Four types of seismic design details were tested using 11 transfer column specimens and one comparison specimen of RC under low cyclic reversed loading. Test results show that diagonal cracks control the failure patte...Four types of seismic design details were tested using 11 transfer column specimens and one comparison specimen of RC under low cyclic reversed loading. Test results show that diagonal cracks control the failure pattern and damage occurs mainly in the RC section with weak shear capacity in the transfer columns. There is a large difference in the bearing capacity and ductility of the transfer columns according to the test results, which indicates that the strengthening effect of diverse structural measures is quite different. The section ratio of I-section-encased steel and the axial compression ratio also have a great influence on the bearing capacity and ductility. Although the bearing capacity of transfer columns with additional longitudinal bars and additional X bars is relatively large, they have poor deformation capacity. Setting more stirrups along the columns is the best structural measure to enhance the seismic performance. The studs on the I-sectionencased steel by welding can help to complete the stress transfer between the steel and concrete, and avoid performance degradation of the two materials due to bonding failure.展开更多
This paper addresses the issue of designing the detailed architectures of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs), which has a great impact on the overall performances of an FPGA in practice. Firstly, a novel FPGA archi...This paper addresses the issue of designing the detailed architectures of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs), which has a great impact on the overall performances of an FPGA in practice. Firstly, a novel FPGA architecture description model is proposed based on an easy-to-use file format known as YAML. This format permits the description of any detailed architecture of hard blocks and channels. Then a general algorithm of building FPGA resource graph is presented. The proposed model is scalable and capable of dealing with detailed architecture design and can be used in FPGA architecture evaluation system which is developed to enable detailed architecture design. Experimental results show that a maximum of 16.36% reduction in total wirelength and a maximum of 9.34% reduction in router effort can be obtained by making very little changes to detailed architectures, which verifies the necessity and effectiveness of the proposed model.展开更多
Dividing wall column(DWC)is shown to be energy efficient compared to conventional column sequence for multi components separation,which is used for olefin separation in fluidization methanol to propylene process in th...Dividing wall column(DWC)is shown to be energy efficient compared to conventional column sequence for multi components separation,which is used for olefin separation in fluidization methanol to propylene process in the present work.Detailed design for pilot DWC was performed and five control structures,i.e.composition control(CC),temperature control(TC),composition-temperature control(CC-TC),temperature difference control(TDC),double temperature difference control(DTDC)were proposed to circumvent feed disturbance.Sensitivity analysis and singular value decomposition(SVD)were used as criterion to select the controlled temperature locations in TC,CC-TC,TDC and DTDC control loops.The steady simulation result demonstrates that 25.7% and 30.2% duty can be saved for condenser and reboiler by substituting conventional column sequence with DWC,respectively.As for control structure selection,TC and TDC perform better than other three control schemes with smaller maximum deviation and shorter settling time.展开更多
Emergency services and utilities need appropriate planning tools to analyze and improve infrastructure and community resilience to disasters.Recognized as a key metric of community resilience is the social well-being ...Emergency services and utilities need appropriate planning tools to analyze and improve infrastructure and community resilience to disasters.Recognized as a key metric of community resilience is the social well-being of a community during a disaster,which is made up of mental and physical social health.Other factors influencing community resilience directly or indirectly are emotional health,emergency services,and the availability of critical infrastructures services,such as food,agriculture,water,transportation,electric power,and communications system.It turns out that in computational social science literature dealing with community resilience,the role of these critical infrastructures along with some important social characteristics is not considered.To address these weaknesses,we develop a new multi-agent based stochastic dynamical model,standardized by overview,design concepts,details,and decision(ODD+D)protocol and derived from neuro-science,psychological and social sciences,to measure community resilience in terms of mental and physical well-being.Using this model,we analyze the micro-macro level dependence between the emergency services and power systems and social characteristics such as fear,risk perception,informationseeking behaviour,cooperation,flexibility,empathy,and experience,in an artificial society.Furthermore,we simulate this model in two case studies and show that a high level of flexibility,experience,and cooperation enhances community resilience.Implications for both theory and practice are discussed.展开更多
