Intellectual Property Protection and New Development Pattern Construction of Xinjiang Jujube

"Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has been listed as one of the"five fruits"since ancient times.Xinjiang is the most important jujube producing area in China,and its yield has accounted for 50%of the national jujube yield.In the five prefectures and cities of southern Xinjiang,as well as the regimental farms of southern and eastern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the jujube industry is an advantageous characteristic industry in agriculture.This paper studied Xinjiang jujube industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources,analyzed six major issues to be further implemented,such as the"three new developments"thinking and the strategy of building an intellectual property power,and puts forward eight strategies such as coordinating the two markets and two resources to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and dual circulation of jujube.

Economic reform, open-door policy and changes in spatial development patterns in China

The study profiles and explains the significant changes that have taken place in China's spatial development patterns since the inception of its economic reform and opening two decades ago. Principal component analysis is used to delineate spatial patterns. The analyses show that prior to the reform China's spatial development pattern was characterized by the dominance of the three municipalities and the Northeast, as well as by both the coast-interior and the north-south disparities. Northern provinces were generally more industrialized and economically powerful than the southern ones. After two decades of reform, regional development has become multi-centered with South China, the Yangtze Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin area being the three most important regions of the country. The coastal provinces as a whole rose to prominence on China's economic map while the Northeast has diminished its clout. The coast-interior gap not only remains but may have widened. The north-south disparity also still exists but there has been a role reversal with the south now in the lead position. Virtually all inland provinces now find themselves at or near the low end of the development spectrum. We argue that the major reason for the recent shifts in Chinese space economy is the spatially differentiated economic growth resulted from the reform and open door policy and from the new, uneven development strategy adopted by the Chinese government. The paper discusses four specific factors that have reshaped China's spatial development patterns.

BEARING IN MIND MEGATREND FOR PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT AGAINST CHANGING INTERNATIONAL PATTERN

Uncertainties in the International Situation Are on the Increase and Transformation of International Pattern and Order Accelerates and Deepens Since 2016,the world has begun to enter into a historical period of uncertainty.The fact that the Ukrainian Crisis has dragged on for long and that

Consumption Pattern of Carotene Rich Foods and Development of a Year Calendar

Consumption pattern of beta carotene rich foods from 500 households of Coimbatore district was elicited. Through market surveys in four seasons namely: summer, south-west monsoon, north-east monsoon and winter, a year calendar of beta carotene rich foods was developed. The total and beta carotene contents of five commonly consumed beta carotene rich foods both in raw and cooked states were determined. Results indicated that greens were mainly purchased from market and consumed 2-3 times per week. Cooking loss was maximum in boiling and minimum in shallow fat frying. Curry leaves (Murraya koenigii),amaranth tender (Amaranthus gangeticus), agathi (Sesbania grandopra), and ponnanganni (Alternanthera sessilis) were the carotene rich foods available round the year. Cost of most greens was highest in summer and lowest in north-east monsoon. Within a cost of 13-14 ps in summer, 4-10 ps in south-west monsoon and north-west monsoon and 4-12 ps in winter season, the entire day's requirement of beta carotene (2400μg) could be obtained in the form of agathi/amaranth throughout the year: in the form of drumstick leaves and mint in south-west monsoon; as curry leaves and coriander leaves in winter and as agathi,paruppukeerai and amaranth in summer. From this year calendar, according to seasonal availability and cost, low-cost high carotene foods can be selected and used for increasing the beta carotene intake in the intervention programmes and in the community

Establish Green Industry System,Improve the Comprehensive Utilization Level of Salt Lake Resources,and Create A New Pattern of Green Sustainable Development in Qaidam Basin

Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province has rich multiple complex resources with salt lakes as the core.These resources form a special condition for the development of green economy,having rare and particular nature.The

Spatial Coupling Relationship and Driving Mechanism of Population and Economy in Rural Areas in Qinling-Daba Mountains,China

