Developing biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases using genetically-modified common marmoset models

Mouse and non-human primate models of neurodegenerative disease：The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases continues to increase with ever increasing aging population over the age of 60.Although the difficulties associated with neurodegenerative diseases present an urgent global issue,there is no effective treatment for these conditions.

Low-carbon Agriculture Development Models in Southern Jiangsu Province

[Objective] To investigate the appropriate low-carbon agriculture model in Southern Jiangsu Province. [Method] Through the analysis of regional features in Southern Jiangsu and several matured low-carbon agriculture development models at present, the low-carbon agriculture development modes suitable for Southern Jiangsu were investigated, and corresponding supporting measures for the development of the models were put forward. [Result] Low-carbon agriculture is the environment- friendly agriculture which achieves low emissions, low pollution, high efficiency and high-yield through efficient recycling of energy and resources and continuous im- provements on ecological environment. With a variety of development models, the specific development model for practical use should be determined according to the local conditions, and supported by corresponding supporting measures, to achieve the rapid development of low-carbon agriculture. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the development of low-carbon agriculture model in Southern Jiangsu.

Comparison of the Development Model of DTP Pharmacy between China and the United States and Its Enlightenment

Objective To systematically analyze the development status of DTP pharmacy in the United States and China,and to find out the problems in China’s DTP pharmacy and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions.Methods Relevant literature was searched and reviewed to study the history,market scale and development trend of DTP pharmacy in the United States and China.Then,the problems in China’s DTP pharmacy were found out.Results and Conclusion DTP pharmacy model in the U.S.has taken shape and is maturing.The high degree of industry concentration is an important feature of the U.S.pharmacy.In contrast,China’s DTP pharmacy started late,and the industry pattern has not yet been finalized.There are still some problems in the DTP pharmacy certification and quality management.It is recommended to promote the rapid development of DTP pharmacies in China by encouraging the outflow of prescription drugs,establishing a third-party pharmacy accreditation organization and strengthening the team of licensed pharmacists and other personnel.

Appraisal of typical rural development models during rapid urbanization in the eastern coastal region of China

The sustainability of regional rural development depends on the integrated status and the coordination between rural resources-environment conditions and rural socioeco- nomic development. In this paper a diagnostic indicator system is proposed to appraise four representative rural development models such as Mentougou model, Taicang model, Yueqing model and Qionghai model in the eastern coastal region of China from the integrated perspective of population, resources, environment, and development. In conclusion, the formation and evolution of these diverse rural deveJopment models are the direct response to the very different characteristics in the environment, market demand, and regional culture. These models are common in that their sustainability depends on the scientific guidance of the regional development functional positioning, strong intra-regional interactions, and self-adaptability to the external conditions.

Rural Tourism Development in China:Principles,Models and the Future

Rural tourism in China,has undergone a rapid development in the last three decades.It is an emerging and effective catalyst that promotes industrial restructuring,agricultural development and the upgrading of rural areas.However,there remains little understanding about the core issues of rural tourism in China:the exact connotation,the principles,the development models and the future directions.This review paper identifies the key issues based on literature analysis,national statistics and press reports to form a general picture of the past,the current and the future prospects of China's rural tourism.The paper firstly addresses the definition,content and principles of rural tourism,and then provides an overview and brief evaluation of the progress and the current development models in China.Finally,based on the analysis of the experiences and problems,the authors sum up with five pathways of the future development of China's rural tourism from the perspective of rural tourism resources,product,market and promotion.

Application of Pore Evolution and Fracture Development Coupled Models in the Prediction of Reservoir "Sweet Spots" in Tight Sandstones

The Chang-63 reservoir in the Huaqing area has widely developed tight sandstone ＂thick sand layers, but not reservoirs characterized by rich in oil＂, and it is thus necessary to further study its oil and gas enrichment law. This study builds porosity and fracture development and evolution models in different deposition environments, through core observation, casting thin section, SEM, porosity and permeability analysis, burial history analysis, and ＂four-property-relationships＂ analysis.

