Contributions of the 18th CPC National Congress to Innovation and Development of Human Rights Theories

The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC） set ＂respecting and ensuring human rights＂ as an important goal of development and reform in China, thus siniciz ing the latest Marxist human rights theories and reflecting major in novations and developments made by the CPC in the field of human rights theory. I. Human Rights as a Core Idea and Important Goal of Social Development Human rights are integral to the pursuit of the core value of socialism and to the core idea of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The report of the 18th CPC National Congress summarized the new progress and experience of human rights advance ment in recent years in China by setting ＂respecting and ensuring hu man rights＂ as an important goal of China as it completes the building of a moderately prosperous society.

Create an International Environment for the Peaceful and Steady Development to Boost the Sound Development of Human Rights on the International Stage——An Address at the Opening Ceremony of the 7th Beijing Forum on Human Rights, Spet. 17, 2014

Since its initiation in 2008, the Beijing Forum on Human Rights has been bent on promoting our mutual understanding and expanding our common grounds. It has carried out very fruitful exchanges and researches around many important questions concerning human rights development, and hence attained great achievements. It has played avery constructive role in promoting exchanges about and cooperation in human rights between China and other countries, becoming an important and influential platform for international dialogs over human rights.

Exhibition Highlights Development of Human Rights in China——An interview with Professor Dong Yunhu, vice-president and secretary-general of China Society for Human Rights Studies

EDITOR＇S NOTE： An exhibition on human rights in China was held in the Cultural Palace of Ethnic Groups, Beijing, November 17-26, 2006, jointly by the Information Office of the State Council, China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS） and China Human Rights Development Fund. The exhibition attracted more than 10,000 visitors from in and outside the country and aroused much media attention. Following is an interview by our reporter with Prof. Dong Yunhu, vice-president and secretary-general of the CSHRS, on the exhibition.

“Running China in Accordance with the Law” Ensures Development of Human Rights

I. A Review of China＇s Judicial Protection for Human Rights To effectively protect human rights, a country needs to specify in its laws a complete series of basic rights its citizens shall enjoy. Meanwhile, the legal rights for an individual citizen would be meaningless even though such rights are prescribed in laws if, when the person＇s rights are infringed upon, he or she has no access to judicial relief. Administration of justice is the last resort, in fact the most effective, means.

On All-round Development of Human Rights in China

In October 2003, the Third Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China （CPC） called for adherence to ＂the outlook toward development based on the fundamental interests of the people, toward an all-round, balanced and sustainable development.＂ The session also proposed to the National People＇s Congress （NPC） that respect for and protection of human rights be written into the country＇s Constitution. And accordingly, the NPC adopted a decision to revise the Constitution the following year. The call and the proposal were inter-related. The call sets the guideline, the theoretical basis and the orientation for the development of human rights in China. The pro- posal subsequently resulted in a revision of-the Constitution, the fundamental state law, which came as a legal guarantee for respect for and protection of human rights. Then, the ＂task of promoting an all-round development of the human rights cause＂ was written down into the country＇s Eleventh Five-Year Program for National Economic and Social Development （2006-2010）, which was approved by the NPC in March 2006. This was the first time that the development of human rights was written into a national program for social development. This means that an even closer link has been forged between China＇s human rights cause on one hand and the country＇s political, economic, cultural and social welfare undertakings on the other, thus preparing China＇s human rights cause for faster and sustainable development. We are now safe to predict that in the future, there will be even more and better rights the Chinese people are able to enjoy.

Discussion on the Influence of Cultural Traditions Towards the Development of Human Rights

No matter whether we consider it from the perspective of historical development or specific conditions of reality, the formation of the concept of human rights, especial- ly its process of playing the realistic role via the concrete realization, has a direct and extremely close relationship with specific cultural values and historical heritages. Therefore, studies of human rights should not just remain at the abstract level of ＂from concept to concept.＂ On the contrary, we should further promote the sound development of the cause of human rights via concretizing this kind of studies.

Strengthen the Legal Protection of Human Rights and Promote the Development of Human Rights Cause

The 19;National Congress of the Communist Party of China established Xi Jinping’s socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in a new era,and opened up a new era for the socialist construction with Chinese characteristics.This indicates the direction for China’s human rights cause to move towards a new era,which has laid

A Reflection on China Development of Human Rights in the Last 30 Years

The 30 years since kaige kaifang, or the implementation of reform and openingup policies, are a period when human rights in China have had the fastest development. Human rights development in these years has followed this thread： economic development -emancipation of the mind-social opening-international cooperation.

A Critical Analysis of Global Governance vs.Protection and Development of Human Rights

Human rights merit global attention in the current era of globalization. The realization and protectionof human rights is an important part of the process of global governance. Meanwhile, global governance plays a double role in the protection and development of human rights. On the one hand, global governance and hu- man rights have a lot in common, both calling for democracy under the rule of law and protection of citizen rights. On the other hand, to varying degrees global governance weakens the au- thoritv of sovereien states.

Research on the Constitutional,Historical and Practical Logic of the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development——From the Perspective of the Inclusion of Human Rights Clause in the Constitution

The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is a concern and expression of the spirit of the Con-stitution,which has laid the institutional regulations of the fundamen-tal law for the development of human rights in China,provided the principles and value norms of the highest level of effectiveness for the legal protection of human rights,and built a profound constitutional basis for the formation and improvement of the Chinese path of human rights development.The human rights clause is not only a summariza-tion and affirmation of the historical practice of Chinese human rights development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,but also a new starting point for the development of human rights in China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.It marks that the development of human rights in China has entered a new era.The Party and the state have finally embarked on a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics by formulating and implementing the Human Rights Action Plan of China,eliminating ab-solute poverty through the national poverty alleviation campaign,and promoting human rights protection through the rule of law.

