Artificial intelligence in general and software agents in particular are recognized as computer science disciplines that aim to model or simulate so-called intelligent human behaviors such as perception, decision-maki...Artificial intelligence in general and software agents in particular are recognized as computer science disciplines that aim to model or simulate so-called intelligent human behaviors such as perception, decision-making, understanding, learning, etc. This work presents an approach to designing a generic Intelligent Agent that can be used in a multi-agent system to solve a complex problem. The generic agent that is proposed can be instantiated as a concrete agent, which is enabled with learning and autonomy capabilities by using Artificial Neural Networks. To highlight the generic aspect, the proposition is instantiated to be used in agriculture, health and education. The instantiated software agent applied in agriculture can process images in real time and detect defect on plants’ leaf. In the health field, the agent process image to diagnose breast cancer. When applied in Education, the agent can load an image of a student’s script and grade it. The performance of the designed agent system has the same accuracy as that of the respective neural networks used to instantiate them. In the educational field, the software agent has an accuracy of 98.9% and in the health field, it has an accuracy of 99.56% while in the agricultural field, it has an accuracy of 97.2%.展开更多
The rapid expansion of enterprises makes product collaborative design (PCD) a critical issue under the distributed heterogeneous environment, but as the collaborative task of large-scale network becomes more complic...The rapid expansion of enterprises makes product collaborative design (PCD) a critical issue under the distributed heterogeneous environment, but as the collaborative task of large-scale network becomes more complicated, neither unified task decomposition and allocation methodology nor Agent-based network management platform can satisfy the increasing demands. In this paper, to meet requirements of PCD for distributed product development, a collaborative design mechanism based on the thought of modularity and the Agent technology is presented. First, the top-down 4-tier process model based on task-oriented modular and Agent is constructed for PCD after analyzing the mapping relationships between requirements and functions in the collaborative design. Second, on basis of sub-task decomposition for PCD based on a mixed method, the mathematic model of task-oriented modular based on multi-objective optimization is established to maximize the module cohesion degree and minimize the module coupling degree, while considering the module executable degree as a restriction. The mathematic model is optimized and simulated by the modified PSO, and the decomposed modules are obtained. Finally, the Agent structure model for collaborative design is put forward, and the optimism matching Agents are selected by using similarity algorithm to implement different task-modules by the integrated reasoning and decision-making mechanism with the behavioral model of collaborative design Agents. With the results of experimental studies for automobile collaborative design, the feasibility and efficiency of this methodology of task-oriented modular and Agent-based collaborative design in the distributed heterogeneous environment are verified. On this basis, an integrative automobile collaborative R&D platform is developed. This research provides an effective platform for automobile manufacturing enterprises to achieve PCD, and helps to promote product numeralization collaborative R&D and management development.展开更多
Task-based teaching syllabus becomes more and more popular in modern English teaching. It is widely used in the English teaching from junior to senior high school and even to collage and university education. This pap...Task-based teaching syllabus becomes more and more popular in modern English teaching. It is widely used in the English teaching from junior to senior high school and even to collage and university education. This paper is mainly studies the relevant research on task-based teaching syllabus and offers some tips on task-based syllabus design.展开更多
Development of complicated products is a project of system engineering It involves extensive and complicated knowledge,design methods and auxiliary technology Various factors affect each other So,modern product dev...Development of complicated products is a project of system engineering It involves extensive and complicated knowledge,design methods and auxiliary technology Various factors affect each other So,modern product development is a typical group problem with distributed and dynamic features It is apparent superiority to solve this problem with a multi agent system representing various knowledge domains Distributed artificial intelligence knowledge being used,the multi agent collaborative design system concept and model based on Internet environment are put forward The realizing method of product developing agents,interactive process among multi agents,and organization and implementing of the design project of the multi agent collaborative design system are discussed in detail Application examples are also presented.展开更多
On the basis of analysis of the research issues and requirement of collaborative design, we propose the overall framework of agent based collaborative design on Internet. Then, we describe the implementation of synchr...On the basis of analysis of the research issues and requirement of collaborative design, we propose the overall framework of agent based collaborative design on Internet. Then, we describe the implementation of synchronous and asynchronous collaborative design process based on standardized design activities under the overall framework. In order to realize design message passing, the DMP Protocol is proposed as well in this paper and described in detail.展开更多