Addressing the issue of the healthy and coordinated development of the population and economic factors in rural areas will not only help consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation,but will also lay a foundation for comprehensive rural revitalization.In this paper,the spatial coupling relationship between the population and economic factors in rural areas in the QinlingDaba Mountains,China,is explored to provide a reference for rural revitalization and regional sustainable development in poverty areas.Sixty-eight county units in rural areas in the Qinling-Daba Mountains,as well as the population and economic factors in rural areas,are used to study the spatial coupling relationship between population and economy,as well as the driving mechanism,in rural areas in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 2010 to 2020.The results show that a population contraction phenomenon occurred in the rural areas in the Qinling-Daba Mountains,and the spatial agglomeration trends of the population and economic factors were consistent.The agglomeration was mainly located in the suburban areas of the municipal area,and the agglomeration degree was significantly higher in these areas than in other areas.In terms of the spatial distribution,the economic development level of the rural areas in the northeastern part of the Qinling-Daba Mountains was generally higher than that in the central and western parts,and the unbalanced trends of the population and economic spatial differentiation in the eastern and western regions were significant.The spatial coupling relationship between the population and economy changed from coordinated development to economic advancement.This was mainly due to the mutual restriction and joint actions of the industrial structure,capital situation,natural environment,policies,and institutional regulations,among which the industrial structure and capital status had significant effects.

Tempo-spatial characteristics and influential factors of rockburst:a case study of transportation and drainage tunnels in Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station

Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station is located in a high in-situ stress region in Southwest China. During the excavations of the transportation and drainage tunnels, more than 460 rockburst events were recorded in the transportation tunnel and 110 in the drainage tunnel, which has a serious and negative influence on the tunnels’ construction and the safety of staff and equipment. In the paper, the characters of rockburst patterns are analyzed for the transportation and drainage tunnels. The results are illustrated as follow: (1) Most of intensive rockbursts occur in the layer T2b, and continuous occurrences of rockbursts are more frequently observed than those in other layers. (2) The critical overburden depth of rockburst in the transportation tunnel is 600 m, and the length of the continuous occurrence section of rockburst is smaller than 25 m. The damaged depth of the rockburst has the tendency to increase with the increasing overburden depth, and the maximum damaged depth is over 3.5 m. (3) From east to west (west to east) in Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station, the rockburst usually takes place in the right (left) side of tunnel working face, and then the left (right) or roof of the tunnel. The total length of the continuous occurrence section of rockburst is 57.4%–62.2% of the overall rockburst length, followed by the rockbursts of flake-splitting type and other types. (4) Compared with the transportation tunnel, the intensity of rockburst in the drainage tunnel is higher while the length of the continuous occurrence section of rockburst is smaller. The rockburst section with length less than 10 m and depth of 1 m mainly occurs in the layer at a depth of 1 800–2 000 m. The influences of opening geometry and excavation method on the characteristics of the adjacent zone are great, but the influence of the stress among the tunnel group induced by excavation is relatively low.

Quantitative multiparameter prediction of fault-related fractures： a case study of the second member of the Funing Formation in the Jinhu Sag, Subei Basin

In this paper, the analysis of faults with different scales and orientations reveals that the distribution of fractures always develops toward a higher degree of similarity with faults, and a method for calculating the multiscale areal fracture density is proposed using fault-fracture self-similarity theory. Based on the fracture parameters observed in cores and thin sections, the initial apertures of multiscale fractures are determined using the constraint method with a skewed distribution. Through calculations and statistical analyses of in situ stresses in combination with physical experiments on rocks, a numerical geomechanical model of the in situ stress field is established. The fracture opening ability under the in situ stress field is subsequently analyzed. Combining the fracture aperture data and areal fracture density at different scales, a calculation model is proposed for the prediction of multiscale and multiperiod fracture parameters, including the fracture porosity, the magnitude and direction of maximum permeability and the flow conductivity. Finally, based on the relationships among fracture aperture,density, and the relative values of fracture porosity and permeability, a fracture development pattern is determined.

Experimental Analysis on Allometric Growth in Spualiobarbus curriculus Larvae and Juveniles in Zhaoqing Reach of the Pearl River

Ecological experiment was conducted in this paper to study the allometric growth in Squaliobarbus curriculus larvae and juveniles from Zhaoqing Reach of the Pearl River. The results showed that after first feeding, the organs associated to swimming, feeling and feeding of larvae differentiated rapidly, and exhibited allometric growth. The head length, tail length and head height exhibited positive allometric growth, while trunk length exhibited negative allometric growth before reaching the growth inflexion point 20 d after first feeding, and positive allometric growth after the inflection point. Body height exhibited positive allometric growth both before and after the growth inflexion point at 18 d after first feeding. The inflexion points of snout length, eye diameter and post-eye head length occurred 23, 19 and 16 d after first feeding. For swimming organs, the dorsal fin, pelvic fins and anal fin exhibited positive allometric growth both before and after the inflexion point at 18, 19 and 17 d after first feeding; but the tail fin exhibited positive allometric growth before the inflexion point at 14 d after first feeding, and negative allometric growth after the inflexion point. S. curriculus larvae can possess various abilities soon after first feeding to survive at early stage due to the rapid development of swimming, feeling, feeding and other organs, which has important ecological significance to adapt to the complex external environment.