New Developments on Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions to Some Models in Atmospheric Dynamics

This survey is concerned with the new developments on existence and uniqueness of solutions of some basic models in atmospheric dynamics, such as two-and three-dimensional quasi-geostrophic models and three-dimensional balanced model. The main aim of this paper is to introduce some results about the global and local (with respect to time) existence of solutions given by the authors in recent years, but others' important contributions and the literature on this subject are also quoted. We discuss briefly the relationships among the existence and uniqueness, physical instability and computational instability. In the appendixes, some key mathematical techniques in obtaining our results are presented, which are of vital importance to other problems in geophysical fluid dynamics as well.

某三级甲等专科医院互联网医院发展的实践与思考

介绍复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院互联网医院建设历程和运营管理模式。该院互联网医院通过手机即可在线预约、挂号、支付,查看电子病历、检查检验结果、电子发票和药品配送情况等,实现就诊服务全流程移动化,大幅提升患者在线就诊体验。运营3年来,该院互联网医疗数据始终领先于上海各类医院,单科接诊量、周互联网服务量、年互联网服务量、周互联网处方量均保持全市第一。并从患者、医生和医院层面提出未来公立医院互联网医院持续稳定发展的建议和思考。

Anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in an animal model of the developing brain:mechanism and therapies

Children are being exposed to an increasingly greater variety of anesthetics with advances in pediatric and obstetric surgery. Recent animal and retrospective human data suggest that the general anes- thetics commonly used in pediatric medicine could he damaging to the developing brain when used at clinical concentrations. In viw~ primate and rodent models have shown that neonatal exposure to clinical concentrations of anesthetics causes neural apoptosis and long-term cognitive impairment. Many general anesthetics.

Business Models,Operation Models and Service Development of IPTV

IPTV,as a newborn service,is restricted on market operation by multiple factors. Therefore,exploration is required in respect of its business,operations and service provision models. First,an IPTV industry value chain can be formed by integrating the advantages of the existing business models of telecommunication,broadcasting and TV,and Internet industries,which helps realize win-win cooperation of all the parties on the chain. Second,plans for technology implementation and network deployment should be made after comprehensive consideration according to various development stages of the IPTV. Third,a reasonable profit allocation model may promote the growth of IPTV services. Last,market competitiveness will be improved by services bundling. Generally,IPTV will become a breakthrough point for the strategic transformation of telecom operators and meet their innovation demands. Therefore,IPTV is expected to be a promising technology helping telecom operators find more growth space in the information communication market.

An overview of efficient development practices at low permeability sandstone reservoirs in China

Low permeability sandstone reservoirs in China typically have more complicated geological conditions, pore structures, and flow characteristics as compared to medium-to-high-permeability sandstone reservoirs. Traditional geological and seepage theories, and engineering methods are not applicable to the development of these low permeability reservoirs, and wells drilled into them often produce oil and gas at very low rates. Recent breakthroughs in reservoir exploitation technology have greatly improved the productivity of low permeability reservoirs, making them the primary target for oil exploration and extraction in China. The development theories and practices applied to low permeability reservoirs in China are reviewed in this study— based on relevant geological and engineering practices, including drilling, fracturing, recovery, and surface engineering. A unique series of technological advances that aid the development of low permeability reservoirs in China are summarized here. This study may serve as a meaningful guide in achieving scale efficiency for the development of low permeability reservoirs.

