With the rapid development of urbanization,landscape architecture has become an indispensable component of daily life.In order to achieve better landscape effects and protect the ecological environment,landscape ecolo...With the rapid development of urbanization,landscape architecture has become an indispensable component of daily life.In order to achieve better landscape effects and protect the ecological environment,landscape ecology theory can be integrated into landscape planning to carry out disciplinary crossing and integration research between landscape ecology and landscape architecture.In this study,based on the basic theories of landscape ecology,the waterfront landscape of Dapo Town was designed,with the aim to achieve ecological balance in planning,showcase biodiversity,and create a harmonious landscape ecological environment which can benefit both nature and people.This design combined artificial and natural elements while improving the natural environment,which promoted a harmonious relationship between humans and nature,thus enriching the spatial organization of the city,and playing a role in regulating the urban environment and climate.展开更多
This research establishes a strategic framework for developing a salt culture-themed agricultural garden in Jintan,Jiangsu to boost rural vibrancy and cultural tourism while honoring local salt heritage.It employs the...This research establishes a strategic framework for developing a salt culture-themed agricultural garden in Jintan,Jiangsu to boost rural vibrancy and cultural tourism while honoring local salt heritage.It employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)for a data-driven and structured approach to evaluate the sustainability and cultural significance of agricultural initiatives.This framework ensures a balanced blend of agriculture,culture,and tourism to foster a sustainable and culturally rich experience.The study highlights the value of structured methodologies in planning culturally impactful agricultural projects.展开更多
Shanbei Village is a village in Yunfu of Guangdong,which has been seriously affected by flood disasters.In the context of the construction of beautiful countryside,utilizing the concept of resilience stormwater,constr...Shanbei Village is a village in Yunfu of Guangdong,which has been seriously affected by flood disasters.In the context of the construction of beautiful countryside,utilizing the concept of resilience stormwater,construction ideas of beautiful countryside of combining the prevention and control of village flood disasters with economic and social development and cultural heritage are proposed.The planning methods of adjusting the planting way of crops,demolition of dwellings in submerged areas and development and utilization of ancient dwellings,sorting out drainage systems and planning“large,medium and small sponges”,and improving the drainage capacity of culverts are summarized.展开更多
Urban geopark is the backyard garden of urban residents’life.Geological landscape popular science exhibition enables people to receive geological popular science knowledge easily and happily while playing,which will ...Urban geopark is the backyard garden of urban residents’life.Geological landscape popular science exhibition enables people to receive geological popular science knowledge easily and happily while playing,which will virtually strengthen people’s protection awareness of urban geological landscape.Urban geopark landscape is featured by unique typical geological characteristics.It is a realistic problem that troubles the planning and design of geological landscape popular science exhibition in urban geopark by effectively protecting these geological landscapes and upgrading them into urban popular science leisure tourism resources.Taking Zhengzhou Yellow River National Geopark as an example,this paper systematically studies the planning and design of geological landscape popular science exhibition in urban geopark.展开更多
By studying the behavioral psychology and needs of children,this paper analyzes the essence of child-friendly parks from the perspective of children,and discusses the design principles and key points of child-friendly...By studying the behavioral psychology and needs of children,this paper analyzes the essence of child-friendly parks from the perspective of children,and discusses the design principles and key points of child-friendly parks,so as to provide a practical basis for the construction of child-friendly cities.展开更多
For planning optimum multiple stresses accelerated life test plans, a commonly followed guiding principle is that all parameters of the life-stress relationship should be estimated, and the number of the stress level ...For planning optimum multiple stresses accelerated life test plans, a commonly followed guiding principle is that all parameters of the life-stress relationship should be estimated, and the number of the stress level combinations must be no less than the number of parameters of the life-stress relationship. However, the general objective of an accelerated life test(ALT) is to assess thep-th quantile of the product life distribution under normal stress. For this objective,estimating all model parameters is not necessary, and this will increase the cost of test. Based on the theoretical conclusion that the stress level combinations of the optimum multiple stresses ALT plan locate on a straight line through the origin of coordinate, it is proposed that a design idea of planning the optimum multiple stresses ALT plan through transforming the problem of designing an optimum multiple stresses ALT plan to designing an optimum single stress ALT plan. Moreover, a method of planning the optimum multiple stresses ALT plan which can avoid estimating all model parameters is established. An example shows that, the proposed plan which only has two stress level combinations could achieve an accuracy no less than the traditional plan, and save the test time and cost on one stress level combination at least; when the actual product life is less than the design value, even the deviation of the model initial parameters value is up to 20%, the variance of the estimation of thep-th quantile of the proposed plan is still smaller than the traditional plans approximately 25%. A design method is provided for planning the optimum multiple stresses ALT which uses the statistical optimum degenerate test plan as the optimum multiple stresses accelerated life test plan.展开更多
