Electrochemical synthesis of FeN_(x) doped carbon quantum dots for sensitive detection of Cu^(2+) ion

A novel strategy was developed to fabricate FeNx-doped carbon quantum dots(Fe-N-CQDs)to detect Cu^(2+) ions selectively as a fluorescence probe.The Fe-N-CQDs were synthesized by an efficient electrolysis of a carbon cloth electrode,which was coated with monoatomic ironanchored nitrogen-doped carbon(Fe-N-C).The obtained Fe-N-CQDs emitted blue fluorescence and possessed a quantum yield(QY)of 7.5%.An extremely wide linear relationship between the Cu^(2+) concentration and the fluorescence intensity was obtained in the range from 100 nmol L^(-1) to 1000 nmol L^(-1)(R^(2)=0.997),and the detection limit was calculated as 59 nmol L^(-1).Moreover,the Fe-N-CQDs demonstrated wide range pH compatibility between 2 and 13 due to the coordination between pyridine nitrogen and Fe^(3+),which dramatically reduced the affection of the protonation and deprotonation process between H^(+) and Fe-N-CQDs.It is notable that the Fe-N-CQDs exhibited a rapid response in Cu^(2+) detection,where stable quenching can be completed in 7 s.The mechanism of excellent selective detection of Cu^(2+) was revealed by energy level simulation that the LUMO level of Fe-N-CQDs(-4.37 eV)was close to the redox potential of Cu^(2+),thus facilitating the electron transport from Fe-N-CQDs to Cu^(2+).

Cu掺杂P2型Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)钠离子电池正极材料的制备与性能

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列形貌规则、表面光滑的Cu掺杂层状P2型Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33-x)Cu_(x)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)(x=0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25)。采用SEM、XRD、EDS、XPS对材料进行了形貌、结构和成分表征。将材料用作钠离子电池正极材料,采用循环伏安法、恒流充放电法研究了其电化学性能,获得了最佳掺杂比例。研究发现,掺杂未改变材料的层状结构和形貌,通过Cu掺杂引入了高电化学活性的Cu^(2+)作为取代基,增加材料的表面活性储钠位点,材料表现出良好的循环稳定性和倍率性能。在2.0~4.3 V的电压范围和0.1 C的倍率下,Cu掺杂比例x=0.15时Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.18)Cu_(0.15)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)的初始放电比容量为126.74 mAh/g,100次循环后容量保持率为79.10%,与未掺杂材料相比提高了50.92%。材料电化学性能的增强可归因于Cu^(2+)插入过渡金属层,由于Cu^(2+)(0.73A)的半径大于Ni^(2+)(0.69A),过渡金属层间距扩大,为Na+扩散提供了通道,进而提高了Na+扩散速率。当充电到高压时可抑制Na+脱/嵌过程中Na^(+)空位的产生,从而稳定材料的晶体结构并抑制材料发生P2-O2相变,提高了材料的循环稳定性。

Effect of Cu^(2+)ions on bioleaching of marmatite

铁闪锌矿的 bioleaching 上的 Cu2+ 离子的效果通过饮料沥滤被调查实验。接种的细菌是 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans， Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans 和 Lepthospirillum ferrooxidans 的一种混合文化。结果证明那锌有选择地被沥滤，并且 Cu2+ 离子的适当内容的增加在铁闪锌矿的 bioleaching 上有积极效果。沥滤的残余的 SEM 和 EDX 分析表明产品层在矿物质表面上铁硫化物，元素的硫和 jarosite 形式创作了。元素的硫的 biooxidation 被 Cu2+ 离子催化，它消除障碍到铁闪锌矿的 bioleaching 并且使 pH 价值低。与 0.5 个 g/L Cu2+ 离子的增加，最大的锌抽取率在 30 的温度在 23 d 以后到达 73%? 吗？？

Photocatalytic and Photoelectronic Properties of Anatase TiO_2 Modified by Cu Ions Plasma and Its Theoretic Study by the First Principle Study