Human Rights and Development:China's Contributions Based on a Larger Concept of Human Rights

The Western liberal view of global governance can no longer effectively address the challenges facing the world today or respond to the demands of developing countries in the fields of human rights and development.Meanwhile,the United Nations human rights and development agenda also has its limitations.Against such a backdrop,China's path of human rights development has avoided the trap of human rights confrontation and the clash of civilizations.It has set an example of complementarity and positive interaction between human rights and development by unifying collective human rights with individual human rights and integrating the universality and particularity of human rights.Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,delivered a speech at the 37th group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on China's Path of Human Rights Development.This elevated China's human rights development to a new historical height.Practice has proved that China's concept and path of human rights in the new era have not only effectively promoted the development of its human rights cause,but also contributed Chinese wisdom to the global cause of human rights and development with a larger concept of human rights.Under the framework of the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind,the Belt and Road Initiative,and the Global Development Initiative,China has contributed to enhancing the discourse power of developing countries in human rights and building a fairer,more just,more reasonable and more inclusive system for global human rights governance.

Cultivating New-type Farmers Based on the Theory of Human Resources Development

Under the direction of theory of human resources development,this thesis analyzes the impact of rural human resources development oncultivating new-type farmers.Firstly,it increases the input of rural basic education;secondly,it reinforces the vocational education and technologytraining;thirdly,it promotes the rural medical and public health services;fourthly,it quickens the rural labor transfer.The status quo of China's ruralhuman resources has been analyzed as follows:in terms of the quantity of rural human resources,the status quo is large and quick-developed baseof rural human resources,high labor participatory rate,and constitution of low age;in terms of the quality of rural human resources,the status quois the ubiquitous low quality of rural human resources,low technological level of rural human resources,and overall low physical quality of farmers;in terms of the structure of rural human resources,the status quo is the irrational industrial structure distribution and imbalanced regional structuredistribution.The thesis also discusses the edification of theory of human resources development in cultivating new-type farmers.First,in terms ofthe control over quantity of rural human resources,it is to keep the stability of family planning policy,and expedite the transfer of rural surplus la-bor;second,in terms of promoting the quality of rural human resources,it is to bolster the development of reserve rural labor force resources,toconstruct the adult educational training system with Chinese characteristics,and to build rural primary health care system;third,in terms of adjus-ting the structure of rural human resources,it is to perfect rural human resources market,and adjust rural economical structure and talents struc-ture.

Development of Human Settlements in China in 1980s

During 1980s, China experienced an unprecedented settlement development which wastriggered by a major change of policies. lmplication of this development in the overall nationalsocio-economic development has been profound and lasting. It is no exaggeration to say that thesuccess of this settlement development has been playing an incomparable role in keeping the so-cial, political and economic stability of our country in the past volatile decade. The author of this paper has an intention to present readers with essentialmatter-of-facts about this development through the use of statistics and figures; to dis-cuss the reasons or momemturns including reforms and innovations that promoted therealization of this development; to explore issues relating to further development.

China Report on the Development of Human Settlements

ＣｈｉｎａＲｅｐｏｒｔｏｎｔｈｅＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＨｕｍａｎＳｅｔｔｌｅｍｅｎｔｓＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｉｔｈａｖｉｅｗｔｏｓｕｐＰＯｒｔｉｎｇＨａｂｉｔａｔ１１ａｎｄｐｒｏｍｏｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｈｏｕｓｉｎｇｃｏｎ...

Development of China's Public Health as an Essential Element of Human Rights

September 2017 Contents Preface Ensuring People’s Right to Health Based on China’s Conditions Continuous Improvement of Health Environment and Conditions Public Health Service Capability Improving Steadily Great Improvement in the Quality of Medical and Health Services Improvement of the National Medical Security System

The Practical Basis and Theoretical Innovation of Human Rights in Contemporary China——Theory of Human Rights Structure Moving towards Developmentalism

The practice of human rights in contemporary China puts forward an urgent demand for the innovation in human rights theories.On the basis of summarizing the practice of human rights in contemporary China,the developmental theory of human rights holds that human rights are the value consensus and social norms fostered by the common crisis faced by all human beings under the background of globalization of market economy.The free,comprehensive and harmonious development of all people is the ultimate goal of human rights.Taking the right to human development"as a purposive right can provide more enlightening explanations for the relational structure of human rights.

A Brief Study on the Formation and Features of the Development Path of Human Rights in China

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee on February 25,2022,stressing the importance of"unswervingly following the development path of Human Rights in China."After years of theoretical exploration and practical experience in human rights,the path has been blazed.It has been taken by adhering unswervingly to the strong leadership of the CPC,respecting the principal position of the people,practicing the people-centered development concept,proceeding from China s reality and the requirements of the people,combining the principle of universality of human rights with China's reality,strengthening the system and the rule of law protection of human rights,and actively participating in global governance on human rights.Only by unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China can the cause of human rights in China achieve better and faster development.

The Rapid Development of the Cause of Human Rights in China

As early as in 2002, the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundationfor Human Rights Development co-sponsored an international symposium titled ＂Oriental Culture and Human Rights Development,＂ marking an important milestone for the human rights organizations of China to confidently open themselves to the world and voluntarily perform mul- tilateral cooperation. In the past tenyears, the exchanges and cooperation in human rights between China and other countries in the world have been increasingly extended and deepened, and the world human rights cause has increasingly shown a positive trend of close contact, mutual dependence and collective development for all countries.