We deal with the state consensus problem of a general Linear Interconnected Multi-Agent System (LIMAS) under a time-invariant and directed communication topology. Firstly, we propose a linear consensus protocol in a...We deal with the state consensus problem of a general Linear Interconnected Multi-Agent System (LIMAS) under a time-invariant and directed communication topology. Firstly, we propose a linear consensus protocol in a general form, which consists of state feedback of the agent itself and feedback form of the relative states between the agent and its neighbors. Secondly, a state-linear-transformation is applied to equivalently transform the state consensus problem into a partial stability problem. Based on the partial stability theory, we derive a sufficient and necessary criterion of consensus convergence, which is expressed via the Hurwitz stability of a real matrix constructed from the parameters of the agent models and the protocols, and present an analytical formula of the consensus function. Lastly, we propose a design procedure of the gain matrices in the protocol by solving a bilinear matrix inequality.展开更多
Collaborative design can create added value in the design and production process by bringing the benefit of team work and cooperation in a concurrent and coordinated manner. However, distributed design knowledge and p...Collaborative design can create added value in the design and production process by bringing the benefit of team work and cooperation in a concurrent and coordinated manner. However, distributed design knowledge and product data make the design process cumbersome. To facilitate collaborative design, an agent-based intelligent CAD platform is implemented. Intelligent agents are applied to the collaborative design. Adopting the JADE platform as framework, an intelligent collaborative design software (Co-Cad platform for short) is designed. In this platform, every man, design software, management software, equipment and resource is regarded as a single agent, the legacy design can be abstracted to be interaction between agents. Multimedia technology is integrated into Co-Cad platform, communication and identity authentication among collaborative designers from different areas are more convenient. Finally, an instance of collaborative design using Co-Cad platform is presented.展开更多
Complex and distributed systems are more and more associated with the application of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology. The design of such applications presents important challenges and requires the assistance ...Complex and distributed systems are more and more associated with the application of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology. The design of such applications presents important challenges and requires the assistance of several methodologies and tools. Multi-Agent systems (MAS) have been identified as one of the most suitable technologies to contribute to this domain due to their appropriateness for modeling distributed and autonomous complex systems. This work aims to contribute in the help of the design of WSN applications. The proposed architecture exploits the advantages of MAS for modeling WSN services, network topologies and sensor device architectures.展开更多
As a long-term or short-term teaching method in response to“public health emergencies”,online teaching is the mode that college teachers must be competent.Integrating scientific pedagogical concepts into full-time o...As a long-term or short-term teaching method in response to“public health emergencies”,online teaching is the mode that college teachers must be competent.Integrating scientific pedagogical concepts into full-time online classes can fully take advantages of the characteristics of online courses and continue to create high-level,innovative and challenging courses.The creation of real situations in the task design of college English not only focuses on cultivating learners’ability to actively construct knowledge,but also conforms to the laws of students’physical and mental development,as well as stimulates their learning motivation.Critical reading teaching carried out under the flipped-class mode,supported by network information technology and massive resources,helps students develop independent learning capabilities,solve complex problems,and expand critical thinking.As an indispensable model in college education,online teaching is to be developed,and there is still more room for research on the principles and paradigms of online course design.展开更多
Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specifica...Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specification/modeling and the design, and try to find a good match between them. The key task done by designers is to convert a natural language based requirement specification (or corresponding UML based representation) into a predominantly computer language based design model—thus the process is very complex as there is a very large gap between our natural language and computer language. Moreover, this is not just a simple language conversion, but rather a complex knowledge conversion that can lead to meaningful design implementation. In this paper, we describe an automated method to map Requirement Model to Design Model and thus automate/partially automate the Structured Design (SD) process. We believe, this is the first logical step in mapping a more complex requirement specification to design model. We call it IRTDM (Intelligent Agent based requirement model to design model mapping). The main theme of IRTDM is to use some AI (Artificial Intelligence) based algorithms, semantic representation using Ontology or Predicate Logic, design structures using some well known design framework and Machine Learning algorithms for learning over time. Semantics help convert natural language based requirement specification (and associated UML representation) into high level design model followed by mapping to design structures. AI method can also be used to convert high level design structures into lower level design which then can be refined further by some manual and/or semi automated process. We emphasize that automation is one of the key ways to minimize the software cost, and is very important for all, especially, for the “Design for the Bottom 90% People” or BOP (Base of the Pyramid People).展开更多