Highly oxidation. SEM analysis ordered anatase titania nanotube method was used to characterize arrays （TINT） were fabricated by anodic the morphology of the prepared samples. TiNT samples doped with Cu ions were prepared by home-made Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc ions sources （MEVVA, BNU, China） implanter. Photo-electric response and methyl orange decomposition ability of implanted samples under UV and visible light were tested, and the results indicated that the performance of Cu/TiNT enhanced significantly under visible light; it was noteworthy that the photocurrent density of A-Cu/TiNT was 0.102 mA/cm^2, which was 115 times that of pure TINT, and degradation ability of TiNT also strongly enhanced under visible light. In a word, the absorption spectrum of implanted anatase titania shifted to a longer wavelength region. Theoretic study on Cu-doped anatase based on density functional theory was carried out in this paper to validate the experiment results. The calculation results are depicted as follows： Intermittent energy band appeared around the Fermi energy after doping with Cu metal, the width of which was 0.35 eV and the location of valence and conduction bands shifted to the lower energy level by 0.22 eV; more excitation and jump routes were opened for the electrons. The narrowed band gaps allowed the photons with lower energy （at longer wavelength, such as visible light） to be absorbed, which accorded well with the experimental results.

STUDY ON THE DIFFUSION OF Cu^(2+)-H^+ COUPLE IN A CATION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE——A RAPID METHOD TO DETERMINE SELF-DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS OF COUNTER-IONS WITH UNEQUAL VALENCE

1 INTRODUCTIONKnowledge of the basic transport phenomena of ions in an ion exchange membrane isimportant for the application of such a membrane.Various studies on the developmentof mathematical models for predicting and correlating membrane transport rate havebeen published in recent years.More exact estimation of the diffusion coefficientshas been the subject of chief concern in many of these papers.For a bi-ionic systemwith the same valence,Sato et al.gave a method for estimating diffusion coefficients

Synthesis of Cu_2ZnSnS_4 thin film from mixed solution of Cu_2SnS_3 nanoparticles and Zn ions

The Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film was prepared by a facile solution method without vacuum environment and toxic substance. The formation mechanism of the film was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman scattering measurements. Through cyclic voltammetry and photo-electricity tests, the electrocatalytic activity of the prepared film as the counter electrode of dye-sensitizedsolar cell was also studied. The results show that the mixed precursor solution mainly consists of Cu2SnS3 nanoparticles and Zn ions.After 550 °C annealing process on the precursor film prepared from the mixed solution, Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film is obtained. Besides, itis found that the prepared Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film has the electrocatalytic activity toward the redox reaction of I3?/I? and the dye-sensitized solar cell with the prepared Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film as the counter electrode achieves the efficiency of 1.09%.

机械活化重质碳酸钙制备复合碳酸钙及其对溶液中的Cu^(2+)吸附性能

利用机械活化法对重质碳酸钙进行了纳米化表面改性,以聚丙烯酸钠和纳米碳酸钙为改性原料与重质碳酸钙进行混合研磨,成功制备了纳米碳酸钙包覆重质碳酸钙的复合钙,并考察了复合钙对溶液中的Cu^(2+)的吸附性能。研究结果如下:扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析证实了纳米碳酸钙包覆在重质碳酸钙表面,傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明复合碳酸钙表面羟基明显增加,比表面积分析表明复合碳酸钙的比表面积为20.5m^(2)/g,具有介孔结构。复合碳酸钙对Cu^(2+)的最大吸附量为65.5mg/g,去除率可达98%。吸附性能研究表明,复合碳酸钙对Cu^(2+)吸附动力学符合伪二阶动力学模型,等温吸附过程符合Langmuir-Freundich模型,证明吸附过程以离子交换反应为主,该过程为吸热反应。

离子色谱法测定腌制菜中NO_(2)^(-)及5种阴离子

采用离子色谱法对腌制酸菜、酸乳瓜及榨菜中CH_(3)CH(OH)COO^(-),Cl^(-),NO_(2)^(-),NO_(3)^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),SO_(4)^(2-)的质量分数进行测定.样品破碎后用超纯水超声浸提,经离心、抽滤后进行测定.在对NO_(2)^(-)测定之前,增加了样品提取液的预处理步骤,降低了对NO_(2)^(-)测定的干扰.在测定浓度范围内,CH_(3)CH(OH)COO^(-),Cl^(-),NO_(2)^(-),NO_(3)^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),SO_(4)^(2-)的色谱峰面积与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R^(2))分别为0.9999,0.9998,0.9999,0.9999,0.9998,0.9997,方法检出限(S/N=3)分别为3.543,0.432,0.294,0.916,1.673,0.656 mg/kg.样品中NO_(2)^(-)的最高检出量为5.65 mg/kg,未超过GB2760—2014规定的限值.测定结果的相对标准偏差RSD(n=5)为4.65%,样品的加标回收率为92.3%~96.4%.