Geographical features and development models of estuarine cities

Cities are the key areas for human beings to achieve sustainable development goals in the future.Estuarine cities are a special type of coastal city in urgent need of a clear definition.This paper proposed that estuarine cities are cities developed on the coast where rivers and oceans meet and defined four connotations,including the intersection of rivers and marine water systems,the coordinated development of land and oceans,the location advantages of connecting rivers and seas,and the important fragility of the ecological environment.We used Hydro SHEDS,OSM,GPW,and urban socioeconomic statistics and selected 50 estuarine cities with large rivers as representatives to summarize the main geographical basis and socioeconomic characteristics.Cities are primarily found in low-altitude,flat regions with average annual temperatures that mainly vary from 10℃to 25℃,relatively abundant precipitation,and extensive biological resources.There are substantial variations in the socioeconomic features of estuarine cities.We proposed eight development patterns,including open and inclusive city spirit,high-quality livable cities,high-quality development driven by innovation,integration of internal and external communication with ports and cities,construction of an international financial center,ecological environment protection and restoration,active promotion of cultural tourism,and positive international exchanges.

Is the Long-term Economic Decline of the Philippines Unstoppable? Trends, Reasons, Outlook

The Philippines was in the 1960s a model of development in Asia and second to Japan,but occupies presently only the 11th position under South-East and East Asian countries in terms of GDP-per capita.The article explores why this important Asian country with a long colonial past and enormous economic potential still ranks under lower-income countries and has in the last decades let pass by many other Asian countries.In answering this question,the approach of external triggers for accelerated development is being applied.In stark contrast to the success stories of the strongly outward-looking Asian countries like the four Tigers,later of Thailand and Vietnam the Philippines never developed a vision of an open economy connecting pro-actively to the world markets.Trade is hampered by a non-competitive and highly protected national economy.The existing FDI is more oriented to the profitable local markets.Foreign debts were never effectively used and international tourism was never well promoted.Linking these failures to the existing power structures in the country,it seems very much that the backward forces like the big landowners,the local producers and industrialists never wanted and continue not to want to open up the economy to international competition and governments are complacent with these groups.Various indicators demonstrate the long-term decline of the Philippines:Among them the slow growth of the GDP and the continuously high poverty rates.As the alliance of big business and policy holds firm no change in the failing nationalistic economic model can be detected leaving the bleak outlook that the economic decline will continue.

Analysis on the Protection of Settlement Shape in Sichuan

This article elaborated the characteristics of settlement shape in detail with examples. Aiming at the negative effects on settlement shape by construction, we put forward some measures, such as respect for ecological environment, selection mode of space development, protection of historical features, and excavation of culture connotation, so as to realize the protection of settlement shape.

Optimization of fault management system in power plants based on DD-RCM and TPN

A method of optimizing the fault management system in power plants based on DD-RCM （resultchain based modeling for digital developing） and TPN （temporal Petri net） is proposed. First, the model of the fault management system was set using DD-RCM. Then, it was transformed to the temporal Petri net model by corresponding rules. Secondly, relationships among all the activities, such as choice, conflict, synchronization and concurrency, were confirmed according to the Petri net model and described employing the reengineering algorithm of incidence matrix. Thirdly, the Petri net model was reduced by combining reduction rules and conflict, synchronization relationships to optimize the fault management system in power plants. Finally, the functionality of the reduced net was proved by the temporal logic of the temporal Petri net.

A Sand Control and Development Model in Sandy Land Based on Mixed Experiments of Arsenic Sandstone and Sand: A Case Study in Mu Us Sandy Land in China

Serious desertification caused by human activity and climate change,in addition to water loss and soil erosion related to arsenic sandstone in the Mu Us Sandy Land,lead to severe scarcity of soil and water resources,which causes worse local agricultural conditions accordingly.Many physical properties of arsenic sandstone is complementary with that of sand,arsenic sandstone is therefore supposed to be blended to enhance water productivity and arability of sandy land.Container experiments are carried out to study the enhancement of water holding capacity of the mixture,the blending ratio of arsenic sandstone and sand,and the proper size of the arsenic sandstone particles,respectively.The results of the experiments show that particle size of 4 cm with a ratio of 1∶2 between arsenic sandstone and sand are the proper parameters on blending.Both water content and fertility increase after blending.Water use efficiency in the mixture is 2.7 times higher than that in sand by the water release curves from experiments.Therefore,a new sand control and development model,including arsenic sandstone blending with sand,efficient water irrigation management and reasonable farming system,is put forward to control and develop sandy land so that water-saving agriculture could be developed.Demonstration of potato planting about 153.1 ha in area in the Mu Us Sandy Land in China indicates that water consumption is 3018 m3/ha in the whole growth period.It means that about 61%of irrigation water can be saved compared with water use in coarse sand without treatment.Recycle economic mode and positive feedback of sand resource-crop planting-soil resource are constructed,which changes sand into arable soil and make it possible to develop water-saving agriculture on it.The proposed model will be helpful for soil-water resources utilization and management in the Mu Us Sandy Land.

