Preliminary Study on Overseas Applicability of Chinese Architectural Design Standards:Taking China-Aided Construction Projects in Asia Since the Belt and Road Initiative as Examples

This research takes China-aided construction projects in Asia since the Belt and Road Initiative as examples to explore the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards in other Asian countries.So far,the standards demonstrated the highest applicability in South Asia is the best followed by Southeast Asia.Chinese architectural design standards for educational buildings showed the highest applicability,followed by office,medical,and sports buildings.This study puts forward some strategies to improve the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards.These strategies include integrating regionalism and local cultural traditions,optimizing energy efficiency,and aligning designs with local usage habits.This study serves as a reference for similar projects in the future.

Research on Key Points of Design of Standard Plants in Modern Industrial Parks Under the Background of Promoting the Development of New Quality Productive Forces

With the progress of science and technology and the acceleration of industrialization,the modern industrial park is an important carrier of industrial development.The importance of its standard plant design has become increasingly prominent.With the development of new quality productive forces as the background,this research deeply discusses the key points of standard plant design in modern industrial parks.This paper uses literature review and case analysis to systematically analyze the important role of standard plant design in developing new quality productive forces in modern industrial parks and puts forward suggestions for optimizing design.It is found that the rationality,intelligence,and environmental protection of plant design are the key factors affecting the development of new quality productive forces.The paper summarizes the core points of modern industrial park standard plant design to provide a reference for the future development of related industries.

A comparative study on design standards of screw conveyors in China,Germany and the USA-PartⅠ:Theoretical calculation and quantitative analysis

Screw conveyors,widely used devices for transporting bulk materials,play an irreplaceable role in the modern industrial system.Despite of their traditional advantages,designers of screw conveyors still heavily rely on their own country's experiments and standards,which are closely related to empirical data.Therefore,the same conveying task often results in different designs.This work aims to compare the design standards of screw conveyors in China,Germany and the USA.Based on related standards acquired from renowned associations in the three countries,the similarities and particularities of these design guidances are compared.With preforming the geometrical and operational designs for horizon-tal,slightly inclined and vertical conveyance of three representative bulk solids(barley,lignite,sand),the advantages and disadvantages of these semi-empirical designs are comprehensively presented.Fur-thermore,the potential influence of empirical coefficients,which are not explicitly documented,are extensively discussed.By analysing all outcomes,the compatibility and applicability of each standard are qualitatively assessed.

Key Issues and Compiling Approach of Accessibility Design Standards:A Case Study of Shenzhen

Both practice and research of accessible design in China are still in the initial stage,while the regulations and standardization of accessibility is taking shape.Under the framework of engineering standards based on instrumental rationality,to present the core value of humanism and to define the limitations of universal design in the standards are the key issues worth discussing continuously.By comparing the standards of China and abroad,this paper attempts to clarify the approaches for compiling the Accessibility Design Standards for Shenzhen.At the same time,it provides materials for discussion by showing the difficulties and assumptions during the compilation.

Design Method of Equipment Optimization Development Based on Standardization Theory

The matters of equipment optimization development are usually discrete,fuzzy and non-quantitative.It is difficult directly to optimize the equipment development with a mathematical model.A set of methods for designing the equipment optimization development with six dimensions and eight main elements is established based on the theory and method of standardization.The top-tier design space of systematic development of equipment is built up by the relations of basic models,series and model spectrums.The relations of time and space for equipment optimization development are established.The design processes of a six dimension systematic space are expounded.The connotation of each plan in the main system space is analyzed.A design method for an entire equipment is established with standardization theory.The coordinating design methods of equipment technical system and the optimization design methods of equipment integration are discussed.The design methods for universalization and serialization of components and parts are established.The design methods of equipment optimization development highlight the relations of the basic model of platform,the serialization of platform basic models,the modularization of equipment functions,the model spectrum of variant equipment,and the universalization and serialization of components and parts.

Comparison of seismic actions and structural design requirements in Chinese Code GB 50011 and International Standard ISO 3010

This papcr presents a comparison between the Chinese Code GB50011-2001 and the International Standard ISO3010:2001(E),emphasizing the similarities and differences related to design requirements,seismic actions and analytical approaches.Similarities include:earthquake return period,conceptual design,site classification,structural strength and ductility requirements,deformation limits,response spectra,seismic analysis procedures,isolation and energy dissipation, and nonstructural elements.Differences exist in the following areas:seismic levels,earthquake loading,mode damping factors and structural control.