Task-based language teaching(TBLT)is a new English teaching method,in which teachers design specific tasks before classes,and students then acquire knowledge as well as develop their communicative competence and Engli...Task-based language teaching(TBLT)is a new English teaching method,in which teachers design specific tasks before classes,and students then acquire knowledge as well as develop their communicative competence and English proficiency by completing these tasks in class.In the whole process,the most important thing is task design in that it will directly affect the implementation and effect of TBLT if the teacher is unable to handle the task design properly.This paper aims to discuss on how to design better tasks to achieve the objective of helping students develop their communicative competence by taking Text A(Criticism:Don’t Take It Personally)of Unit 7(Interpersonal Relationships)in the 21st Century Practical College English(Book 2)as an example under the concept of TBLT.展开更多
Task-basedteachingandlearningis becoming more and more popularin China now,andthe aimof taskis to create a real purpose for language use and provide a natural context for language study· This article introduces w...Task-basedteachingandlearningis becoming more and more popularin China now,andthe aimof taskis to create a real purpose for language use and provide a natural context for language study· This article introduces what a task-based teaching frameworkis and the three phases of pre-task, while-task and post-task,combined withsomethoughts about howwe shouldconvertthosetasksinto actual classroomactivities while using the task-based teaching framework in designing the lessons and howthe teacher and students participate inthe lessons·展开更多
Task-based language teaching(TBLT)has caused considerable interests among curriculum developers,language testers and language teachers during the past several decades.In order to use the approach rightly,throughout li...Task-based language teaching(TBLT)has caused considerable interests among curriculum developers,language testers and language teachers during the past several decades.In order to use the approach rightly,throughout literature review,the essay is going to analyze what the task is critically and the factors teachers should consider when they design tasks.At the end of the study,it is concluded that even though the definition of task is various,the main criteria are that a task is mainly focusing on meaning;has a clear goal;involves the outcome;and is related to the real world.When design tasks,teachers need to balance the fluency,accuracy and complexity,making task difficulties be appropriate to students’levels,considering thematic content and the range of task types and the phases of tasks.展开更多
文摘Artificial intelligence in general and software agents in particular are recognized as computer science disciplines that aim to model or simulate so-called intelligent human behaviors such as perception, decision-making, understanding, learning, etc. This work presents an approach to designing a generic Intelligent Agent that can be used in a multi-agent system to solve a complex problem. The generic agent that is proposed can be instantiated as a concrete agent, which is enabled with learning and autonomy capabilities by using Artificial Neural Networks. To highlight the generic aspect, the proposition is instantiated to be used in agriculture, health and education. The instantiated software agent applied in agriculture can process images in real time and detect defect on plants’ leaf. In the health field, the agent process image to diagnose breast cancer. When applied in Education, the agent can load an image of a student’s script and grade it. The performance of the designed agent system has the same accuracy as that of the respective neural networks used to instantiate them. In the educational field, the software agent has an accuracy of 98.9% and in the health field, it has an accuracy of 99.56% while in the agricultural field, it has an accuracy of 97.2%.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2009ZX04014-103)PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.20100072110038)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61075064,61034004,61005090)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.NECT-10-0633)
文摘The rapid expansion of enterprises makes product collaborative design (PCD) a critical issue under the distributed heterogeneous environment, but as the collaborative task of large-scale network becomes more complicated, neither unified task decomposition and allocation methodology nor Agent-based network management platform can satisfy the increasing demands. In this paper, to meet requirements of PCD for distributed product development, a collaborative design mechanism based on the thought of modularity and the Agent technology is presented. First, the top-down 4-tier process model based on task-oriented modular and Agent is constructed for PCD after analyzing the mapping relationships between requirements and functions in the collaborative design. Second, on basis of sub-task decomposition for PCD based on a mixed method, the mathematic model of task-oriented modular based on multi-objective optimization is established to maximize the module cohesion degree and minimize the module coupling degree, while considering the module executable degree as a restriction. The mathematic model is optimized and simulated by the modified PSO, and the decomposed modules are obtained. Finally, the Agent structure model for collaborative design is put forward, and the optimism matching Agents are selected by using similarity algorithm to implement different task-modules by the integrated reasoning and decision-making mechanism with the behavioral model of collaborative design Agents. With the results of experimental studies for automobile collaborative design, the feasibility and efficiency of this methodology of task-oriented modular and Agent-based collaborative design in the distributed heterogeneous environment are verified. On this basis, an integrative automobile collaborative R&D platform is developed. This research provides an effective platform for automobile manufacturing enterprises to achieve PCD, and helps to promote product numeralization collaborative R&D and management development.
