Optimal design of near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectories in the Sun–Earth–Moon system

In the 6th edition of the Chinese Space Trajectory Design Competition held in 2014, a near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectory design problem was released, in which the motion of the spacecraft is modeled in multi-body dynamics, considering the gravitational forces of the Sun, Earth, and Moon. It is proposed that an electric-propulsion spacecraft initially parking in a circular 200-kin-altitude low Earth orbit is expected to rendezvous with an asteroid and carry as much sample as possible back to the Earth in a 10-year time frame. The team from the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences has reported a solution with an asteroid sample mass of 328 tons, which is ranked first in the competition. In this article, we will present our design and optimization methods, primarily including overall analysis, target selection, escape from and capture by the Earth-Moon system, and optimization of impulsive and low-thrust trajectories that are modeled in multi-body dynamics. The orbital resonance concept and lunar gravity assists are considered key techniques employed for trajectory design. The reported solution, preliminarily revealing the feasibility of returning a hundreds-of-tons asteroid or asteroid sample, envisions future space missions relating to near-Earth asteroid exploration.

The 4th Brother Cup China International Garment Youth Designers Competition

On April 13,1996,the 4th Brother CupChina International Garment YouthDesigners Competition was held inBeijing.The final competition was attendedby 36 young designers from 18 countries andregions,including the UK,France,Japan,Germany,Italy,Spain,Canada,Finland,India,the US,Russia,Singapore,Malaysia,Honduras,Niger and Hongkong.

First Competition of Erduos Cashmere Fashion Design

In developed countries,to wear elegant cashmerefashion expresses a person’s position and status.InChina,despite being a developing country,peoplelove to wear cashmere fashions too,following thevigorous development of the national economy andthe rapid improvement of the people’s living standard.

Design of Simulation Competition Platform Based on Cognitive Behavior Modeling

Cognitive behavior modeling of agent is an important component of simulation system,and there are some difficulties in the simulation of course teaching.When students make simulation experiments about cognitive behavior modeling,such as algorithm design and model construction,there is no simulation competition platform that is controllable,flexible and scalable.To solve this problem,we propose a simulation competition platform based on cognitive behavior modeling,called TankSim,for undergraduate and graduate students.This platform aims to cultivate studenfs team collaboration and innovation capability,and improve their learning motivation.This paper elaborates the proposed platform from three aspects,including demand analysis,platform design,and content design.

The Ołowianka Bascule Footbridge in Gdansk-A Bridge That Makes the Difference

In the city of Gdansk in Poland,in the very center of the Baltic capital,on 17th of June 2017,a new draw footbridge was ceremoniously opened to the public.The Olowianka footbridge represents the long-time much needed link between the highly tourist-visited historical old town and Ołowianka Island,where further cultural,tourist and recreation facilities are located.The bridge spans a very busy navigable channel of the Motława River,leading inward towards other city channels,a harbor for many tourist ships and the Gdansk Marina.Being the main navigable entrance to the city center,the Motława is constantly under nautical traffic,so the Ołowianka footbridge operates 24/7,according to a 30-min schedule.The Ołowianka footbridge is an extraordinary acquisition for the city of Gdansk,which immediately became a new landmark and much more in the already very picturesque historic city center.Not just its design,but also its carefully chosen location and its realization at the right moment,has made this bridge indispensable to the inhabitants,visitors and the administration of the city of Gdansk,decisively contributing to further development in the Ołowianka Island area and its surroundings.

The evolving role of evidence-based researc in healthcare facility design competitions

The architectural design competition remains a widely accepted method to advance design innovation, creativity, theoretical discourse, and the profession. In the rearm of healthcare facility design, by contrast, clients and their sponsoring organizations seldom utilize this method. The reasons for this are many, and continue to stand in stark contrast to a growing body of evidence-based research and design （EBREtD）that is potentially of value in improving performance-based dimensions-esthetic and otherwise-of healthcare facilities globally. A comparative analysis of the entrants to a recent U.S. completion was conducted. Based on the results of this anatysis, a two-phased healthcare facility design competition paradigm is put forth that is premised on the assumption that the intuitive dimensions of design creativity can be further advanced by means of a weft timed and thoughlfur injection of quantitatively based knowtedge pertaining to patient, family, staff, and organizational concerns and priorities. This proposal＇s limitations, and future opportunities, are discussed.

Ethanol mediated As(Ⅲ) adsorption onto Zn-loaded pinecone biochar：Experimental investigation,modeling,and optimization using hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm approach

Organic matters（OMs） and their oxidization products often influence the fate and transport of heavy metals in the subsurface aqueous systems through interaction with the mineral surfaces. This study investigates the ethanol（EtO H）-mediated As（Ⅲ） adsorption onto Zn-loaded pinecone（PC） biochar through batch experiments conducted under Box–Behnken design. The effect of EtO H on As（Ⅲ） adsorption mechanism was quantitatively elucidated by fitting the experimental data using artificial neural network and quadratic modeling approaches. The quadratic model could describe the limiting nature of EtO H and pH on As（Ⅲ） adsorption,whereas neural network revealed the stronger influence of Et OH（64.5%） followed by pH（20.75%）and As（Ⅲ） concentration（14.75%） on the adsorption phenomena. Besides, the interaction among process variables indicated that Et OH enhances As（Ⅲ） adsorption over a pH range of2 to 7, possibly due to facilitation of ligand–metal（Zn） binding complexation mechanism.Eventually, hybrid response surface model–genetic algorithm（RSM–GA） approach predicted a better optimal solution than RSM, i.e., the adsorptive removal of As（Ⅲ）（10.47 μg/g） is facilitated at 30.22 mg C/L of Et OH with initial As（Ⅲ） concentration of 196.77 μg/L at pH 5.8. The implication of this investigation might help in understanding the application of biochar for removal of various As（Ⅲ） species in the presence of OM.