The Relationship between Interchangeability Standards and Precision Design in Teaching a Course on Interchangeability and Measurement Techniques

This article discusses some views on the relationship between carrying out and applying standards and precision design and the teaching of a course on interchangeability and measurement techniques. It points out that while emphasizing precision design, we should not underrate the significance of interchangeability and standardization. Although there are presently many teaching models available for such courses, each course should be designed separately to preserve its systematic character and integrality. As well, the development of students' abilities in precision design and the application of standards should be strengthened in experimental lessons within each course.

国内外大型邮轮设计建造标准化研究

大型邮轮核心设计建造技术是我国造船行业正在攻克的技术难点之一。本文通过对比分析国内外大型邮轮设计建造技术的发展现状,研究我国大型邮轮自主可控设计建造技术的发展方向,梳理国内外大型邮轮设计建造领域标准化工作进程,明确我国自主技术标准研制的需求与关键内容,提出我国大型邮轮自主设计建造标准化工作发展建议,为今后我国大型邮轮设计建造领域加快推进数字化智能化技术深度应用、加大关键技术标准研制力度、构建完善技术标准体系、实现行业的转型升级提供理论指导。

气象业务综合监视数据标准化设计与应用

打造开放的气象综合业务实时监控体系,全面提升气象业务的运行质量与效率是气象信息化发展的重要工作。针对气象综合业务监视范围广泛、内容多样以及传输密集等特性,为实现海量监视数据高效、完整及准确的采集、传输与处理,本文设计了一种基于标准化数据分类的可扩展的监视数据内容模型。该模型对种类繁多的监视数据进行抽象与概括,划分了监视数据的类别;描述了每一类别监视数据的通用属性;同时依据核心监视功能的数据需求,在通用属性的基础上进一步设计了典型的监视数据属性域内容。该模型具备通用性、可扩展性特点,在中国气象局“气象综合业务实时监控系统(天镜)”的建设中得到广泛应用,并在2022年发布为气象行业标准,为国省共有核心监控功能的实现以及各省特有监控范围的扩充提供了有效的监视数据支撑。

Application of Standardization for Initial Design of Plastic Injection Moulds

Today, the time-to-market for plastic products ar e getting shorter, thus the lead-time for making the injection mould is decreasin g. There is potential in timesavings in the mould design stage because the design process that is repeatable for every mould design can be standardized. T he preliminary work of any final plastic injection mould design is to always pro vide an initial design of the mould assembly for product designers (customers) p rior to receiving the final product CAD data. Traditionally and even up till no w, this initial design is always created using 2D CAD packages. The information used for the initial design is based on the technical discussion checklist, in which most mould makers have their own standards. This checklist is also being used as a quotation since the most basic information of the mould in the particu lar project is being recorded in it. The basic information in this checklist in cludes the number of cavities, the type of mould base to be used, the moulding m achine to be used for the moulding, the type of gating system, the type of resin material used and its shrinkage value etc. Information on special requirements such as the number of sliders or lifters to be used is also listed in the check list. At this stage, there is still no information on the cooling and ejection design since they are greatly dependent on the final product CAD data. This res earch focuses on the methodology of providing the initial design in 3D solid bas ed on the technical discussion checklist, which takes the role of the overall st andard template since every sub-design has its own standard template. An examp le of a sub-design that has its own standard template is the cavity layout desi gn. The cavity layout for plastic injection moulds can be designed by controlli ng the geometrical parameters using a standardization template. The standardiza tion template for the cavity layout design consists of configurations for the po ssible layouts. Each configuration of the layout design has its own layout desi gn table of all the geometrical parameters. This standardization template is pr e-defined in the layout design level of the mould assembly design. This ensure s that the required configuration can be loaded into the mould assembly design v ery quickly without having the need to redesign the layout. This makes it usefu l for technical discussions between the product designers and mould designers pr ior to the manufacture of the mould. Changes can be made to the 3D cavity layou t design immediately during the discussions thus the savings in time and avo idance of miscommunications.