Green building is one of the important issues for human beings to face ecological and environmental crisis and to examine its own behaviors. To realize sustainable development of architectural industry,main problems i...Green building is one of the important issues for human beings to face ecological and environmental crisis and to examine its own behaviors. To realize sustainable development of architectural industry,main problems in planning and design of green building are analyzed,ideas and suggestions for planning and design of domestic green building are put forward,under the guidance of green building evaluation standards,and on the following two aspects,including urban planning and design driven by shortterm benefits and different design emphases due to unilateral understanding of green building.展开更多
The construction of International Tourism Island has accelerated the development of Sanya City. The population aggregation and the external extension of urban area have brought a lot of negative effects, such as disco...The construction of International Tourism Island has accelerated the development of Sanya City. The population aggregation and the external extension of urban area have brought a lot of negative effects, such as discontinuities of green space matrix, dysfunction of green wedge permeation, deficiency of eco-corridor, structural imbalance of green space system and so on. The overall layout of Green space system known as "One Belt & Three Bays, One Core & Six Towns, Two Axes & Three Wedges, Two Net Synchronous-construction" strengthens the eco-connection among different groups and green space in central area of the city, and realizes the collaborative construction of both resource corridor and landscape corridor. The eco-layout of green core, green corridor and green patch helps keep the integrity of large vegetation patches, enhances the eco-connection of different types of green space and improves finger-shaped network of urban green space. The most efficient way to promote the circulation of urban ecosystem and the positive development of Sanya City is to plan multilevel and three-dimensional eco-space structure and maximize ecological benefits of green space system.展开更多
Through investigating colors of Xuzhou City, combining with color planning practices in domestic and foreign cities, current colors and characteristics of main urban districts of Xuzhou City were analyzed, overall ori...Through investigating colors of Xuzhou City, combining with color planning practices in domestic and foreign cities, current colors and characteristics of main urban districts of Xuzhou City were analyzed, overall orientation and design concept of city color were explored, the overall framework of regional building colors and the zoning planning were proposed, to give new concepts for the future city color planning and design.展开更多
With a view of sustainable development, different kinds of farmland consolidation are reviewed. A planning and design mode for eco-sustainable farmland consolidation, which integrated the ecotypic board, the ecotypic ...With a view of sustainable development, different kinds of farmland consolidation are reviewed. A planning and design mode for eco-sustainable farmland consolidation, which integrated the ecotypic board, the ecotypic tunnel, the ecotypic island, and the ecotypic boundary, is proposed. Then, an actual case of farmland consolidation, a project located in Yinzhou County, Zhejiang Province, is used to demonstrate the effective application procedures of the planning and design mode.展开更多
To satisfy the increasing demands of high-speed transmission, high-efficiency computing, and real-time communications in the high-dynamic and heterogeneous networks, the Contact Plan Design(CPD) has attracted continuo...To satisfy the increasing demands of high-speed transmission, high-efficiency computing, and real-time communications in the high-dynamic and heterogeneous networks, the Contact Plan Design(CPD) has attracted continuous attention in recent years, especially for the spatial-node-based Internet of Everything(IoE). In this paper, we study the NP-hardness of contact scheduling and the attenuation of atmospheric precipitation in the spatial-node-based IoE. Two heuristic computing methods for contact plan design are proposed by comprehensively considering the time-varying topology, the intermittent connectivity, and the adaptive transmission in different weather conditions, which are named Contact Plan Design-Particle Swarm Optimization(CPD-PSO) and Contact Plan Design-Greedy algorithm with the Minimum Delivery Time(CPD-GMDT) separately. For the population-based algorithm, CPD-PSO not only solves the CPD problem with a limited-resource condition, but also dynamically adjusts the search scope to ensure the continuous searching capability of the algorithm. For the CPD-GMDT that makes CP decisions based on the current state, the algorithm uses the idea of greedy algorithm to schedule Satellite-Platform Links(SPLs) and Inter Satellite Links(ISLs) respectively using the strategies of optimal matching and load balancing. The simulation results show that the proposed CPD-PSO outperforms Contact Plan Design-Genetic Algorithm(CPD-GA) in terms of fitness and delivery time, and CPD-GMDT presents better overall delay than Fair Contact Plan(FCP).展开更多