Title Page The title page(page 1,do not number)should contain these elements:a)full title;b)Each authors'names,academic degrees,and affiliations(if Chinese,give standard English version);c)the designated correspon...Title Page The title page(page 1,do not number)should contain these elements:a)full title;b)Each authors'names,academic degrees,and affiliations(if Chinese,give standard English version);c)the designated corresponding author's name,mailing address,telephone and fax numbers,and e-mail address;d)source(s)of financial support of the study;e)the total word count of the manuscript,including the title page,abstract,text,references,tables,and figures legends.展开更多
基金Supported by:National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51208175the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant Nos.2015B17514 and 2016B20514
文摘Four types of seismic design details were tested using 11 transfer column specimens and one comparison specimen of RC under low cyclic reversed loading. Test results show that diagonal cracks control the failure pattern and damage occurs mainly in the RC section with weak shear capacity in the transfer columns. There is a large difference in the bearing capacity and ductility of the transfer columns according to the test results, which indicates that the strengthening effect of diverse structural measures is quite different. The section ratio of I-section-encased steel and the axial compression ratio also have a great influence on the bearing capacity and ductility. Although the bearing capacity of transfer columns with additional longitudinal bars and additional X bars is relatively large, they have poor deformation capacity. Setting more stirrups along the columns is the best structural measure to enhance the seismic performance. The studs on the I-sectionencased steel by welding can help to complete the stress transfer between the steel and concrete, and avoid performance degradation of the two materials due to bonding failure.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Develop Program of China(No.2012AA012301)National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2013ZX03006004)
文摘This paper addresses the issue of designing the detailed architectures of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs), which has a great impact on the overall performances of an FPGA in practice. Firstly, a novel FPGA architecture description model is proposed based on an easy-to-use file format known as YAML. This format permits the description of any detailed architecture of hard blocks and channels. Then a general algorithm of building FPGA resource graph is presented. The proposed model is scalable and capable of dealing with detailed architecture design and can be used in FPGA architecture evaluation system which is developed to enable detailed architecture design. Experimental results show that a maximum of 16.36% reduction in total wirelength and a maximum of 9.34% reduction in router effort can be obtained by making very little changes to detailed architectures, which verifies the necessity and effectiveness of the proposed model.
基金Supported by Open Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(Grant No.SKL-Ch E-16B06)
文摘Dividing wall column(DWC)is shown to be energy efficient compared to conventional column sequence for multi components separation,which is used for olefin separation in fluidization methanol to propylene process in the present work.Detailed design for pilot DWC was performed and five control structures,i.e.composition control(CC),temperature control(TC),composition-temperature control(CC-TC),temperature difference control(TDC),double temperature difference control(DTDC)were proposed to circumvent feed disturbance.Sensitivity analysis and singular value decomposition(SVD)were used as criterion to select the controlled temperature locations in TC,CC-TC,TDC and DTDC control loops.The steady simulation result demonstrates that 25.7% and 30.2% duty can be saved for condenser and reboiler by substituting conventional column sequence with DWC,respectively.As for control structure selection,TC and TDC perform better than other three control schemes with smaller maximum deviation and shorter settling time.
文摘Emergency services and utilities need appropriate planning tools to analyze and improve infrastructure and community resilience to disasters.Recognized as a key metric of community resilience is the social well-being of a community during a disaster,which is made up of mental and physical social health.Other factors influencing community resilience directly or indirectly are emotional health,emergency services,and the availability of critical infrastructures services,such as food,agriculture,water,transportation,electric power,and communications system.It turns out that in computational social science literature dealing with community resilience,the role of these critical infrastructures along with some important social characteristics is not considered.To address these weaknesses,we develop a new multi-agent based stochastic dynamical model,standardized by overview,design concepts,details,and decision(ODD+D)protocol and derived from neuro-science,psychological and social sciences,to measure community resilience in terms of mental and physical well-being.Using this model,we analyze the micro-macro level dependence between the emergency services and power systems and social characteristics such as fear,risk perception,informationseeking behaviour,cooperation,flexibility,empathy,and experience,in an artificial society.Furthermore,we simulate this model in two case studies and show that a high level of flexibility,experience,and cooperation enhances community resilience.Implications for both theory and practice are discussed.
文摘Title Page The title page(page 1,do not number)should contain these elements:a)full title;b)Each authors'names,academic degrees,and affiliations(if Chinese,give standard English version);c)the designated corresponding author's name,mailing address,telephone and fax numbers,and e-mail address;d)source(s)of financial support of the study;e)the total word count of the manuscript,including the title page,abstract,text,references,tables,and figures legends.