日本HEAS-02-2022《医院设施设计指南(空调设备篇)》介绍

日本HEAS-02《医院设施设计指南(空调设备篇)》已经持续应用了30多年,对我国医院建设影响较大。历经4次修订,最新颁布的2022版是由医学主席在疫情中主持修订的,鉴于气溶胶新的传播特性提出了相应的合适措施。在医疗环境控制方面提出了许多新的思路与措施,局部修订了空气洁净度级别和各医疗科室的通风要求。依据感染管理风险评估及推荐强度与证据质量实施合理的医疗环境控制,并对一些关注点进行了澄清。

SolidWorks中自建标准库的一种方法

以非标螺钉为例,论述了在SolidWorks中利用设计表来生成配置的两种方法,同时论述了插入到装配体中的两种方法,比较了这些方法的优劣。最后得出自建标准库的一种较优方法:用特征配置功能新建设计表并生成配置,再添加到设计库。实践证明:用该方法自建标准库,编辑、修改方便,可实现一键装配,提高了设计的效率。

电气设备抗震设计规范及水泥工程管线桥架抗震设计分析

分析了国内外现行电气设备抗震设计相关标准规范,分析了水泥工程中常用的不同型号的电气配管、母线槽、电缆桥架是否需作抗震设防设计,提出了抗震支吊架设计使用注意事项,利用Revit软件制作了抗震支吊架族模型,以满足水泥工程总承包项目抗震设防需求。

学习中心视角下的大单元教学设计

大单元作为学习单位的本质规定,意味着大单元教学的重心不是教授内容而是组织和引导学习,也决定了其教学设计必须以学习为中心。学习中心视角下,大单元教学设计在任务设定、内容生成和时间安排方面分别遵循依学施教、因学而成和以学定时的理念。其内在逻辑表现为,以大观念为内核生成大单元,以大任务为起点驱动大单元,以大活动为过程展开大单元。大单元教学要在素养目标与现实材料的双向比对中提取大观念,在理论学习与经验学习的双层考量中构建大任务,在素养针对性与学科典型性的双重观照中设计大活动。其过程设计可按进阶式学习、平行式学习、迭代式学习等模式展开。

论我国可分离性标准的重塑

美国法中的可分离性标准是立法政策选择的结果,本质上是一项事实命题。我国司法实践中的可分离性标准借鉴自美国立法,但由于缺乏实体法依据,其被视为思想/表达二分法的自然推论加以适用,这决定了我国的可分离性标准在本质上有别于美国,是一项价值命题。司法实践对这一差异的忽视导致可分离性标准在我国的适用出现了判断困境、逻辑矛盾以及功能异化等问题。对此,应当明确可分离性标准的价值命题属性,并基于著作权法平衡激励创造与保留进入之要求,以公平和效率为价值取向重塑我国的可分离性标准。具体制度构建方面,将可分离性标准定位为权利范围的限定准则,根据实用艺术品艺术性表达部分的可替代程度之高低适用不同类别的保护模式。

高校师资队伍标准化培养方案的设计与实施

在高等教育领域,高校师资队伍的素质和能力对教学质量和教育改革起着至关重要的作用。为了提高高校师资队伍的整体水平,许多高校开始关注和实施师资队伍标准化培养方案,旨在通过系统性的培训和发展,提升教师的教学能力、学科素养和专业水平,以适应教育改革和社会需求的变化。如何设计和实施有效的师资培养方案是一个值得深入研究的问题。基于此,本文从培养目标、培养方案、评估反馈等多个角度详细阐述高校师资队伍标准化培养方案的设计与实施。

人工智能产品人机交互设计标准化研究

人工智能技术的发展催生了大批量智能产品,推动了人机交互模式的转变,对人机交互设计提出更高要求。系统梳理人机交互技术在人工智能产品中的应用和发展,分析近几年的人机交互技术的发展趋势,构建面向人工智能产品的人机交互三维体系构架,理清人机交互设计领域工作范围和边界。研究交互设计标准化的必要性和可行性,梳理人工智能产品的交互设计中的标准化需求,结合目前国内外交互设计方面的标准化工作,提出人机交互设计领域标准化重点研究内容。

城市公园设施配置标准与设计原则研究——以广州为例

城市公园设施的高质量建设对促进公园游憩服务效益的发挥起到重要作用。目前有关城市公园设施的相关学术研究与标准化工作虽然探讨了部分设施的设计方法与要求,但尚未形成专门且系统的研究结论或设计标准。通过对相关研究与标准化进程的梳理,以及对当前广州市城市公园设施配置情况的调查与分析,试图理清城市公园设施的评价与配置原则。认为城市公园设施宜包括游憩设施、服务设施、管理设施三大类,并提出应从设施的种类、规模、布局、品质四方面的合理性、适宜性和实用性进行设计。以期为今后城市公园设施的新建、改建、扩建工作提供方法借鉴及经验参考,为相关标准的制定提供原则性指导。