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Application Research of Oil Development Costs in Reservoir Management 被引量:2
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作者 Qu Debin Shao Yang +2 位作者 Dong Weihong Li Feng Qu Haixu 《China Oil & Gas》 CAS 2011年第1期34-39,共6页
Based on oil development costs, the application research in the technical and economic limits calculation of oil development and the production optimal allocation to all the oilfields, was finished. At the same time, ... Based on oil development costs, the application research in the technical and economic limits calculation of oil development and the production optimal allocation to all the oilfields, was finished. At the same time, according to the regression of real development costs, a new method for oil well economic water cut and oil well economic rate are set up, the production optimal allocation is developed with satisfactory results. 展开更多
关键词 Oil development costs Oil well economic limit water cut Oil well economic limit rate costregression Production optimal allocation Reservoir Management
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Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of UAV Considering Development Costs
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作者 Zhenxin Hong Xiaojia Zhao Hongxin Li 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2024年第4期1105-1125,共21页
The paper establishes a multidisciplinary design and optimization framework that aims at minimizing Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) development costs. This framework integrates development costs as an equally important... The paper establishes a multidisciplinary design and optimization framework that aims at minimizing Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) development costs. This framework integrates development costs as an equally important factor alongside weight and aerodynamic disciplines within the UAV design process. The OpenMDAO paradigm is employed to facilitate a standalone design and optimization application. A comprehensive multidisciplinary analysis module is developed, encompassing initial geometrical sizing, weight analysis, aerodynamic performance evaluation, and estimation models for development costs. The effectiveness of the framework is validated through a low-cost, high-performance UAV case study. The results demonstrate that neglecting the influence of UAV development costs would be imprudent. By appropriately adjusting design parameters using the optimization algorithm, significant reductions in UAV development costs can be achieved with minimal performance losses. 展开更多
关键词 UAV development costs Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization Design Application
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Green Marketing and Sustainable Development of Garment Industry -- A Game between Cost and Profit
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作者 Chunmei Yang Chun Wang 《Chinese Business Review》 2006年第4期42-47,53,共7页
This paper introduces how green marketing influences the sustainable development of garment industry. It analyzes the cost and profit to implement green marketing, both in a short term and in the long run. In a short ... This paper introduces how green marketing influences the sustainable development of garment industry. It analyzes the cost and profit to implement green marketing, both in a short term and in the long run. In a short term, the cost may increase. However, in the long run, the income will be higher than the cost. There're five reasons: reduced cost, expanding export by breaking down green barriers, establishing the enterprise's green image, being more competitive and avoiding green tax. Therefore, implementing green marketing is pivotal to the sustainable development of garment industry. 展开更多
关键词 green marketing sustainable development cost profit
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Cost Climate Survey Scale in Construction:Development and Empirical Research
