Web Layout Design of Large Cavity Structures Based on Topology Optimization

Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades andwings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumptionhas become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topologyoptimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By usingthe variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. Theoptimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivityfiltering and projection to obtain a robust optimized configuration. The mechanical properties are checked bycomparing the stress distribution and displacement of the unoptimized and optimized structures under the sameload. The results confirm that the optimized structures exhibit improved mechanical properties, thus offering keyinsights for engineering lightweight, high-strength large cavity structures.

INTEGRATION OF CELL FORMATION AND LAYOUT DESIGN IN THE UNIDIRECTIONAL LOOP MATERIAL HANDLING ENVIRONMENT

A two-phase approach is proposed to deal with the integration problem in theloop layout. Tabu search is applied to cell construction in phase 1 to minimize the inter-cell flow,and the heuristic for layout design is used as phase 2 to optimize the sum of intra-cell andinter-cell transportation cost. The final computational results demonstrate the validation of thetwo-phase approach.

Key Techniques and Applications of Adaptive Growth Method for Stiffener Layout Design of Plates and Shells

The application of the adaptive growth method is limited because several key techniques during the design process need manual intervention of designers. Key techniques of the method including the ground structure construction and seed selection are studied, so as to make it possible to improve the effectiveness and applicability of the adaptive growth method in stiffener layout design optimization of plates and shells. Three schemes of ground structures, which are comprised by different shell elements and beam elements, are proposed. It is found that the main stiffener layouts resulted from different ground structures are almost the same, but the ground structure comprised by 8-nodes shell elements and both 3-nodes and 2-nodes beam elements can result in clearest stiffener layout, and has good adaptability and low computational cost. An automatic seed selection approach is proposed, which is based on such selection rules that the seeds should be positioned on where the structural strain energy is great for the minimum compliance problem, and satisfy the dispersancy requirement. The adaptive growth method with the suggested key techniques is integrated into an ANSYS-based program, which provides a design tool for the stiffener layout design optimization of plates and shells. Typical design examples, including plate and shell structures to achieve minimum compliance and maximum bulking stability are illustrated. In addition, as a practical mechanical structural design example, the stiffener layout of an inlet structure for a large-scale electrostatic precipitator is also demonstrated. The design results show that the adaptive growth method integrated with the suggested key techniques can effectively and flexibly deal with stiffener layout design problem for plates and shells with complex geometrical shape and loading conditions to achieve various design objectives, thus it provides a new solution method for engineering structural topology design optimization.

INTEGRATED LAYOUT DESIGN OF CELLS AND FLOW PATHS

The integrated layout problem in manufacturing Systems is investigated. Anintegrated model for Concurrent layout design of cells and flow paths is formulated. A hybridapproach combined an enhanced branch-and-bound algorithm with a simulated annealing scheme isproposed to solve this problem. The integrated layout method is applied to re-layout the gear pumpshop of a medium-size manufacturer of hydraulic pieces. Results show that the proposed layout methodcan concurrently provide good solutions of the cell layouts and the flow path layouts.

Layout design and application of 4D-printing bio-inspired structures with programmable actuators

Four-dimensional(4D)printing is an advanced form of three-dimensional(3D)printing with controllable and programmable shape transformation over time.Actuators are used as a controlling factor with multi-stage shape recovery,with emerging opportunities to customize the mechanical properties of bio-inspired structures.The print pattern of shape memory polymer(SMP)fbers strongly afects the achievable resolution,and consequently infuences several other physical and mechanical properties of fabricated actuators.However,the deformations of bio-inspired structures due to actuator layout are more complex because of the presence of the coupling of multi-directional strain.In this study,the initial structure was designed from closed-shell behavior and divided into a general unit and actuator unit,the latter responsible for driving the transformation.Mutual stress confrontation between the actuator and the general unit was considered in the layout thermodynamic model,in order to eliminate the transformation produced by the uncontrolled shape memory behavior of the general unit.Three critical and efective strategies for the layout design of actuators were proposed and then applied to achieve the desired accurate deformation of 3D-printed bilayer structures.Finally,the proposed approach was validated and adopted for fabricating a complex shell-like gripper structure.

A review of cable layout design and assembly simulation in virtual environments

The layout and assembly of flexible cables play important roles in the design and development of complex electromechanical products.The rationality of cable layout design and the reliability of cable assembly greatly affect product quality.In this paper,we review the methods of cable layout design,cable assembly process planning,and cable assembly simulation.We first review research on flexible cable layout design(both interactive and automatic).Then,research on the cable assembly process planning,including cable assembly path and manipulation planning,is reviewed.Finally,cable assembly simulation is introduced,which includes general cable information,cable collision detection data,and cable assembly process modeling.Current problems and future research directions are summarized at the end of the paper.