文摘Task-based teaching syllabus becomes more and more popular in modern English teaching. It is widely used in the English teaching from junior to senior high school and even to collage and university education. This paper is mainly studies the relevant research on task-based teaching syllabus and offers some tips on task-based syllabus design.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.59875087) and by Foundation for University Key T
文摘Development of complicated products is a project of system engineering It involves extensive and complicated knowledge,design methods and auxiliary technology Various factors affect each other So,modern product development is a typical group problem with distributed and dynamic features It is apparent superiority to solve this problem with a multi agent system representing various knowledge domains Distributed artificial intelligence knowledge being used,the multi agent collaborative design system concept and model based on Internet environment are put forward The realizing method of product developing agents,interactive process among multi agents,and organization and implementing of the design project of the multi agent collaborative design system are discussed in detail Application examples are also presented.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (61074068, 60774009, 61034007), and the Research Fund for the Doc- toral Program of Chinese Higher Education (200804220028)
文摘On the basis of analysis of the research issues and requirement of collaborative design, we propose the overall framework of agent based collaborative design on Internet. Then, we describe the implementation of synchronous and asynchronous collaborative design process based on standardized design activities under the overall framework. In order to realize design message passing, the DMP Protocol is proposed as well in this paper and described in detail.
基金supported in part by NSF of China(61273006 and 6141101096)High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863Program)(2011AA110301)+2 种基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20111103110017)St.Petersburg State University(9.38.674.2013)the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(13-01-00376-a and 15-58-53017)
文摘We deal with the state consensus problem of a general Linear Interconnected Multi-Agent System (LIMAS) under a time-invariant and directed communication topology. Firstly, we propose a linear consensus protocol in a general form, which consists of state feedback of the agent itself and feedback form of the relative states between the agent and its neighbors. Secondly, a state-linear-transformation is applied to equivalently transform the state consensus problem into a partial stability problem. Based on the partial stability theory, we derive a sufficient and necessary criterion of consensus convergence, which is expressed via the Hurwitz stability of a real matrix constructed from the parameters of the agent models and the protocols, and present an analytical formula of the consensus function. Lastly, we propose a design procedure of the gain matrices in the protocol by solving a bilinear matrix inequality.
文摘Collaborative design can create added value in the design and production process by bringing the benefit of team work and cooperation in a concurrent and coordinated manner. However, distributed design knowledge and product data make the design process cumbersome. To facilitate collaborative design, an agent-based intelligent CAD platform is implemented. Intelligent agents are applied to the collaborative design. Adopting the JADE platform as framework, an intelligent collaborative design software (Co-Cad platform for short) is designed. In this platform, every man, design software, management software, equipment and resource is regarded as a single agent, the legacy design can be abstracted to be interaction between agents. Multimedia technology is integrated into Co-Cad platform, communication and identity authentication among collaborative designers from different areas are more convenient. Finally, an instance of collaborative design using Co-Cad platform is presented.