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作者 HE Wei CHEN Song 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2018年第3期220-227,共8页
To develop the cost climate survey scale( CCSS) used in construction enterprises,the design concepts,principles and the process diagrams of CCSS are proposed.Through questionnaire investigation and expert interviews,3... To develop the cost climate survey scale( CCSS) used in construction enterprises,the design concepts,principles and the process diagrams of CCSS are proposed.Through questionnaire investigation and expert interviews,314 projects are established and the CCSS that is made up of 7 dimensions framework and 30 levels is preliminarily determined.After categorized merger,pre-test analysis and multiple items refining,16 projects of CCSS are eventually compiled.In order to verify the credibility and validity of the CCSS,200 employees in Qinhuangdao construction company as the samples are tested.SPSS 21.0 is used to analyze the reliability,validity and rationality of level divisions,and Amos 22.0 is for analyzing the degree of model adaptation in this survey.Finally,the current cost climate situation of the construction site in the company is evaluated,the deficiencies of the cost culture of the construction site are pointed out.This study shows that strengthening the cost knowledge training has a significant positive effect on the cost climate cognition of the employees.Nevertheless,accumulation of work experience has a dual impact on that.The CCSS is not only an important foundation for the cost climate research and its theoretical development,but also the premise of the cost climate quantitative research.An appropriate CCSS,to some extent,can reflect the cognitive level of all kinds of employees in one enterprise and cost savings degree of the enterprise in a certain time.The development of CCSS reflects the originality and interactivity,and fills a blank of the CCSS in construction,which is considered to be an effective tool for cost climate research in construction. 展开更多
关键词 cost climate scale development reliability validity empirical research
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Cost Cut Holds Key to Survival and Development of Oil & Petrochemical Enterprises
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《China Oil & Gas》 CAS 1999年第2期97-99,共3页
关键词 cost Cut Holds Key to Survival and development of Oil Petrochemical Enterprises
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Investigation on Relationship between Cost and Software Reliability 被引量:3
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作者 XURen-zuo HANYi-fan HUANGCan YAOJun-feng 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2005年第1期9-12,共4页
Based on the fact that the software development cost is an important factorto control the whole project, we discuss the relationship between the software development cost andsoftware reliability according to the empir... Based on the fact that the software development cost is an important factorto control the whole project, we discuss the relationship between the software development cost andsoftware reliability according to the empirieal data collected from the development process. Byevolutionary modeling we get an empirical model of the relationship between cost and softwarereliability, and validate the estimate results with the empirical data. 展开更多
关键词 cost controlling softwaie reliability: software development cost empiricaldata evolutionary modeling
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Assessment of global solar resource development 被引量:2
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作者 Qiong Tang Jiawei Wu +1 位作者 Jinyu Xiao Yuanbing Zhou 《Global Energy Interconnection》 EI CAS CSCD 2021年第5期453-464,共12页