The urban developments have been carried out by only professionals for a long time because of efficiency and safety.However,most residents are ordinary people.Therefore,it is necessary to change the awareness of susta...The urban developments have been carried out by only professionals for a long time because of efficiency and safety.However,most residents are ordinary people.Therefore,it is necessary to change the awareness of sustainable living environments,not only on the construction side but also the residents.In recent years,the number of cases of residents' participation in planning,maintaining,and repairing increased.However,sometimes youths and children,who might spend a lifetime longer than adults in a city after the developments have been done,are not included in this "Residents".Concerning youth and children's participation,CFC (child friendly city) is one of the good practices for sustainable development.It was launched by UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) and UN-Habitat in the Habitat II in 1996.City governments,especially in European countries,started to view CFC as their key concept for preservation and/or sustainable development.CFC means not only being "Children" friendly but also "All people" friendly.Various effects have been reported since the Historic Cities/districts included CFC in their city planning as a common concept,especially in education,community re-development,and operation and maintenance by the community.It is expected that better city planning in preservation and sustainable development can be achieved by adding CFC concept.In this research,an ideal way of city planning involving resident participation and the possibility in the future are analyzed based on case studies.Then a strategy of sustainable development and community planning involving youth and children's participation is proposed.展开更多
For optimal design of constant stress accelerated life test(CSALT) with two-stress, if the stresses could not reach the highest levels simultaneously, the test region becomes non-rectangular. For optimal CSALT desig...For optimal design of constant stress accelerated life test(CSALT) with two-stress, if the stresses could not reach the highest levels simultaneously, the test region becomes non-rectangular. For optimal CSALT design on non-rectangle test region, the present method is only focused on non-rectangle test region with simple boundary, and the optimization algorithm is based on experience which can not ensure to obtain the optimal plan. In this paper, considering the linear-extreme value model and the optimization goal to minimize the variance of lifetime estimate under normal stress, the optimal design method of two-stress type-I censored CSALT plan on general non-rectangular test region is proposed. First, two properties of optimal test plans are proved and the relationship of all the optimal test plans is determined analytically. Then, on the basis of the two properties, the optimal problem is simplified and the optimal design method of two-stress CSALT plan on general non-rectangular test region is proposed. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, The result shows that the proposed method could obtain the optimal test plan on non-rectangular test regions with arbitrary boundaries. This research provides the theory and method for two-stress optimal CSALT planning on non-rectangular test regions.展开更多
Accelerated life test(ALT) is currently the main method of assessing product reliability rapidly, and the design of efficient test plans is a critical step to ensure that ALTs can assess the product reliability accura...Accelerated life test(ALT) is currently the main method of assessing product reliability rapidly, and the design of efficient test plans is a critical step to ensure that ALTs can assess the product reliability accurately, quickly, and economically. With the promotion of the national strategy of civil-military integration, ALT will be widely used in the research and development(R&D) of various types of products, and the ALT plan design theory will face further challenges. To aid engineers in selecting appropriate theories and to stimulate researchers to develop the theories required in engineering, with focus on the demands for theory research that arise from the implementation of ALT, this paper reviews and summarizes the development of ALT plan design theory. The development of the theory and method for planning optimal ALT for location-scale distribution, which is the most applied and mature theory of designing the optimal ALT plan, are described in detail. Taking this as the center of radiation, some problems that ALT now faces, such as the verification of the statistical model, limitation of sample size, solutions of resource limits, optimization of the test arrangement, and management of product complexity, are discussed, and the general ideas and methods of solving these problems are analyzed. Suggestions for selecting appropriate ALT plan design theories are proposed, and the urgent solved theory problems and opinions of their solutions are proposed. Based on the principle of convenience for engineers to select appropriate methods according to the problems found in practice, this paper reviews the development of optimal ALT plan design theory by taking the engineering problems arising from the ALT implementation as the main thread, provides guidelines on selecting appropriate theories for engineers, and proposes opinions about the urgent solved theory problems for researchers.展开更多
Through summarizing and analyzing planning objectives, landscape division and natural ecological experience planning of Zhengzhou Forest Park, the authors discussed the application of human-nature harmony in the plann...Through summarizing and analyzing planning objectives, landscape division and natural ecological experience planning of Zhengzhou Forest Park, the authors discussed the application of human-nature harmony in the planning, stressed citizens' needs for experiencing natural ecological environment, and tried to build Zhengzhou Forest Park with picturesque scenery, complete facilities, and harmonious human-nature coexistence.展开更多