CuS@MnO_(2)核壳材料的制备及其在多巴胺电化学传感器中的应用

通过水热法制备了CuS纳米笼@MnO_(2)纳米片核壳材料,笼状结构作为支撑载体为材料提供坚固的骨架,避免了片层结构的团聚。将CuS纳米笼@MnO_(2)纳米片/玻碳电极用于对多巴胺浓度检测,结果表明,CuS纳米笼@MnO_(2)纳米片/玻碳电极在0.02~8.78μmol/L和13.78~112.78μmol/L两段线性范围内的灵敏度分别为619.9μA/[mmol/(L·cm^(2))]和318.7μA/[mmol/(L·cm^(2))]。复合材料电极的灵敏度显著优于单一组分的MnO_(2)纳米片/玻碳电极和CuS纳米笼/玻碳电极,且具有优异的选择性、重复性以及较好的稳定性。

颗粒13X分子筛复合材料去除水中Cu^(2+)的机理及共存Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Zn^(2+)的影响研究

制备了颗粒13X分子筛复合材料,将其装填为固定床,探究复合材料去除水中Cu^(2+)的机理及共存重金属离子Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)和Zn^(2+)对复合材料固定床去除Cu^(2+)性能的影响。结果表明,在进水流速为150 mL·min^(-1)、Cu^(2+)浓度为100 mg·L^(-1)的条件下,固定床运行23.5 h后,Cu^(2+)达到穿透点,复合材料对Cu^(2+)的饱和富集量为1.58 mmol·g^(-1)(铜含量达10.03%)。颗粒13X分子筛复合材料去除Cu^(2+)的机理主要包括离子交换吸附和表面沉淀。Cu^(2+)-Pb^(2+)、Cu^(2+)-Cd^(2+)和Cu^(2+)-Zn^(2+)二元体系的运行结果表明,Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)和Zn^(2+)的共存分别使Cu^(2+)的穿透时间提前了34.0%、40.4%和53.6%,进出水中Cu^(2+)浓度相等时复合材料对Cu^(2+)的富集量分别降低到0.28 mmol·g^(-1)、1.08 mmol·g^(-1)和1.55 mmol·g^(-1),影响强弱顺序为Pb^(2+)>Cd^(2+)>Zn^(2+)。水合离子直径和水合能越小、电负性越大的共存重金属离子,对复合材料去除Cu^(2+)产生的不利影响越强。

Ni-Cu掺杂诱导制备两类截角八面体LiMn_(2)O_(4)材料及其电化学性能

结合元素掺杂和晶面调控策略制备了同时包含(111)、(110)和(100)三个晶面和包含(111)和(100)两个晶面的两类截角八面体形貌的LiNi_(0.03)Cu_(0.06)Mn_(1.91)O_(4)正极材料,并研究了其电化学性能。结果表明:Ni-Cu共掺杂有效抑制了尖晶石LiMn_(2)O_(4)的Jahn-Teller效应,促进了其晶体发育和晶面的择优生长,但部分晶面发育较不完善,与一般情况不同的是Ni-Cu共掺后LiNi_(0.03)Cu_(0.06)Mn_(1.91)O_(4)正极材料的颗粒粒径显著增大;形成的截角八面体形貌中高暴露(111)面降低了Mn的溶解,少部分(110)和(100)晶面增加了Li^(+)的扩散通道。恒电流充放电测试结果表明:在5 C和10 C倍率下,LiNi_(0.03)Cu_(0.06)Mn_(1.91)O_(4)样品的首次放电容量分别为107.4和98.2 mAh/g,循环1000次,其容量保持率分别为72.5%和76.3%。而LiNi_(0.03)Mn_(1.97)O_(4)在相同的电流密度下其首次放电比容量为99.5和72.7 mAh/g,容量保持率为67.2%和73.2%。甚至在20 C下,LiNi_(0.03)Cu_(0.06)Mn_(1.91)O_(4)样品1000次循环后容量保持率高达89.3%。循环伏安和电化学阻抗测试表明:LiNi_(0.03)Cu_(0.06)Mn_(1.91)O_(4)材料有较高的Li^(+)的传输速率和较低的锂离子脱/嵌能垒。

Interaction Between Charge Characteristics and Cu^(2+) Adsorption-Desorption of Soils with Variable or Permanent Charge