With the increasing severity of environmental problems,many countries have set energy transition targets to promote the realization of the Paris Agreement.There has been a global consensus on utilizing solar energy re... With the increasing severity of environmental problems,many countries have set energy transition targets to promote the realization of the Paris Agreement.There has been a global consensus on utilizing solar energy resources as alternatives to conventional sources to support this energy transition.In this regard,analyzing the“location,”“quantity,”and“quality”of global solar energy resources will not only assist an individual country to efficiently utilize these resources but also promote the realization of large-scale intercontinental resource utilization and complementation.This study established the basic database,model methods,and platform tools for global solar energy assessment,Then,a global solar energy resource assessment was conducted,which included the theoretical reserves(TRs),technical installed potential capacity(TPIC),and average development cost(ADC).A comparative analysis of the assessment results for all continents was also performed.After that,based on big data analysis and geographic information system(GIS)calculations,the distribution characteristics of the global solar power TPIC were calculated with the two core indicators,namely the capacity factor and ADC.Furthermore,a data-driven quantitative evaluation of the refined development potential of solar energy resources was performed.Finally,the reasonableness and coincidence analysis of the resource assessment results were verified using data from global and specifically Chinese photovoltaic(PV)bases. 展开更多
关键词 Solar energy resource assessment Theoretical reserves Technical installed capacity Average development cost development potential Big data GIS
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Estimation of Reliability and Cost Relationship for Architecture-based Software
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作者 Hui Guan Wei-Ru Chen +1 位作者 Ning Huang Hong-Ji Yang 《International Journal of Automation and computing》 EI 2010年第4期603-610,共8页
In this paper, wc propose a new method to estimate the relationship between software reliability and software development cost taking into account the complexity for developing the software system and the size of soft... In this paper, wc propose a new method to estimate the relationship between software reliability and software development cost taking into account the complexity for developing the software system and the size of software intended to develop during the implementation phase of the software development lifc cycle. On the basis of estimated relationship, a set of empirical data has been used to validate the correctness of the proposed model by comparing the result with the other existing models. The outcome of this work shows that the method proposed here is a relatively straightforward one in formulating the relationship between reliability and cost during implementation phase. 展开更多
关键词 development cost failure rate software architecture software reliability
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The application of modem cost management in real estate enterprise
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作者 Liang Qi 《International Journal of Technology Management》 2014年第6期97-99,共3页
This paper will be on the real estate development enterprise cost analysis and cost forecast, decision-making, plan, control, analysis and feedback were described, as well as how to use value engineering to enterprise... This paper will be on the real estate development enterprise cost analysis and cost forecast, decision-making, plan, control, analysis and feedback were described, as well as how to use value engineering to enterprise value chain each link cost allocation, ut also to the enterprise strategy analysis and research, as well as cost management and strategic interaction analysis. Finally, it has a cost of real estate development enterprises case analysis and research. The author believes that the article will be on the real estate development enterprise management have some practical significance. 展开更多