Suzhou Sanjiaozui Wetland Park takes the protection of wetland eco-environment system as the core content,highlights regional characteristics of wetland landscapes,and designs leisure,entertainment,science popularizat...Suzhou Sanjiaozui Wetland Park takes the protection of wetland eco-environment system as the core content,highlights regional characteristics of wetland landscapes,and designs leisure,entertainment,science popularization and education projects according to the functional orientations and actual conditions.The design ensures the effective protection and reasonable utilization of wetland resources.展开更多
Engineering designs for mountainous highways emphasize compliance checking to ensure safety. However, relying solely on compliance checking may lead designers to minimize costs at the expense of high risk indicators, ...Engineering designs for mountainous highways emphasize compliance checking to ensure safety. However, relying solely on compliance checking may lead designers to minimize costs at the expense of high risk indicators, since the overall risk level of the highway design is unknown to the designers. This paper describes a method for the simultaneous consideration of traffic safety risks and the associated cost burden related to the appropriate planning and design of a mountainous highway. The method can be carried out in four steps: First, the highway design is represented by a new parametric framework to extract the key design variables that affect not only the life-cycle cost but also the operational safety. Second, the relationship between the life-cycle cost and the operational safety risk factors is established in the cost-estimation functions. Third, a fault tree analysis (FTA) is introduced to identify the traffic risk factors from the design variables. The safety performance of the design solutions is also assessed by the generalized linear-regression model. Fourth, a theory of acceptable risk analysis is introduced to the traffic safety assessment, and a computing algorithm is proposed to solve for a cost-efficient optimal solution within the range of acceptable risk, in order to help decision-makers. This approach was applied and examined in the Sichuan–Tibet Highway engineering project, which is located in a complex area with a large elevation gradient and a wide range of mountains. The experimental results show that the proposed approach significantly improved both the safety and cost performance of the project in the study area.展开更多
s—In the paper, the three main principles of Landscape Ecology are put forward, that is, Holism Principles, Temporal spatial Scales Principles and Level Organization Principles, Eco cybernetic Principles and Mosaic...s—In the paper, the three main principles of Landscape Ecology are put forward, that is, Holism Principles, Temporal spatial Scales Principles and Level Organization Principles, Eco cybernetic Principles and Mosaic Stable Principles. It is considered that landscape ecological planning & design (LEPD) is guided by landscape ecological theory, and its basic aim is to create a sustainable landscape ecological system (LES). Furthermore, a framework approach of LEDP is established, and a case study with Zhuolu Basin is taken with the concepts and the approach.展开更多
Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion en...Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion engine,and so on.In today’s competitive business environment,it is vit ally important for machine tool manufacturers to design flexible transfer line m ore effectively and efficiently according to a wider variety of customer demand s.This paper proposes an approach to a bidding-based flexible transfer line sc hematic design system.By analyzing manual FTL design process,the architecture o f flexible transfer line schematic design system(FTLSDS)is established.The syst em consists:of four processes:part feature modeling,process planning,FTL fac i lity layout and FTL evaluation. For FTL schematic design.a five-level proces s planning strategy named hierarchical process planning method is proposed.This method includes selection of manufacturing feature machining operation;part se t-up planning,feature sequencing,operation sequencing and process plan genera ting.The major decision relies on setup planning.According to the proceeding o f the hierarchical process planning,the structure of reasoning is proposed base d on blackboard.Under this paradigm,a cooperative effort between a hybrid coll ection of knowledge sources is possible.Total reasoning task can be divided int o some subtasks,and recursive-reasoning system is formed.It is convenient for process planning with step-by-step solution.Meanwhile,the blackboard is use d as the global data exchange area during all reasoning process.By using modula r technology,special purpose machine tools can be designed more efficiently and rapidly.The framework of machine modular design system to support machine requ irement design for FTL is established.By synthesizing the FTL evaluation criter ia.five evaluation criteria of flexible transfer 1ine schematic design are take n into account.An exampie is supplied to demonstrate and verify the validity an d feasibility of flexible transfer line schematic design approach.展开更多
Due to the rapid economic and social development, the quality of life of people has been significantly improved, and people's demand for living environment has become increasingly high, which has increased people&...Due to the rapid economic and social development, the quality of life of people has been significantly improved, and people's demand for living environment has become increasingly high, which has increased people's awareness of landscaping. Because of the development of urbanization, however, most cities have lost their balance in the ecological environment although they seem to have the modern flavor of life. Integrating garden design with plant protection is an important measure to protect the ecological environment and maintain ecological balance. How to protect the plants in urban garden planning and design has become a problem to be solved by garden designers. In this paper, the relationship between garden design and plant protection was elaborated, the status quo and problems of ornamental plant protection were analyzed, and measures to protect ornamental plants were proposed.展开更多