Demand-Side Reform:A New Mission to Promote the Dual Circulation Development Pattern

Beginning with increasing effective demand,thedemand-sidereformadvocates for the strategy to expand domestic demand,rectifies distortions in the demand structure,and further aligns demand and supply by reforming the mechanisms for demand formation and regulation,matching supply and demand structures,and easing restrictions on demand.This will enhance economic growth potential and operational efficiency.The demandside reform contributes to developing a super-large-scale market and optimize market functions to form a unified national market.It also helps address significant structural distortions within domestic circulation and move faster to form a new development pattern of dual circulation.As demand-side reform inevitably deals with the vested interests of stakeholders,it presents challenges on par with supplyside structural reform.Therefore,due attention must be given in terms of priority and weight by increasing operational and property household income,transforming governmentt functions,rectifying any excessive market-orientedreforms in certain public service sectors,among others.

Demand-Side Reform under the New Development Pattern:Theoretical Connotations,Bottlenecks and Implementation Approaches

In recent years,the changes in the external environment and domestic development conditions have promoted the transformation of China's economy to one dominated by domestic circulation.In December 2020,the Communist Party of China Central Committee put forward the demand-side reform for the first time in order to prepare China for the new development stage of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)and to promote the new strategic deployment of China's high-quality development.Based on the paths and direction of the current 14thFive-YearPlan(2021-2015)tobuild a new development pattern,this paper elaborates on the theoretical connotations of the demand-side reform,points out the bottlenecks such as the unreasonable demand structure in China,the mismatch between the industrial system and the high-level demand,the resulting demand spillovers,the poor demand channels,and puts forward the current approaches to thedemand-sideereform in China.

Analysis on the causes of massive stranding of Yellow Sea green tide on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts in 2022

In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since 2015.We studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and Rizhao.Results show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating U.prolifera rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green tide.Because green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth rate.In addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.

Research on the Scientific Connotation of New Development Pattern

General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on building the new development pattern is an important theoretical viewpoint of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.The theory is to understand and reveal the objective law of the development of things,which requires us to use the theoretical method of economics to demonstrate the understanding and grasp of the objective law of the economy.The ideological source of the important exposition on new development pattern can only be explored in Marxist theory.Marx’s surplus value theory is based on an analysis of the economic cycle of capitalist domestic production,distribution,circulation and consumption,and reveals the general law of socialized mass production.The important exposition on the new development pattern is precisely the application,innovation and development of this scientific principle under the condition of socialist economy.Scholars should not examine,understand or explain the objective requirement of“taking the domestic market as the mainstay”from the perspective of“dependence on foreign trade”.An empirical study on the contribution of China’s three major demands to economic growth shows that the important judgment on the new development pattern not only reveals the basic characteristics of China’s economic development,but also points out its future trend.That“domestic and overseas markets reinforce each other”is not only a summary of China’s historical practice in its economic interaction with the rest of the world,but also denies the one-sided theoretical viewpoint in Western mainstream international economics,and reveals the objective law of the dynamic balance between China and the open world economy on the basis of pluralistic balance.The important exposition on the new development pattern also contains the main contents of how to implement the new development philosophy and deepen the reform inevitable in building a modern socialist country in the new development stage.It is the theoretical cornerstone of the guilding ideology of deepening reform.

Accelerating the Construction of New Development Pattern and the Paths of Manufacturing Transformation and Upgrading

This paper reviews the basic implications and policy orientation of the new development pattern and the impacts of constructing the new development pattern on the manufacturing transformation and upgrading,based on which the choice of manufacturing transformation and upgrading paths is further discussed under the new development pattern.This paper holds that the paths of manufacturing transformation and upgrading need to be adjusted and expanded under the conditions of constructing the new development pattern.The main ideas are as follows.Restructuring the manufacturing industry chain with the large domestic market as the main guide,creating the good environment conducive to independent innovation,coordinating the regional layout for the overall high-quality manufacturing development,optimizing the business environment and enhancing the vitality and driving force of the manufacturing’s development,relying on the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)for a higher level of international circulation.The theoretical bases for adjusting and expanding the paths of manufacturing transformation and upgrading are:embracing the new requirements with domestic circulation as the mainstay,the characteristics with the mutual reinforcement of domestic and international circulations,and promoting the manufacturing’s high-quality development and the medium and high-speed growth.