Layout Design-Based Research on Optimization and Assessment Method for Shipbuilding Workshop

The research study proposes to examine a three-dimensional visualization program, emphasizing on improving genetic algorithms through the optimization of a layout design-based standard and discrete shipbuilding workshop. By utilizing a steel processing workshop as an example, the principle of minimum logistic costs will be implemented to obtain an ideological equipment layout, and a mathematical model. The objectiveness is to minimize the total necessary distance traveled between machines. An improved control operator is implemented to improve the iterative efficiency of the genetic algorithm, and yield relevant parameters. The Computer Aided Tri-Dimensional Interface Application （CATIA） software is applied to establish the manufacturing resource base and parametric model of the steel processing workshop. Based on the results of optimized planar logistics, a visual parametric model of the steel processing workshop is constructed, and qualitative and quantitative adjustments then are applied to the model. The method for evaluating the results of the layout is subsequently established through the utilization of AHP. In order to provide a mode of reference to the optimization and layout of the digitalized production workshop, the optimized discrete production workshop will possess a certain level of practical significance.

Humanized Spatial Layout Design of Cultural Plaza

From the perspective of humanized design concepts, humanized space design and behavioral psychological needs of users were re-interpreted and analyzed, basic elements and design principles of cultural plaza spatial layout were proposed. Particularly, application and role of humanized design in the spatial layout of cultural plaza was analyzed, on the basis of which humanized design objective and orientation for the sustainable development of cultural plaza was defined.

集成电路版图(layout)设计方法与实例

首先在理论上介绍了集成电路版图设计方法的详细步骤以及设计规则的特点。并结合一个运算放大器的版图设计实例详细讲解了集成电路版图设计的基本步骤技巧与准则。

Landscape and Planting Design of Yanyang Farm in Taicang City of Jiangsu Province

Taking the planning and designing of tourism orchard in Yanyang Farm of Taicang City as the study case,this paper aimed to shape this orchard into a natural,unique,cultural,participatory and sustainable modern tourism picking orchard,with the function of popularizing knowledge of flowers and fruits and displaying Hi-Tech achievements.Based on the introduction of superior new varieties of fruit trees,enhanced fruit production function,a sound basis for tourism picking orchard system will be established.The designing plan divided the whole orchard into 4 parts,which are "Spring Garden","Summer Garden","Autumn Garden" and "Winter Garden".With landscape design of fruit trees as the key part,this paper made preliminary research on landscape design of this orchard.① "Spring Garden",which aimed to show early spring in the orchard of agricultural landscape,covering an area of 0.83 hm2,the main tree species were Malus spectabilis(Ait.) Borkh.,Cerasus pseudocerasus,Armeniaca vulgaris and Vatica mangachapoi.② "Autumn Garden",which aimed to show fruitful harvest scene,covering an area of 1.67 hm2,the main tree species were Punica granatum,Crataegus pinnatifida and Diospyros kaki Linn.f.③ "Summer Garden",which aimed to provide tourism attractions for students on summer vacation,covering an area of 1.73 hm2,the main tree species were peach,plum and Prunus simonii Carr..④"Winter Garden",which aimed to provide one activity area for tourists in winter orchard,covering an area of 0.96 hm2,the main tree species were Citrus reticulate Banco and Eriobotrya japonica.This tourist orchard tried to achieve harmony unity of orchard fruit production,landscape tourism,recreational services and so on,thus providing useful references to the designing of tourist orchard in leisure agricultural farm.

Layout在电梯部件设计中的应用

以电梯轿底托架为例,介绍了利用Pro/E的Layout参数表和关系式对电梯部件进行设计应用情况,以达到快速满足客户需求的目的。

Optimization design of 24bit parallel MAC unit with saturation

An efficient design method for a 24 × 24 bit ＋48 bit parallel saturating multiply-accumulate （MAC） unit is described. The augend in the MAC is merged as a partial product into Wallace tree array. The optimized saturation detection logic is proposed. The 679. 2 μm × 132. 5μm area size has been achieved in 0. 18 μm 1.8 V 1P6M CMOS technology by the full-custom circuit layout design. The simulation results show that the design way has significantly less area （about 23.52% reduction） and less delay than those of the common saturating MAC based on standard cell library.

