腺fECV和nIC;对比组间差异,分析胰腺fECV、nIC与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的相关性,评估其诊断T2DM的价值。结果糖尿病组HbA1c、胰腺fECV及nIC均明显高于非糖尿病组(P均<0.001)。胰腺fECV(r_(s)=0.593、0.397)及nIC(r_(s)=0.479、0.424)在全部76例患者及糖尿病组34例患者中均与HbA1c呈中等或弱正相关(P均<0.05)。胰腺fECV与nIC联合诊断T2DM的敏感度、特异度及曲线下面积(AUC)分别为76.50%、83.30%及0.824[95%CI(0.728,0.919)],其AUC明显高于单一nIC(Z=2.002,P=0.045)而与单一fECV无明显差异(Z=1.158,P=0.247)。结论双能量CT所测胰腺fECV及nIC均与HbA1c有一定相关性,有助于诊断T2DM。

Ultrasensitive quantification of trace amines based on N-phosphorylation labeling chip 2D LC-QQQ/MS

Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simultaneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.

A selective optical chemical sensor for the determination of iodine based on fluorescence quenching of LiTOE

An optical chemical sensor has been developed for the determination of iodine based on the reversible fluorescence quenching of 2, 2, 7, 7, 12, 12, 17, 17-octamethyl-21, 22, 23, 24-tetraoxaquaterene-Li （LiTOE） immobilized in a plasticized poly（vinyl chloride） （PVC） membrane. The optimum membrane of the sensor consists of 100 mg of PVC, 200 mg of bis （2-ethytbexyl） sebacate （BOS） and 3.0 mg of LiTOE. The maximum response of the optode membrane for iodine is obtained in Tris-HCl buffer solutlon （pH 8.0）. With the optimum conditions described, the proposed sensor responds linearly in the measuring range of 3.90×10^-2 to 3.90×10^-4 mol/L, and has a detection limit of 6.0×10^-8 mol/L. The response time of the sensor is less than I rain. In addition to high reproducibility and reversibility of the fluorescence signal, the sensor also exhibits good selectivity. It is not interfered by some common anions and cations. It is applied for the determination of iodine in table salt samples. The results agree with those obtained by another method.

服用二甲双胍的2型糖尿病患者进行碘造影剂检查的研究进展

二甲双胍与碘造影剂近年来广泛应用于临床,由于二者同时使用存在造影剂诱导的急性肾损伤的风险,2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者往往被禁止或推迟使用碘造影剂的检查和治疗,导致误诊或延误治疗,对患者造成了间接伤害。因此,碘造影剂在T2DM患者中如何安全、规范使用一直是临床上关注的重点。本文通过分析整理二甲双胍和碘造影剂合用的临床研究和相关指南共识,探讨二者联合使用的安全性,以期为临床医生提供参考。

2种HPLC-柱后衍生化-荧光检测法测定远志中黄曲霉毒素的比较

对远志中测定黄曲霉毒素的2种柱后衍生化方法(碘衍生化和光化学衍生化)进行分析比较。样品经过免疫亲和柱净化,HPLC-柱后衍生化-荧光检测器检测;采用C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,荧光检测。柱后衍生化系统:(1)碘衍生化法,以甲醇-乙腈-水(25∶20∶55)为流动相;衍生溶液为0.05%碘溶液,流速为0.3 m L·min^(-1),衍生反应温度为70℃;(2)光化学衍生化法,以甲醇-乙腈-水(35∶15∶50)为流动相。碘衍生化方法中,黄曲霉毒素B_(2)、G_(2)在3.8~19 pg范围内线性关系良好,B_(1)在10.4~52 pg范围内线性关系良好,G_(1)在10.8~54 pg范围内线性关系良好;在光化学衍生化方法中,黄曲霉毒素B_(2)、G_(2)在1.9~45.6 pg范围内线性关系良好,B_(1)在5.2~124.8 pg范围内线性关系良好,G_(1)在5.4~129.6 pg范围内线性关系良好,r>0.9999;回收率在85%~105%之间。2种衍生化方法的测定结果比较接近,但是光化学衍生化方法更加灵敏,且操作简单、分析速度快。

不同尿碘水平的初诊2型糖尿病患者血清代谢组分及肠道菌群生态的差异分析

目的:探讨不同尿碘水平的初诊2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的血清代谢组分及肠道菌群生态的差异与临床意义。方法:选取149例初诊T2DM患者为研究对象,按照尿碘水平分为碘营养不足组(A组,n=49)、碘营养充足组(B组,n=54)及碘营养过量组(C组,n=46)。对患者血清中脂质、空腹及餐后2 h血糖、C肽及胰岛素水平(FIns)等指标进行检测,同时随机抽取各组部分患者对其肠道菌群及代谢物短链脂肪酸(SCFA)进行检测,并比较其组间差异。分析两组患者肠道SCFA与UIC、HbA1c、FPG及HOMA-IR的相关性。结果:A组患者血糖、血脂与B组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组及C组患者空腹Fins水平及HOMA-IR高于B组,HOMA-β低于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组患者肠道产丁酸菌及肠道来源SCFA中的丁酸水平高于A组或C组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组中丁酸浓度与UIC正相关,与HbA1c、FPG、HOMA-IR负相关(P<0.05)。C组中丁酸浓度与UIC负相关,与HbA1c、FPG、HOMA-IR正相关(P<0.05)。结论:碘营养不良与初诊T2DM患者的IR、糖脂代谢等水平相关;T2DM患者肠道来源碘营养可能通过影响肠道产丁酸菌及丁酸丰度参与其中。

SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3)-ZnO基材低温固化处理含碘敷银硅胶的研究

敷银硅胶常被用于处理核工业所产生的碘废物,在这一过程中会产生大量的含碘敷银硅胶(AgIs)。然而,AgIs具有不稳定性,需要被有效处理。本研究以SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3)-ZnO为原料制备玻璃粉,并以此作为基材来固定AgIs。XRD结果表明,在1300℃下可以获得非晶化较好的SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-Bi_(2)O_(3)-ZnO玻璃基材。为了研究获得的玻璃粉固化处理AgIs的能力,将不同碘负载量(15wt%、20wt%、25wt%、30wt%)的AgIs与获得的玻璃粉体进行混合烧结,并研究了其物相、微观结构与形貌、元素分布和密度。结果表明在处理温度为500℃、碘负载量为25wt%时获得的固化体中AgI的衍射峰强度最低,其非晶化指数也相对最高(0.73),部分AgI被包裹于获得的玻璃网络结构中。SEM-EDS结果表明,碘元素在玻璃体内的分布是均匀的。本工作为利用玻璃基材低温固化AgIs提供了一定的理论参考。

2种超高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法对植物油中黄曲霉毒素的测定与分析

目的建立超高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法测定植物油中黄曲霉毒素G_2、G_1、B_2、B_1的含量,并通过柱后光化学衍生法及柱后碘衍生法进行比对确认。方法样品采用70%的甲醇水提取,经多功能净化柱净化,利用在线超高效液相色谱-荧光检测器-柱后光化学衍生及柱后碘衍生进行测定分析。结果黄曲霉毒素通过柱后光化学衍生后,在0.014～0.241 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,通过柱后碘衍生在0.02～0.804 ng/m L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均在0.999以上。参与2016年花生油中黄曲霉毒素的能力验证,经过2种方法的检测,各黄曲霉毒素检测值均在能力验证的参考值允许范围内,考核结果为满意结果,质控样的检测值均在参考值允许范围内,表明2种方法均准确稳定。结论 2种衍生方法的测定结果比较接近,均有较好的重复性和准确性,通过2种衍生方法的比较,光化学衍生法较之有灵敏度高、操作简便、绿色环保、性价比较高的优点,适用于实验室对植物油中黄曲霉毒素的检测。

2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺的合成及其与铑(Ⅲ)的高灵敏显色反应的研究

合成了新显色剂2-（5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮）-5-二甲氨基苯胺（5-I-PADMA），并研究了其与铑（Ⅲ）的显色反应。结果表明，在pH4．0～6．2的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲介质中，铑（Ⅲ）与5-I—PADMA可形成稳定的1：2配合物，该配合物呈现2个吸收峰，分别位于557、597nm处。配合物形成后，以适量HClO4（0．24～5．57mol·L^-1）酸化，可转变为另一种具有较高吸收特性的质子化形体，其吸收峰分别红移至564、613nm处。表观摩尔吸光系数达％，=1．86×10^5L·mol^-1·cm^-1，铑的质量浓度在0～0．56mg·L^-1范围内符合比尔定律。该法是目前测定痕量铑的高灵敏显色体系之一，且具有良好的选择性。所建立的方法操作简单，应用于催化剂中微量铑的测定，结果满意。

新显色剂5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯与铑(Ⅲ)高灵敏显色反应的研究及其应用

合成了新试剂碘代吡啶偶氮胺类化合物5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-I-PADAT),用红外光谱、元素分析和核磁共振波谱对其进行了鉴定,并研究了该试剂与铑(Ⅲ)的显色反应。结果表明,在pH=4.0～5.2的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,铑(Ⅲ)与5-I-PADAT形成1∶2的紫红色络合物。该络合物在1.2mol·L-1高氯酸介质中转变为另一稳定的蓝色配合物,其最大吸收峰位于580nm波长处,铑(Ⅲ)含量为0～0.8μg/mL范围内符合比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.81×105L·moL-1·cm-1。该反应具有很高的灵敏度和良好的选择性,大量常见金属离子在一定范围内无干扰。所拟方法操作简单,用于催化剂中微量铑的测定,结果满意。

新试剂2-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺分光光度法测定矿石中的钴

对新试剂2-（5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮）-5-二甲氨基苯胺（5-I-PADMA）与钴（Ⅱ）的显色反应进行试验。结果表明,在pH为4.2~9.2时,钴（Ⅱ）与试剂形成1∶2红紫色配合物,配合物有两个吸收峰,分别位于554 nm和602 nm处;钴配合物形成后非常稳定,当以无机酸酸化,由于质子化作用,配合物转化成另一种具有较高吸收特性绿蓝色稳定的双质子化型体,其吸收峰分别红移至568 nm和614 nm,适宜的酸浓度范围分别为：0.3~7.0 mol/L盐酸、0.3~6.0 mol/L高氯酸、0.3~4.2 mol/L硫酸和0.7~7.3 mol/L磷酸。配合物表观摩尔吸光系数6ε14 nm为1.21×105L/（mol.cm）。钴含量在0~0.5μg/mL内遵循比尔定律。方法简便,快速,且具有良好的选择性,已成功地应用于矿样中微量钴的测定,结果满意。