文摘With the rapid development of urbanization,landscape architecture has become an indispensable component of daily life.In order to achieve better landscape effects and protect the ecological environment,landscape ecology theory can be integrated into landscape planning to carry out disciplinary crossing and integration research between landscape ecology and landscape architecture.In this study,based on the basic theories of landscape ecology,the waterfront landscape of Dapo Town was designed,with the aim to achieve ecological balance in planning,showcase biodiversity,and create a harmonious landscape ecological environment which can benefit both nature and people.This design combined artificial and natural elements while improving the natural environment,which promoted a harmonious relationship between humans and nature,thus enriching the spatial organization of the city,and playing a role in regulating the urban environment and climate.
基金supported by the Chenguang Program of the Shanghai Education Development Foundation and the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
文摘This research establishes a strategic framework for developing a salt culture-themed agricultural garden in Jintan,Jiangsu to boost rural vibrancy and cultural tourism while honoring local salt heritage.It employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)for a data-driven and structured approach to evaluate the sustainability and cultural significance of agricultural initiatives.This framework ensures a balanced blend of agriculture,culture,and tourism to foster a sustainable and culturally rich experience.The study highlights the value of structured methodologies in planning culturally impactful agricultural projects.
文摘Shanbei Village is a village in Yunfu of Guangdong,which has been seriously affected by flood disasters.In the context of the construction of beautiful countryside,utilizing the concept of resilience stormwater,construction ideas of beautiful countryside of combining the prevention and control of village flood disasters with economic and social development and cultural heritage are proposed.The planning methods of adjusting the planting way of crops,demolition of dwellings in submerged areas and development and utilization of ancient dwellings,sorting out drainage systems and planning“large,medium and small sponges”,and improving the drainage capacity of culverts are summarized.
基金Sponsored by Special Cultural Research Project of Xing Culture Engineering of Henan Province(2022XWH132).
文摘Urban geopark is the backyard garden of urban residents’life.Geological landscape popular science exhibition enables people to receive geological popular science knowledge easily and happily while playing,which will virtually strengthen people’s protection awareness of urban geological landscape.Urban geopark landscape is featured by unique typical geological characteristics.It is a realistic problem that troubles the planning and design of geological landscape popular science exhibition in urban geopark by effectively protecting these geological landscapes and upgrading them into urban popular science leisure tourism resources.Taking Zhengzhou Yellow River National Geopark as an example,this paper systematically studies the planning and design of geological landscape popular science exhibition in urban geopark.
文摘By studying the behavioral psychology and needs of children,this paper analyzes the essence of child-friendly parks from the perspective of children,and discusses the design principles and key points of child-friendly parks,so as to provide a practical basis for the construction of child-friendly cities.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.50935002,51075370,51105341,51275480,51305402)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.Y1100777)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Key Science and Technology Innovation Team (Grant No.2010R50005)Key Program of Science and Technology of Sichuan Provincial Education Department,China (Grant No.14ZA0005)
文摘For planning optimum multiple stresses accelerated life test plans, a commonly followed guiding principle is that all parameters of the life-stress relationship should be estimated, and the number of the stress level combinations must be no less than the number of parameters of the life-stress relationship. However, the general objective of an accelerated life test(ALT) is to assess thep-th quantile of the product life distribution under normal stress. For this objective,estimating all model parameters is not necessary, and this will increase the cost of test. Based on the theoretical conclusion that the stress level combinations of the optimum multiple stresses ALT plan locate on a straight line through the origin of coordinate, it is proposed that a design idea of planning the optimum multiple stresses ALT plan through transforming the problem of designing an optimum multiple stresses ALT plan to designing an optimum single stress ALT plan. Moreover, a method of planning the optimum multiple stresses ALT plan which can avoid estimating all model parameters is established. An example shows that, the proposed plan which only has two stress level combinations could achieve an accuracy no less than the traditional plan, and save the test time and cost on one stress level combination at least; when the actual product life is less than the design value, even the deviation of the model initial parameters value is up to 20%, the variance of the estimation of thep-th quantile of the proposed plan is still smaller than the traditional plans approximately 25%. A design method is provided for planning the optimum multiple stresses ALT which uses the statistical optimum degenerate test plan as the optimum multiple stresses accelerated life test plan.