Charge characteristics and Cu2+ adsorption-desorption of soils with variable charge (latosol) and permanent charge (brown soil) and the relationship between them were studied by means of back-titration and adsorption equilibrium respectively. The amount of variable negative charge was much less in variable-charge soil than in permanent-charge soil and increased with the pH in the system, but the opposite trend occurred in the points of zero charge (PZCs). The amount of Cu2+ ions sorbed by permanent-charge soil was more than that by variable-charge soil and increased with the increase of Cu2+ concentration within a certain range in the equilibrium solution. The amount of Cu2+ ions desorbed with KC1 from permanent-charge soil was more than that from variable-charge soil, but the amount of Cu2+ ions desorbed with de-ionized water from permanent-charge soil was extremely low whereas there was still a certain amount of desorption from variable-charge soil. The increase of PZC of soils with variable or permanent charge varied with the increment of Cu2+ ions added. When the same amount of Cu2+ ions was added, the increments of PZC and variable negative surface charge of permanent-charge soil were different from those of variable-charge soil.

Cu_2ZnSnS_4 thin films prepared by sulfurization of ion beam sputtered precursor and their electrical and optical properties

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were successfully prepared by sulfurization of ion bean sputtered precursors on soda-lime glass substrate. The single phase of stannite-type structure CZTS films were obtained as revealed in EDS and XRD analysis when the ratios of the constituents of CZTS thin films are close to stoichiometric by optimizing the conditions of precursor preparation and sulfurization. A low sheet resistivity as about 0.156 Ω·cm and a high absorption coefficient as 1×104 cm-1 were achieved in this method by Hall effect measurements and UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The optical band-gap energy of the CZTS sample is about 1.51 eV, which is very close to the optimum value for a solar-cell absorber.

一价铜离子掺杂无铅钙钛矿Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)对晶体结构和电学性能影响第一性原理模拟研究

无铅双钙钛矿Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)作为环境友好型材料受到了核辐射探测领域的广泛关注,实验上发现对Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)进行Cu^(+)掺杂能够显著提高材料稳定性与光电转换率。目前Cu^(+)掺杂Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)的影响还未得到理论系统研究,本文基于第一性原理,采用密度泛函,开展了Cu^(+)掺杂Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)对结构和电学性能影响的模拟研究。研究结果表明,Cu^(+)掺杂会提高Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)的稳定性。掺杂形成的Cs_(2)Ag_(1-x)Cu_(x)BiBr_(6)与原始材料Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)皆为间接带隙半导体,并随着Cu^(+)掺杂比例提高能带间隙会显著缩短。根据态密度图分析,能带间隙缩短是由于Cu^(+)掺杂会导致由Bi6p轨道主导的导带底部下移。Cs_(2)Ag_(1-x)Cu_(x)BiBr_(6)相比Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)具有更高的稳定性与更优的电学性能,可作为半导体辐射探测器的候选材料。

可逆型荧光探针的合成及对Cu^(2+)和Pd^(2+)的双重检测

以6-肼基-8,9-二(萘-1-基)-9H-嘌呤、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛为原料,通过简单的席夫碱反应合成了一种用于检测溶液中Cu^(2+)和Pd^(2+)的可逆型荧光探针(E)-4-({2-[8,9-二(1-萘基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基]肼亚基}甲基)-2-甲氧基苯酚(PHM)。并通过^(1)HNMR、^(13)CNMR、MS对其结构进行了表征。荧光光谱表明,PHM可以快速识别4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸(HEPES)缓冲溶液中的Pd^(2+)和Cu^(2+),并且不受其他金属离子的干扰。其在V(二甲基亚砜)∶V(H_(2)O)=9∶1(pH 7.4,用0.2 mmol/L HEPES缓冲液调节)溶液中对Cu^(2+)和Pd^(2+)的检出限分别为72.97和839.00 nmol/L。PHM对Cu^(2+)和Pd^(2+)的响应时间在1 min内,PHM与Cu^(2+)和Pd^(2+)以物质的量比1∶1和1∶2形成配合物。同时,肉眼可以察觉到视觉色调的明显变化。向配合物PHM-Cu^(2+)溶液中加入乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)后,探针PHM呈现出明显荧光恢复响应,证实了PHM的可逆性。Job’s曲线和密度泛函理论均验证了探针PHM与Pd^(2+)和Cu^(2+)可能的络合机制。