关键词 real estate development enterprises strategic management of modern cost management
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Technology and Market Prospect Analysis of Low Cost Small-lift Launch Vehicles for Small Satellites
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作者 YAO Yanfeng CUI Yinghui +1 位作者 FAN Wei PEI Shengwei 《Aerospace China》 2016年第3期36-43,共8页
The technological development status of new generation low cost small-lift launch vehicles applied to small satellite launch is investigated in this paper. The development trends are summarized, including low cost and... The technological development status of new generation low cost small-lift launch vehicles applied to small satellite launch is investigated in this paper. The development trends are summarized, including low cost and rapid response capability, utilization of mature rocket and missile technology, the development of mobile launch technology adopting air-based platforms and use of innovative technology. Moreover, the external power and internal demand of the small-lift launch vehicle are analyzed and the market prospect is forecasted. Finally, proposals for the development of small-lift launch vehicles are put forward, including exploration of the potential of existing rocket and missile technology, development of multi-platform mobile launch technology and further application of innovative technology and ideas. 展开更多
关键词 Small satellite Low cost Small-lift launch vehicle development trends Market prospect
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基于灰色关联分析理论和等工程价值比方法的飞行器研制生产费用研究 被引量:7
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作者 解建喜 宋笔锋 +2 位作者 刘东霞 许建 姚琴 《兵工学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第2期223-227,共5页
基于国内外历史数据,采用灰色关联分析理论建立了飞行器研制生产费用驱动因子的确定方法;结合飞行器早期设计中已知信息较少的特点,引入等工程价值比概念,根据确定出的费用驱动因子修正已有的国外研制生产费用模型,来估算适合于国情的... 基于国内外历史数据,采用灰色关联分析理论建立了飞行器研制生产费用驱动因子的确定方法;结合飞行器早期设计中已知信息较少的特点,引入等工程价值比概念,根据确定出的费用驱动因子修正已有的国外研制生产费用模型,来估算适合于国情的新型号飞行器研制生产费用,为国内飞行器顶层设计研制生产费用的研究和费用效能评估提供了一种新思路。 展开更多
关键词 系统评估与可行性分析 飞行器 寿命周期费用 研制生产费用 费用驱动因子 灰色关联分析 等工程价值比 顶层设计
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MOOCs的商业模式及其盈亏平衡研究 被引量:4
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作者 许涛 《现代教育论丛》 2015年第2期45-52,共8页
近年来,以慕课(MOOCs)为代表的教育技术创新在全球高等教育领域掀起了声势浩大的变革运动,商业性慕课平台和大学纷纷推出慕课以满足全球各地学习者的在线学习需求。然而,支撑慕课实现可持续发展的商业模式及其盈亏平衡点在实践和研究中... 近年来,以慕课(MOOCs)为代表的教育技术创新在全球高等教育领域掀起了声势浩大的变革运动,商业性慕课平台和大学纷纷推出慕课以满足全球各地学习者的在线学习需求。然而,支撑慕课实现可持续发展的商业模式及其盈亏平衡点在实践和研究中却少有论及。本文总结了当前慕课的商业模式,并在慕课开发和实施成本的基础上分析了实现盈亏平衡状态下每门慕课所需最低注册人数并针对计划实施慕课教学的高等教育机构提出了相应建议。 展开更多
关键词 慕课(MOOCs) 商业模式 开发和实施成本 盈亏平衡分析
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商品住宅项目开发成本的控制 被引量:1
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作者 钱和友 《安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版)》 2012年第2期34-35,共2页
在国家对房地产市场进行严格宏观调控的背景下,房地产企业加强商品住宅项目开发成本控制具有重要意义。房地产企业应充分分析商品住宅开发流程各阶段的成本影响因素,加强各阶段成本的控制。
关键词 商品住宅 开发成本 影响因素 控制
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旅游度假区开发模式变迁的路径依赖及其生成机制——三亚亚龙湾案例 被引量:24
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作者 陈钢华 保继刚 《旅游学刊》 CSSCI 2013年第8期58-68,共11页
旅游度假区作为开展度假旅游活动的专业化区域,是我国旅游产业实现转型升级的重要载体。旅游度假区的开发模式是目前国内外学界关注的焦点之一,但鲜见关于开发模式变迁的系统讨论和理论解释。文章指出,亚龙湾旅游度假区的开发模式经历了... 旅游度假区作为开展度假旅游活动的专业化区域,是我国旅游产业实现转型升级的重要载体。旅游度假区的开发模式是目前国内外学界关注的焦点之一,但鲜见关于开发模式变迁的系统讨论和理论解释。文章指出,亚龙湾旅游度假区的开发模式经历了由"政府主导"模式到"企业主导"模式再到"政府主导、企业配合"模式的转变;并明确指出开发模式的变迁存在路径依赖。文章在探讨理解制度变迁路径依赖的两种不同进路的基础上,采纳"道路分岔口"的进路,并整合制度费用理论,提出了解释开发模式变迁路径依赖生成机制的基本命题,并进行了验证。研究表明,在亚龙湾旅游度假区开发模式选择的关键性节点上,理论上对开发模式选择具有影响力的行动主体面临诸多选择。但是,制度费用的存在从两个方面结构化了潜在选项:一方面,作为一种制度安排的开发模式的选择必须考虑到放弃之前开发模式的机会成本;另一方面,也必须考虑到选择新的开发模式的潜在新增成本。制度遗产、利益集团讨价还价能力等均不同程度、不同方向地影响了开发模式的制度费用和制度收益,从而影响开发模式的选择与变迁路径。该研究推进了关于海南乃至转型期中国制度变迁的理论解释,并拓展和深化了原有制度变迁的路径依赖理论。 展开更多
关键词 旅游度假区 开发模式变迁 路径依赖 制度变迁 制度费用
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地方政府科技标准财政支出测算研究
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作者 伏润民 虞循循 《思想战线》 CSSCI 北大核心 2006年第4期103-109,共7页