Promoting the Integration of China’s Tourism Industry into the New Development Pattern with Dual Circulation

Tourism is increasingly prominent for economic and social development,both as a strategic pillar industry of national economy and as a modern service industry that satisfies people’s aspirations for a better life.This paper probes into tourism development and opening up from the perspective of the new development pattern with dual circulation,which is of practical implications for the tourism development.Balancedly developing domestic and inbound and outbound tourism-accelerating domestic tourism,expanding inbound tourism,and regulating outbound tourism-is an important way for tourism integrating into the new development pattern.For this point,it is essential to fully play the decisive role of market mechanisms and better play the regulatory role of the government.Multiple measures should be taken for the rapid,high-quality and sustainable development of tourism and for the mutual promotion of domestic and international tourism,so as to lay the foundation for making China to be a world tourism power.

Theoretical Logic and Empirical Facts of Consumption Structure Upgrade and Domestic Value Chain Circulation under the New Development Pattern

Under the new development pattern,this paper explores the characteristic tendencies and intergenerational changes of consumption structure upgrade(CSU)as well as the theoretical logic and empirical paradigm affecting the domestic value chain circulation.This paper constructs a region-industry decomposition framework for domestic value chain circulation based on backward demand to explore the impact of CSU on domestic value chain circulation.The results show that:first,CSU can optimize the structure of domestic value chain circulation and strengthen inter-regional value chain linkage;second,CSU promotes domestic value chain circulation through innovation drive,resource optimization and industrial coupling;finally,the domestic value chain circulation effect caused by CSU may be constrained by market segmentation,and accelerating regional economic integration across a country can help build up the main position of domestic value chain.

Make Coordinated Efforts to Advance the Building of Modern Circulation System in the Context of the New Development Pattern

The circulation system links production and consumption.It is not only the basis on which the new development pattern is built but also an important guarantee for achieving domestic circulation.During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,improving the modern circulation system is essential for ensuring unimpeded domestic circulation and supporting high-quality economic development.This paper expounds on the new changes of and requirements on the circulation system under new circumstances,summarizes the current situation of the circulation system,analyzes the problems and challenges that the circulation system is faced with according to new requirements,and makes recommendations and puts forward main measures in a targeted way,so as to provide references for promoting coordinated development of the modern circulation system.

Causes of China’s current economic development pattern

At the beginning of the 21st century,China’s economy entered a period of rapid growth and current economic development pattern was formed.Despite the rapid growth of the economy,the current development pattern has caused divergence from the aim of development,stagnation of the means of development,and distortion of the drivers of development.The cause of the current economic development pattern is one where market-oriented reforms are pushing local governments to shift roles from profit entities to market entities,but local governments are failing to undertake the responsibilities of the market and have been exceeding their authority,ignoring their roles,or misplacing their efforts for some time.If the current economic development pattern is not changed,China could either fall into the“middle-income trap”or the“resource-exhaustion trap.”

China's Scientific and Technological Innovation Strategy under the New Pattern of Development

Innovation is the driver and accelerator for high-quality economic development and the transformation and upgrading of enterprises.At present,the world is undergoing significant changes unseen over the last century.Faced with the new world economic pattern and the new international relations in the postpandemic era,China should systematically clarify the prominent problems with the current scientific and technological(S&T)system,and establish new technological innovation strategies in the new era and new economic landscape,which are of great significance.Especially in the context of the new pattern of development,it is greatly highlighted how to systematically lower over-dependence on core technologies and resolve bottleneck problems with core technology arising from excessive attention to the international economic flows.Based on the medium-and long-term strategic background of the current new pattern of development,this paper explores the prominent problems of the S&T innovation system under the background of the new pattern of development from the perspectives of innovation policy system,regional innovation system,and enterprise innovation mode.Meanwhile,the paper believes that the innovation guidance system under the new pattern of development needs to be realized based on the guidance of the new innovation strategy of"opening thinking based on bottom lines and comprehensive indigenous innovation,"and also the three leading paths of holistic innovation guided by the new pattern of the whole national institutional system,the future industry,and the world-class enterprises.Only in this way can China become a power in terms of S&T innovation in the world.