文摘Green building is one of the important issues for human beings to face ecological and environmental crisis and to examine its own behaviors. To realize sustainable development of architectural industry,main problems in planning and design of green building are analyzed,ideas and suggestions for planning and design of domestic green building are put forward,under the guidance of green building evaluation standards,and on the following two aspects,including urban planning and design driven by shortterm benefits and different design emphases due to unilateral understanding of green building.
基金Sponsored by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Fund(411095)Hainan Provincial Philosophical and Social Science Planning Program(HNSK(JD)11-1)Sanya University-Local Goverment Science&Technology Cooperation Program(2013YD53)
文摘The construction of International Tourism Island has accelerated the development of Sanya City. The population aggregation and the external extension of urban area have brought a lot of negative effects, such as discontinuities of green space matrix, dysfunction of green wedge permeation, deficiency of eco-corridor, structural imbalance of green space system and so on. The overall layout of Green space system known as "One Belt & Three Bays, One Core & Six Towns, Two Axes & Three Wedges, Two Net Synchronous-construction" strengthens the eco-connection among different groups and green space in central area of the city, and realizes the collaborative construction of both resource corridor and landscape corridor. The eco-layout of green core, green corridor and green patch helps keep the integrity of large vegetation patches, enhances the eco-connection of different types of green space and improves finger-shaped network of urban green space. The most efficient way to promote the circulation of urban ecosystem and the positive development of Sanya City is to plan multilevel and three-dimensional eco-space structure and maximize ecological benefits of green space system.
文摘Through investigating colors of Xuzhou City, combining with color planning practices in domestic and foreign cities, current colors and characteristics of main urban districts of Xuzhou City were analyzed, overall orientation and design concept of city color were explored, the overall framework of regional building colors and the zoning planning were proposed, to give new concepts for the future city color planning and design.
基金1Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 70273069).
文摘With a view of sustainable development, different kinds of farmland consolidation are reviewed. A planning and design mode for eco-sustainable farmland consolidation, which integrated the ecotypic board, the ecotypic tunnel, the ecotypic island, and the ecotypic boundary, is proposed. Then, an actual case of farmland consolidation, a project located in Yinzhou County, Zhejiang Province, is used to demonstrate the effective application procedures of the planning and design mode.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation in China (61601075, 61671092, 61771120, 61801105)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University (N171602002)the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (cstc2016jcyjA0174)
文摘To satisfy the increasing demands of high-speed transmission, high-efficiency computing, and real-time communications in the high-dynamic and heterogeneous networks, the Contact Plan Design(CPD) has attracted continuous attention in recent years, especially for the spatial-node-based Internet of Everything(IoE). In this paper, we study the NP-hardness of contact scheduling and the attenuation of atmospheric precipitation in the spatial-node-based IoE. Two heuristic computing methods for contact plan design are proposed by comprehensively considering the time-varying topology, the intermittent connectivity, and the adaptive transmission in different weather conditions, which are named Contact Plan Design-Particle Swarm Optimization(CPD-PSO) and Contact Plan Design-Greedy algorithm with the Minimum Delivery Time(CPD-GMDT) separately. For the population-based algorithm, CPD-PSO not only solves the CPD problem with a limited-resource condition, but also dynamically adjusts the search scope to ensure the continuous searching capability of the algorithm. For the CPD-GMDT that makes CP decisions based on the current state, the algorithm uses the idea of greedy algorithm to schedule Satellite-Platform Links(SPLs) and Inter Satellite Links(ISLs) respectively using the strategies of optimal matching and load balancing. The simulation results show that the proposed CPD-PSO outperforms Contact Plan Design-Genetic Algorithm(CPD-GA) in terms of fitness and delivery time, and CPD-GMDT presents better overall delay than Fair Contact Plan(FCP).