文摘Complex and distributed systems are more and more associated with the application of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology. The design of such applications presents important challenges and requires the assistance of several methodologies and tools. Multi-Agent systems (MAS) have been identified as one of the most suitable technologies to contribute to this domain due to their appropriateness for modeling distributed and autonomous complex systems. This work aims to contribute in the help of the design of WSN applications. The proposed architecture exploits the advantages of MAS for modeling WSN services, network topologies and sensor device architectures.
文摘As a long-term or short-term teaching method in response to“public health emergencies”,online teaching is the mode that college teachers must be competent.Integrating scientific pedagogical concepts into full-time online classes can fully take advantages of the characteristics of online courses and continue to create high-level,innovative and challenging courses.The creation of real situations in the task design of college English not only focuses on cultivating learners’ability to actively construct knowledge,but also conforms to the laws of students’physical and mental development,as well as stimulates their learning motivation.Critical reading teaching carried out under the flipped-class mode,supported by network information technology and massive resources,helps students develop independent learning capabilities,solve complex problems,and expand critical thinking.As an indispensable model in college education,online teaching is to be developed,and there is still more room for research on the principles and paradigms of online course design.
文摘Automatically mapping a requirement specification to design model in Software Engineering is an open complex problem. Existing methods use a complex manual process that use the knowledge from the requirement specification/modeling and the design, and try to find a good match between them. The key task done by designers is to convert a natural language based requirement specification (or corresponding UML based representation) into a predominantly computer language based design model—thus the process is very complex as there is a very large gap between our natural language and computer language. Moreover, this is not just a simple language conversion, but rather a complex knowledge conversion that can lead to meaningful design implementation. In this paper, we describe an automated method to map Requirement Model to Design Model and thus automate/partially automate the Structured Design (SD) process. We believe, this is the first logical step in mapping a more complex requirement specification to design model. We call it IRTDM (Intelligent Agent based requirement model to design model mapping). The main theme of IRTDM is to use some AI (Artificial Intelligence) based algorithms, semantic representation using Ontology or Predicate Logic, design structures using some well known design framework and Machine Learning algorithms for learning over time. Semantics help convert natural language based requirement specification (and associated UML representation) into high level design model followed by mapping to design structures. AI method can also be used to convert high level design structures into lower level design which then can be refined further by some manual and/or semi automated process. We emphasize that automation is one of the key ways to minimize the software cost, and is very important for all, especially, for the “Design for the Bottom 90% People” or BOP (Base of the Pyramid People).
文摘Task-based language teaching(TBLT)is a new English teaching method,in which teachers design specific tasks before classes,and students then acquire knowledge as well as develop their communicative competence and English proficiency by completing these tasks in class.In the whole process,the most important thing is task design in that it will directly affect the implementation and effect of TBLT if the teacher is unable to handle the task design properly.This paper aims to discuss on how to design better tasks to achieve the objective of helping students develop their communicative competence by taking Text A(Criticism:Don’t Take It Personally)of Unit 7(Interpersonal Relationships)in the 21st Century Practical College English(Book 2)as an example under the concept of TBLT.
文摘Task-basedteachingandlearningis becoming more and more popularin China now,andthe aimof taskis to create a real purpose for language use and provide a natural context for language study· This article introduces what a task-based teaching frameworkis and the three phases of pre-task, while-task and post-task,combined withsomethoughts about howwe shouldconvertthosetasksinto actual classroomactivities while using the task-based teaching framework in designing the lessons and howthe teacher and students participate inthe lessons·
文摘Task-based language teaching(TBLT)has caused considerable interests among curriculum developers,language testers and language teachers during the past several decades.In order to use the approach rightly,throughout literature review,the essay is going to analyze what the task is critically and the factors teachers should consider when they design tasks.At the end of the study,it is concluded that even though the definition of task is various,the main criteria are that a task is mainly focusing on meaning;has a clear goal;involves the outcome;and is related to the real world.When design tasks,teachers need to balance the fluency,accuracy and complexity,making task difficulties be appropriate to students’levels,considering thematic content and the range of task types and the phases of tasks.