从提高科技财政支出的总量、体现科技投入效率和兼顾区域均衡发展的理念出发,引入技术市场成交额和发展成本差异指数等变量,运用回归分析和因素分析结合法重新构建了地方政府科技标准财政支出的测算方法。
关键词 标准财政支出 科技 发展成本差异指数
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汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的快速命名缺陷:副中央凹预视效益小和负荷代价大之争 被引量:3
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作者 李馨 王雯 +5 位作者 梁菲菲 马杰 杨宇 连坤予 张明哲 白学军 《心理科学》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2019年第1期43-49,共7页
关于汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的快速命名缺陷存在两种理论争论:副中央凹预视效益小和副中央凹负荷代价大。本研究采用修订的汉字快速命名范式,操纵副中央凹预视和负荷两个变量,记录阅读障碍、年龄匹配以及能力匹配儿童的眼动轨迹,区分两... 关于汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的快速命名缺陷存在两种理论争论:副中央凹预视效益小和副中央凹负荷代价大。本研究采用修订的汉字快速命名范式,操纵副中央凹预视和负荷两个变量,记录阅读障碍、年龄匹配以及能力匹配儿童的眼动轨迹,区分两种理论争论。结果发现阅读障碍儿童在副中央凹预视效益量上小于年龄匹配组,但在负荷代价上并无显著差异。结果支持汉语阅读障碍儿童快速命名缺陷源于副中央凹预视效益小,而非负荷代价大的观点。 展开更多
关键词 发展性阅读障碍儿童 预视效益 负荷代价
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基于成本效率和纯技术效率的中国上市物流公司发展模式研究 被引量:5
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作者 张毅 陈圻 《中国科技论坛》 CSSCI 北大核心 2010年第10期46-50,共5页
本文在分析中国物流上市企业成本效率和纯技术效率变化的基础上,探索物流企业应对挑战的发展模式。应用NEW-COST-DEA和SUPER-BCC模型对17家上市物流公司2006-2008年间的成本效率和纯技术效率进行了测评。根据成本效率与纯技术效率聚类,... 本文在分析中国物流上市企业成本效率和纯技术效率变化的基础上,探索物流企业应对挑战的发展模式。应用NEW-COST-DEA和SUPER-BCC模型对17家上市物流公司2006-2008年间的成本效率和纯技术效率进行了测评。根据成本效率与纯技术效率聚类,将17家公司分为三种模式:高成本效率-高纯技术效率、低成本效率-高纯技术效率、低成本效率-低纯技术效率。有3家公司一直处于双高模式;2家公司处于低成本效率-高纯技术效率的模式,4家公司一直处于低成本效率-低纯技术效率的模式,8家公司的模式产生变化。各类公司应根据自身特点采取不同的路径改善成本效率和纯技术效率水平。相关部门应出台更为细化的政策提高物流行业的集中度和规模水平。 展开更多
关键词 成本效率 纯技术效率 上市物流公司 发展模式
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Peabody运动发育量表及配套运动训练方案在脑损伤患儿康复训练中的应用 被引量:17
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作者 杜开先 余丰侠 娄季宇 《中国现代医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第1期71-74,共4页
摘要:目的探讨Peabody运动发育量表(PDMS-2)及其配套训练方案在新生儿脑损伤患儿康复训练中的应用价值。方法选取年龄2~3个月脑损伤患儿116例随机分为A组、B组,并选取同期正常婴儿30例为对照组c纽。各组婴儿干预前均进行儿心量表... 摘要:目的探讨Peabody运动发育量表(PDMS-2)及其配套训练方案在新生儿脑损伤患儿康复训练中的应用价值。方法选取年龄2~3个月脑损伤患儿116例随机分为A组、B组,并选取同期正常婴儿30例为对照组c纽。各组婴儿干预前均进行儿心量表评估,A组患儿干预前同时采用PDMS-2进行评估,并根据结果运用其配套训练方案进行干预,B组患儿采取常规康复治疗。3个月后再次对各组患儿用儿心量表进行发育评估。同时对治愈患儿进行治疗成本分析。结果3个月评估显示两组患儿发育商都有所提高,但A组患儿发育商显著高于B组(P〈0.05);治愈患儿成本分析,A组的平均住院时间及费用均小于B组,二者相比有显著性P〈0.05)。结论PDMS-2及其配套训练方案在脑损伤患儿早期干预中意义重大且可降低医疗成本。 展开更多
关键词 PEABODY运动发育量表 运动训练方案 脑损伤 成本分析
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植物表型可塑性研究进展 被引量:45
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作者 王姝 周道玮 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第24期8161-8169,共9页
表型可塑性已成为生态进化发育生物学的核心概念,很大程度上由于植物可塑性研究的主要贡献,但人们仍远未完全了解表型可塑性的原因和结果。从整体角度理出表型可塑性研究发展的基本脉络,介绍研究内容、途径和简史,聚焦于几个主要方面的... 表型可塑性已成为生态进化发育生物学的核心概念,很大程度上由于植物可塑性研究的主要贡献,但人们仍远未完全了解表型可塑性的原因和结果。从整体角度理出表型可塑性研究发展的基本脉络,介绍研究内容、途径和简史,聚焦于几个主要方面的研究进展及发展方向。现代可塑性研究的兴盛始于关于可塑性的进化学重要性的一篇综述,从现象的描述、对其遗传基础和可塑性本身进化的讨论,发展到探索其背后的发育机制、植物生长与适应策略、生态学影响等。未来可塑性研究应在重新理解和评价表型可塑性及其适应性的基础上,更关注自然条件下环境因子和可塑响应的复杂性。表型可塑性的生态-进化学意义仍将是未来研究的重点。 展开更多
关键词 环境的复杂性 构件特征 可塑性的进化 适应性可塑 成本与限制 发育的可塑
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早产儿发展性照顾与传统护理模式的费用效果分析 被引量:16
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作者 曾琨 骆庆明 +3 位作者 范雪金 曾娟 谢彩璇 列锦艮 《实用医院临床杂志》 2018年第3期214-217,共4页
目的对早产儿发展性照顾护理和传统护理措施进行评价,为进一步提高早产儿的治疗效果,指导干预策略的改进,降低家庭卫生费用负担。方法通过收集2014年1月至2017年12月我院住院的早产儿护理资料,根据不同护理措施分为发展性照顾护理组(实... 目的对早产儿发展性照顾护理和传统护理措施进行评价,为进一步提高早产儿的治疗效果,指导干预策略的改进,降低家庭卫生费用负担。方法通过收集2014年1月至2017年12月我院住院的早产儿护理资料,根据不同护理措施分为发展性照顾护理组(实验组)和传统护理模式组(对照组),2014年1月-2016年6月收治的早产儿采用传统护理模式(对照组),2016年7月至2017年12月收治的早产儿采用发展性照顾护理方案进行干预(观察组),组内按患儿周龄划分为26~30^(+6)周,31~34^(+6)周以及35~36^(+6)周三组,比较住院治疗指标、并发症发生率以及直接医疗费用的差异。结果除26~30^(+6)周患儿的开始经口进食时间、静脉营养天数及35~36^(+6)周患儿的住院天数较对照组无差异(P>0.05)外,试验组中不同周龄早产儿的呼吸机时间、持续正压通气时间、开始经口进食时间、静脉营养天数、体重增长、住院天数均较对照组有明显缩短(P<0.05)。两组早产儿在气胸、呼吸机相关性肺炎、真菌感染、NEC、ROP以及死亡等并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除26~30^(+6)周患儿住院总费用及35~36^(+6)周患儿机械通气费用、静脉营养费用、抗生素费用、检查费、住院总费两组无显著差异(P>0.05)外,试验组中不同周龄早产儿的机械通气费用、静脉营养费用、抗生素费用、留置针费用、检验费、检查费以及住院总费用均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论发展性照顾护理可缩短不同周龄的早产儿的住院治疗时间,降低治疗费用,具有推广价值。 展开更多
关键词 发展性照顾 早产儿 费用 效果分析
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