V-BILIPSCHITZ DETERMINACY OF WEIGHTED HOMOGENEOUS ANALYTIC FUNCTION-GERMS ON WEIGHTED HOMOGENEOUS REAL ANALYTIC VARIETIES

In this article, we provide estimates for the degree of V bilipschitz determinacy of weighted homogeneous function germs defined on weighted homogeneous analytic variety V satisfying a convenient Lojasiewicz condition.The result gives an explicit order such that the geometrical structure of a weighted homogeneous polynomial function germs is preserved after higher order perturbations.

The Determinacy of Lexical Selectional Restriction and Its Basis for Existence

In this paper, the determinacy of regular lexical selectional restrictions is examined from both the internal structures of the single selectional restrictions (i.e.semantic selectional restrictions) and relationship between the structures of several selectional restrictions. Hence, our analysis and description are shifted from casual and indeterminate strings and markers on case basis to determined rules and circumspect dynamic systems, from lexical precepts to knowledge precepts, from the state of memory to rational deduction and rhetorical devices. Further studies indicate that selectional restrictions are intertwined structures, a feature that makes it possible to be one of the bases for lexical selectional restrictions to come into existence. Its related theories are the grarantee for scientific observations of selectional restriction structures.

(q,k)-Determinacy of C~∞ Map-germs

Gervais has already characterised finitely I--[q,k]-determinacy of C∞ map-germs. It seems that Cao Yi’s expressions are in better form than Gervais’（cf. Ref. [2]）. This note will deal with the I-q,k-determinacy of C∞ map-germs which develop the basic results in Refs. [1]and [2]. We shall adopt the notations in Ref. [3],if not specialized, and every map-germ is C∞.

AGO_18b negatively regulates determinacy of spikelet meristems on the tassel central spike in maize

The maize tassel represents an indeterminate male inflorescence. The number of primordia that a given inflorescence meristem produces is related to its determinacy, i.e., capacity for continued meristem activity.Transcription factors(TFs) controlling determinacy in tassel axillary meristems are well studied in maize, and small RNAs are known to influence tassel development by repressing targets, including tassel-related TFs. As core components of the RNA-inducible silence complex(RISC),Argonaute(AGO) proteins are required for small RNAmediated repression. Here, we characterized the biological function of AGO8b, a tassel-enriched AGO. The abundance of AGO8b transcripts gradually increased during tassel development from inception to gametogenesis and were enriched in the inflorescence meristem and axillary meristems of the tassel. Repressing AGO8b expression resulted in more spikelets, which contributed to a longer central spike of the tassel. Additionally, the transcripts of several HD-ZIP Ⅲ TFs that were canonical targets of micro RNA66(miR66) accumulated in the AGO8b repressed lines. We propose that AGO8b is a negative regulator of the determinacy of inflorescence and axillary meristems, and that it acts by interacting with the miR66-HD-ZIP Ⅲ TF regulatory pathway.

On the Index of Finite Determinacy of Vector Fields with Resonances

In this paper we study normal forms for a class of germs of 1-resonant vector fields on R^n with mutually different eigenvalues which may admit extraneous resonance relations. We give an estimation on the index of finite determinacy from above as well as the essentially simplified polynomial normal forms for such vector fields. In the case that a vector field has a zero eigenvalue, the result leads to an interesting corollary, a linear dependence of the derivatives of the hyperbolic variables on the central variable.

B Class Floral Homeotic Genes are Involved in the Petal Identity and Flower Meristem Determinations in Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum morifolium,an ornamental crop with diverse forms of inflorescence,is a good model for studying flower development in Asteraceae.However,the genetic background is complex and the mechanisms of regulating flower development are still unclear.Here,we identified two natural mutant lines of chrysanthemum and named them M1 and M2 according to the severity of the phenotype.Both lines showed defects in petal identity,and the petals of the M1 line had a mild phenotype:partially loss of petal identity and conversion of petals into green,leaf-like organs.The M2 line had severe phenotypes:in addition to severe petal defects,secondary inflorescences were produced in the capitulum to replace the normal ray and disc florets,which indicated a transformation of a flower meristem into an inflorescence meristem.Transcriptome sequencing of WT and M2 inflorescences was performed and found altered expression of floral organ development A,B and E class genes,where B and E class genes were significantly down-regulated.qRT-PCR analysis in both M1 and M2 lines revealed that the expression of three chrysanthemum class B genes CmAP3.1,CmAP3.2 and CmPI,was negatively correlated with phenotypic severity.This suggests that class B genes in chrysanthemum not only have conserved functions in determining petal identity but also were involved in the determinacy of the flower meristem.This study provides insights into the functions of class B genes in flower development,and is informative for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of flower development in chrysanthemum.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TROPICAL CYCLONES IMPACTING A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT IN SOUTHERN FUJIAN AND ESTIMATE OF MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE

Based on tropical cyclone (TC) data for the period 1949 to 2008 and following the Gumbe-Imethod, Pearson-Ⅲ method and determinacy method, this article estimates the possible minimum centralpressure of TCs affecting southern Fujian where a nuclear power will be located. Results show that theobserved minimum central pressure of TCs agrees well with the results determined with the methods aboveand there is little difference between them (the minimum central pressure is 867.4 hPa and 868.1 hPa,respectively, in a 1,000-yr return period). Established with the theory of atmospheric dynamics, thedeterminacy method yields a result of 867.28 hPa/1000 years, only a little smaller than the result of theprobability method. Because of randomicity in parameter adjustment with the Pearson-Ⅲ method whereasthe determinacy method is theoretically solid and its estimates are the smallest of the three methods, it istherefore reasonable, for security and conservative concerns, to adopt the result determined with thedeterminacy method as the possible maximum intensity of TC (with the central pressure being 867.28 hPa ina 1,000-yr return period).

Speed selection of traveling waves to an epidemic model

This paper is devoted to investigating the selection mechanism of the minimal wave speed for traveling waves to an epidemic model.The determinacy of linear and nonlinear selections is further discussed by the upper-lower solutions and comparison principle.A threshold is defined by the eigenvalue problem of the linearized system.We show that the nonlinear determinacy is obtained as long as there exists a lower solution with a faster decay and a speed parameter that is larger than the threshold.When the speed parameter equals to the threshold,if there exists an upper solution satisfying proper limit behavior,then the linear selection is realized.For a special function of infection rate,we obtain a threshold parameter that determines the linear and nonlinear selections.

The minimal speed of traveling wave fronts for a three-cornponent competition system with nonlocal dispersal

In this paper,we study the linear determinacy of the minimal speed of traveling wave-fronts for a three-component competition system with nonlocal dispersal.We first trans-form this system into a cooperative system.Then,by constructing suitable upper solu-tions,we give some general conditions to ensure the linear determinacy of the minimalspeed.Finally,we provide some more precise conditions that only rely on the parametersof the system such that the linear determinacy of the minimal speed is assured.

CHINESE JURISTS＇ MISCONCEPTIONS OF CRITICAL LEGAL STUDIES

Critical Legal Scholarship was first introduced to Chinese legal academia in late 1980＇s, and gained great attentions in the following decade. Later on, however, Chinese jurists showed little interest in exploring more of Critical Legal Scholarship because of their oversimplification of Critical Legal Scholars as indeterminists, deconstructionists, extremists and nihilists. This article points out the typical, gross misconceptions of Chinese jurists to Critical Legal Scholarship, and explores the reasons of such misconceptions. The author of this article hopes that his representation of Critical Legal Scholarship would help to reopen the door for further communications between the Critical Legal Scholarship and their audiences in China. Remarks on how to approach Critical Legal Scholarship further from a Chinese perspective are provided at the end of this article.

AD+DC_(■_1) Is Incompatible

In [1], Solovay first supposed that ZF+DA_R is consistent, and then he proved the independence of DC from AD by using inner models for AD_R. In this note, we further investigate the relation between the generalized version of the principle of dependent choices and the axiom of determinateness. We know that AD implies AC and AC is equivalent

Quine on Quantification and Existence

Quine＇s justly famous paper ＂On What There Is＂ introduced a criterion of ontological commitment which has been almost universally accepted by analytic philosophers ever since. In this paper 1 try to unpack some of the substantive and controversial philosophical commitments that are presupposed by this criterion. The aim is not to show that the criterion is incorrect, but merely that it is not as obvious as it is taken to be by many, and that we might have reasons to explore alternative ways of thinking about ontological commitments.