《InDesign版式设计》课程创新教学探索

《InDesign版式设计》课程是数字媒体应用技术专业的专业课程,这门课程主要讲授一款专业排版软件InDesign,在排版设计领域,它主要应用于广告、传单、海报、书籍出版、印刷等众多领域。结合该课程的特点,文章从课程的教学内容、教学方法和考核方式三个方面展开创新探索。

颚式破碎机自顶向下设计之布局(Layout)设计

利用实验室用的颚式破碎机测绘数据,在Pro/E软件实体建模中的三维模型基础上,采用Pro/E软件中自顶向下设计功能的布局模块,成功地实现了对颚式破碎机的整机设计。此种方法能在布局中综观设计全局,零件尺寸能由布局中的尺寸所驱动。

APPROACH FOR LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION OF TRUSS STRUCTURES WITH DISCRETE VARIABLES UNDER DYNAMIC STRESS, DISPLACEMENT AND STABILITY CONSTRAINTS

A mathematical model was developed for layout optimization of truss structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints. By using the quasi-static method, the mathematical model of structure optimization under dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints were transformed into one subjected to static stress, displacement and stability constraints. The optimization procedures include two levels, i.e., the topology optimization and the shape optimization. In each level, the comprehensive algorithm was used and the relative difference quotients of two kinds of variables were used to search the optimum solution. A comparison between the optimum results of model with stability constraints and the optimum results of model without stability constraint was given. And that shows the stability constraints have a great effect on the optimum solutions.

PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION BASED ON PYRAMID MODEL FOR SATELLITE MODULE LAYOUT

To improve the global search ability of particle swarm optimization （PSO）, a multi-population PSO based on pyramid model （PPSO） is presented. Then, it is applied to solve the layout optimization problems against the background of an international commercial communication satellite （INTELSAT-Ⅲ） module. Three improvements are developed, including multi-population search based on pyramid model, adaptive collision avoidance among particles, and mutation of degraded particles. In the numerical examples of the layout design of this simplified satellite module, the performance of PPSO is compared to global version PSO and local version PSO （ring and Neumann PSO）. The results show that PPSO has higher computational accuracy, efficiency and success ratio.

Optimizing the Layout of Rectangular Hull Tiles

Rectangular tiles can be laid on a ship's hull for protection, but the sides of the tiles must be adjusted so adjacent tiles will conform to the curvature of the hull.A method for laying tiles along a reference line was proposed, and an allowable range of displacement for the four vertices of the tile was determined.Deformations of each tile on a specific reference line were then obtained.It was found that the least deformation was required when the tiles were laid parallel to a line with the least curvature.After calculating the mean curvature on the surface, the surface was divided into three layout areas.A set of discrete points following the least deformation of the principal curvatures was obtained.A NURBS interpolation curve was then plotted as the reference line for laying tiles.The optimum size of the tiles was obtained, given the allowable maximum deformation condition.This minimized the number of bolts and the amount of stuffing.A typical aft hull section was selected and divided into three layout areas based on the distribution of curvature.The optimum sizes of rectangular tiles were obtained for every layout area and they were then laid on the surface.In this way the layout of the rectangular tiles could be plotted.

V6 Pro/design在级进模设计中的应用

介绍了V6Pro/design的展开、排样、模具系统、特征孔系统、轮廓特征单元设计、拆图与细部设计等各部分功能,指出了V6Pro/design的优点与不足。

Collaborative Design in PDM / 3D CAD Integrated Environment

Some key issues in supporting collaborative design in product data management（PDM ） system and 3D computer aided design（CAD） system integrated environment are analyzed. The general architecture of the integrated environment is divided into five tiers and employs the transparently integrated mode, with the mode, function calling and information exchanging among independent PDM and CAD processes are carried out via message translation /parse approach. Product layout feature（PLF ） model definition is presented, PLF model is used to represent design intention at the preliminary design phase. The collaborative design methodology employing the PLF model in PDM/3D CAD integrated environment is analyzed. The design methodology can speed up the design process, reduce the investment and improve the product quality.

Matching processing in the design of integrated circuits

In the design of the integrated circuits, in order to ensure that the designed products conform to the presupposed parameters, while designing the schematic diagrams of the circuits, we should also strengthen the layout design. Especially in the design of the analog circuits, in the layout design, there is a high degree of matching requirement for the MOS. It will have an important impact on the performance of the chips. Based on this perspective, the author of this paper analyzes how to realize the matching of the three aspects of the MOS, the resistance and the capacitance in the integrated circuit design, in order to avoid the problem of the mismatch due to the arts and crafts.