α⁃Cu_(2)Se的显微缺陷结构

本文利用球差校正电镜对Cu_(2)Se低温α相的显微缺陷结构进行精细表征。α⁃Cu_(2)Se呈层状特征,其中Se构成了刚性亚晶格,Cu离子有序填充于{111}c晶面之间形成了交替分布的富Cu层和贫Cu层。层间滑移是导致超结构出现的主要原因。在Cu_(2)Se从高温β相到低温α相的结构转变过程中,由于对称性破缺和Se刚性亚晶格的保留,Cu离子在不同区域的有序性差异使得α⁃Cu_(2)Se中存在大量共格连接的畴结构。实验结果有助于更全面地理解α⁃Cu_(2)Se的显微缺陷结构。

CdSe/CdS量子点荧光探针检测Cu^(2+)

采用液相反应法在水介质中合成巯基乙酸封端的CdSe/CdS核壳结构量子点,基于Cu^(2+)对量子点荧光的猝灭效应,以CdSe/CdS核壳量子点为荧光探针定量检测水溶液中Cu^(2+)的浓度。研究结果表明:Cu^(2+)的浓度为0.5~60μmol/L时,CdSe/CdS量子点的荧光强度与Cu^(2+)的浓度成良好的分段线性关系,浓度检测限为0.06μmol/L;该荧光探针对Cu^(2+)的检测具有高选择性;对实际自来水样品中Cu^(2+)的检测结果准确可靠;量子点的淬灭机理为动态淬灭。

Interfacial Electronic Structure of Thin Cu Films Grown on Ar^+-ion Sputter-cleaned α-Al_2O_3 Substrates

The bonding and electronic structure of Cu/(0001)Al2O3 and Cu/(1120)Al2O3 interfaces has been studied experimentally using spatially-resolved transmission electron energy loss spectroscopy. The specimen were prepared by depositing Cu on single-crystal α-AI2O3 substrates, which have been Ar+-ion sputter-cleaned prior to the growth of Cu. For both orientations of the α-Al2O3 substrate, atomically abrupt interfaces formed as determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The investigations of the interfacial Cu-L2,3, Al-L2,3 and 0-K energy loss near-edge structures, which are proportional to the site- and angular-momentum-projected unoccupied density of states above the Fermi level, indicate the existence of metallic Cu-AI bonds at the Cu/AI2O3 interface independent of the substrate orientation.

Radio Pet Therapy of Healthy Wistar Rats with ⁶⁴CuCl₂Labeled to ⁶⁴Cu(AcAc)₂Supported in Functionalized TiO₂Nanoparticles

In recent years Copper-64 in the chemical form of copper chloride ([64Cu]CuCl2) has been identified as a potential agent for PET imaging and radionuclide therapy. The aim of this research was to determine the biodistribution and the labeling of radio nanoparticle with 64CuCl2, the nanoparticles Cu(acac)2/F-TiO2 were mixed with 64CuCl2 (20-37 MBq), then the final solution was used to injected healthy Wistar rats to probe the absorption of nanoparticle inside tissue trough of the groups OH that are formed during the functionalization of the Cu(acac)2/F-TiO2. The “in vivo” evaluation after realize the images study in micro PET equipment, uptake of the radio-nanoparticle was observed in the digestive system in the healthy Wistar rats.

基于Fe_(3)O_(4)-MoS_(2)-全氟磺酸纳米复合材料的铅离子电化学传感器

采用Fe_(3)O_(4)-MoS_(2)-全氟磺酸复合材料修饰玻碳电极(GCE),基于电化学传感原理,使用阳极方波伏安法检测水中微量的铅离子。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)、Raman光谱分析仪和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)进行物理表征。结果表明Fe_(3)O_(4)已较均匀地分布在MoS_(2)上。为了得到良好的实验效果,优化醋酸盐(Hac-NaAc)缓冲溶液的pH值为3.6,最佳沉积时间为120 s,最佳沉积电位为-0.6 V,在滴加5μL的Fe_(3)O_(4)-MoS_(2)和5μL的全氟磺酸条件下进行测试,实验结果表明在0.1~0.6μmol·L^(-1)铅离子浓度范围,Fe_(3)O_(4)-MoS_(2)-全氟磺酸-GCE传感器的线性度良好,灵敏度和检测限分别为25.05μA/(μmol·L^(-1))和0.11μmol·L^(-1)。该检测方法快速便捷,具有低成本、高效率和易操作的特点。