The Performance of Atmospheric Component Model R42L9 of GOALS/LASG

This paper examines the performance of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics (LASG/IAP). It is a spectral model truncated at R42(2.8125°long×1.66°lat) resolution and with nine vertical levels, and referred to as R42L9/LASG hereafter. It is also the new version of atmospheric component model R15L9 of the global ocean-atmosphere-land system (GOALS/LASG). A 40-year simulation in which the model is forced with the climatological monthly mean sea surface temperature is compared with the 40-year (1958-97) U.S. National Center for Environmental Prediction (NGEP) global reanalysis and the 22-year (1979-2000) Xie-Arkin monthly precipitation climatology. The mean DJF and JJA geographical distributions of precipitation, sea level pressure, 500-hPa geopotential height, 850-hPa and 200-hPa zonal wind, and other fields averaged for the last 30-year integration of the R42L9 model are analyzed. Results show that the model reproduces well the observed basic patterns, particularly precipitation over the East Asian region. Comparing the new model with R15L9/LASG, the old version with coarse resolution (nearly 7.5°long×4.5°lat), shows an obvious improvement in the simulation of regional climate, especially precipitation. The weaknesses in simulation and future improvements of the model are also discussed.

Development and Validation of a Model for Predicting Diabetic Nephropathy in Chinese People

Objective To develop a risk model for predicting later development of diabetic nephropathy （DN） in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） and evaluate its performance with independent validation. Methods We used data collected from the project ＇Comprehensive Research on the Prevention and Control of Diabetes＇, which was a community-based study conducted by the Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2013. A total of 11,771 eligible participants were included in our study. The endpoint was a clear diagnosis of DN. Data was divided into two components： a training set for model development and a test set for validation. The Cox proportional hazard regression was used for survival analysis in men and women. The model＇s performance was evaluated by discrimination and calibration. Results The incidence （cases per 10,000 person-years） of DN was 9.95 （95% CI; 8.66-11.43） in women and 11.28 （95% CI; 9.77-13.03） in men. Factors including diagnosis age, location, body mass index, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, creatinine, hypertension, dyslipidemia, retinopathy, diet control, and physical activity were significant in the final model. The model showed high discrimination and good calibration. Conclusion The risk model for predicting DN in people with T2DM can be used in clinical practice for improving the quality of risk management and intervention.

Development of Mathematical Model on Preparation of Functionally Graded Material by Co-sedimentation

From the process of sedimentation the mathematical relationships among deposition Volume and powder properties as well as sedimentation parameters were deduced. Based on the formula a mathematical model was set up and simulated through the computer. At last the validity of mathematical model was supported by the representative experiment on Ti-Mo system FGM prepared by co-sedimentation.

Deepwater oil and gas field development in South China Sea

This paper focuses on potential development models of future oil and gas exploration in South China Sea. A detailed study of current development models worldwide is performed through some examples of industry installed/ongoing projects and major technical issues encountered during these practice. Key technologies are discussed for the success of field development. Some of the technologies and field development experience can be used for South China Sea project. Several models are studied in field development for different scenarios,including marginal field,large oil field and gas field. With the massive investment activities,continued improved technologies,and rapidly growing pool of professionals,the offshore industry in China will soon encounter a golden period.