文摘The urban developments have been carried out by only professionals for a long time because of efficiency and safety.However,most residents are ordinary people.Therefore,it is necessary to change the awareness of sustainable living environments,not only on the construction side but also the residents.In recent years,the number of cases of residents' participation in planning,maintaining,and repairing increased.However,sometimes youths and children,who might spend a lifetime longer than adults in a city after the developments have been done,are not included in this "Residents".Concerning youth and children's participation,CFC (child friendly city) is one of the good practices for sustainable development.It was launched by UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) and UN-Habitat in the Habitat II in 1996.City governments,especially in European countries,started to view CFC as their key concept for preservation and/or sustainable development.CFC means not only being "Children" friendly but also "All people" friendly.Various effects have been reported since the Historic Cities/districts included CFC in their city planning as a common concept,especially in education,community re-development,and operation and maintenance by the community.It is expected that better city planning in preservation and sustainable development can be achieved by adding CFC concept.In this research,an ideal way of city planning involving resident participation and the possibility in the future are analyzed based on case studies.Then a strategy of sustainable development and community planning involving youth and children's participation is proposed.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 50935002, 51075370, 51105341)National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program, Grant No. 2007AA04Z409)+1 种基金the Technology Foundation of National Defense ProgramZhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. Y1100777, Y1080762)
文摘For optimal design of constant stress accelerated life test(CSALT) with two-stress, if the stresses could not reach the highest levels simultaneously, the test region becomes non-rectangular. For optimal CSALT design on non-rectangle test region, the present method is only focused on non-rectangle test region with simple boundary, and the optimization algorithm is based on experience which can not ensure to obtain the optimal plan. In this paper, considering the linear-extreme value model and the optimization goal to minimize the variance of lifetime estimate under normal stress, the optimal design method of two-stress type-I censored CSALT plan on general non-rectangular test region is proposed. First, two properties of optimal test plans are proved and the relationship of all the optimal test plans is determined analytically. Then, on the basis of the two properties, the optimal problem is simplified and the optimal design method of two-stress CSALT plan on general non-rectangular test region is proposed. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, The result shows that the proposed method could obtain the optimal test plan on non-rectangular test regions with arbitrary boundaries. This research provides the theory and method for two-stress optimal CSALT planning on non-rectangular test regions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275480,51305402,51405447)International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China(Grant No.2015DFA71400)
文摘Accelerated life test(ALT) is currently the main method of assessing product reliability rapidly, and the design of efficient test plans is a critical step to ensure that ALTs can assess the product reliability accurately, quickly, and economically. With the promotion of the national strategy of civil-military integration, ALT will be widely used in the research and development(R&D) of various types of products, and the ALT plan design theory will face further challenges. To aid engineers in selecting appropriate theories and to stimulate researchers to develop the theories required in engineering, with focus on the demands for theory research that arise from the implementation of ALT, this paper reviews and summarizes the development of ALT plan design theory. The development of the theory and method for planning optimal ALT for location-scale distribution, which is the most applied and mature theory of designing the optimal ALT plan, are described in detail. Taking this as the center of radiation, some problems that ALT now faces, such as the verification of the statistical model, limitation of sample size, solutions of resource limits, optimization of the test arrangement, and management of product complexity, are discussed, and the general ideas and methods of solving these problems are analyzed. Suggestions for selecting appropriate ALT plan design theories are proposed, and the urgent solved theory problems and opinions of their solutions are proposed. Based on the principle of convenience for engineers to select appropriate methods according to the problems found in practice, this paper reviews the development of optimal ALT plan design theory by taking the engineering problems arising from the ALT implementation as the main thread, provides guidelines on selecting appropriate theories for engineers, and proposes opinions about the urgent solved theory problems for researchers.
文摘Through summarizing and analyzing planning objectives, landscape division and natural ecological experience planning of Zhengzhou Forest Park, the authors discussed the application of human-nature harmony in the planning, stressed citizens' needs for experiencing natural ecological environment, and tried to build Zhengzhou Forest Park with picturesque scenery, complete facilities, and harmonious human-nature coexistence.
基金Sponsored by 2012 Young Teacher’s Research Ability Improvement Plan of Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture (PPS201201)
文摘Suzhou Sanjiaozui Wetland Park takes the protection of wetland eco-environment system as the core content,highlights regional characteristics of wetland landscapes,and designs leisure,entertainment,science popularization and education projects according to the functional orientations and actual conditions.The design ensures the effective protection and reasonable utilization of wetland resources.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71732001, 51878311, and 51678265)the Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (2017-XZ-12).
文摘Engineering designs for mountainous highways emphasize compliance checking to ensure safety. However, relying solely on compliance checking may lead designers to minimize costs at the expense of high risk indicators, since the overall risk level of the highway design is unknown to the designers. This paper describes a method for the simultaneous consideration of traffic safety risks and the associated cost burden related to the appropriate planning and design of a mountainous highway. The method can be carried out in four steps: First, the highway design is represented by a new parametric framework to extract the key design variables that affect not only the life-cycle cost but also the operational safety. Second, the relationship between the life-cycle cost and the operational safety risk factors is established in the cost-estimation functions. Third, a fault tree analysis (FTA) is introduced to identify the traffic risk factors from the design variables. The safety performance of the design solutions is also assessed by the generalized linear-regression model. Fourth, a theory of acceptable risk analysis is introduced to the traffic safety assessment, and a computing algorithm is proposed to solve for a cost-efficient optimal solution within the range of acceptable risk, in order to help decision-makers. This approach was applied and examined in the Sichuan–Tibet Highway engineering project, which is located in a complex area with a large elevation gradient and a wide range of mountains. The experimental results show that the proposed approach significantly improved both the safety and cost performance of the project in the study area.
基金UndertheauspicesoftheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .4 9671 0 36) .
文摘s—In the paper, the three main principles of Landscape Ecology are put forward, that is, Holism Principles, Temporal spatial Scales Principles and Level Organization Principles, Eco cybernetic Principles and Mosaic Stable Principles. It is considered that landscape ecological planning & design (LEPD) is guided by landscape ecological theory, and its basic aim is to create a sustainable landscape ecological system (LES). Furthermore, a framework approach of LEDP is established, and a case study with Zhuolu Basin is taken with the concepts and the approach.
文摘Flexible transfer line(FTL)is now widely used in ma ny manufacturing domains to realize efficiently,high quantity and economic prod uction.These manufacturing domains include automobile,tractor,internal-combu stion engine,and so on.In today’s competitive business environment,it is vit ally important for machine tool manufacturers to design flexible transfer line m ore effectively and efficiently according to a wider variety of customer demand s.This paper proposes an approach to a bidding-based flexible transfer line sc hematic design system.By analyzing manual FTL design process,the architecture o f flexible transfer line schematic design system(FTLSDS)is established.The syst em consists:of four processes:part feature modeling,process planning,FTL fac i lity layout and FTL evaluation. For FTL schematic design.a five-level proces s planning strategy named hierarchical process planning method is proposed.This method includes selection of manufacturing feature machining operation;part se t-up planning,feature sequencing,operation sequencing and process plan genera ting.The major decision relies on setup planning.According to the proceeding o f the hierarchical process planning,the structure of reasoning is proposed base d on blackboard.Under this paradigm,a cooperative effort between a hybrid coll ection of knowledge sources is possible.Total reasoning task can be divided int o some subtasks,and recursive-reasoning system is formed.It is convenient for process planning with step-by-step solution.Meanwhile,the blackboard is use d as the global data exchange area during all reasoning process.By using modula r technology,special purpose machine tools can be designed more efficiently and rapidly.The framework of machine modular design system to support machine requ irement design for FTL is established.By synthesizing the FTL evaluation criter ia.five evaluation criteria of flexible transfer 1ine schematic design are take n into account.An exampie is supplied to demonstrate and verify the validity an d feasibility of flexible transfer line schematic design approach.
文摘Due to the rapid economic and social development, the quality of life of people has been significantly improved, and people's demand for living environment has become increasingly high, which has increased people's awareness of landscaping. Because of the development of urbanization, however, most cities have lost their balance in the ecological environment although they seem to have the modern flavor of life. Integrating garden design with plant protection is an important measure to protect the ecological environment and maintain ecological balance. How to protect the plants in urban garden planning and design has become a problem to be solved by garden designers. In this paper, the relationship between garden design and plant protection was elaborated, the status quo and problems of ornamental plant protection were analyzed, and measures to protect ornamental plants were proposed.