Theoretical Framework for a Polymorphic Network Environment

The question of whether an ideal network exists with global scalability in its full life cycle has always been a first-principles problem in the research of network systems and architectures.Thus far,it has not been possible to scientifically practice the design criteria of an ideal network in a unimorphic network system,making it difficult to adapt to known services with clear application scenarios while supporting the ever-growing future services with unexpected characteristics.Here,we theoretically prove that no unimorphic network system can simultaneously meet the scalability requirement in a full cycle in three dimensions—the service-level agreement(S),multiplexity(M),and variousness(V)—which we name as the“impossible SMV triangle”dilemma.It is only by transforming the current network development paradigm that the contradiction between global scalability and a unified network infrastructure can be resolved from the perspectives of thinking,methodology,and practice norms.In this paper,we propose a theoretical framework called the polymorphic network environment(PNE),the first principle of which is to separate or decouple application network systems from the infrastructure environment and,under the given resource conditions,use core technologies such as the elementization of network baselines,the dynamic aggregation of resources,and collaborative software and hardware arrangements to generate the capability of the“network of networks.”This makes it possible to construct an ideal network system that is designed for change and capable of symbiosis and coexistence with the generative network morpha in the spatiotemporal dimensions.An environment test for principle verification shows that the generated representative application network modalities can not only coexist without mutual influence but also independently match well-defined multimedia services or custom services under the constraints of technical and economic indicators.

Research on Coordinated Development and Optimization of Distribution Networks at All Levels in Distributed Power Energy Engineering

The uncertainty of distributed generation energy has dramatically challenged the coordinated development of distribution networks at all levels.This paper focuses on the multi-time-scale regulation model of distributed generation energy under normal conditions.The simulation results of the example verify the self-optimization characteristics and the effectiveness of real-time dispatching of the distribution network control technology at all levels under multiple time scales.

Development of Trusted Network and Challenges It Faces

As the information network plays a more and more important role globally, the traditional network theories and technologies, especially those related to network security, can no longer meet the network development requirements. Offering the system with secure and trusted services has become a new focus in network research. This paper first discusses the meaning of and aspects involved in the trusted network. According to this paper, the trusted network should be a network where the network’s and users’ behaviors and their results are always predicted and manageable. The trustworthiness of a network mainly involves three aspects: service provider, information transmission and terminal user. This paper also analyzes the trusted network in terms of trusted model for network/user behaviors, architecture of trusted network, service survivability and network manageability, which is designed to give ideas on solving the problems that may be faced in developing the trusted network.

Integration and development of energy and information network in the Pan-Arctic region

The Global Energy Interconnection is an important strategic approach used to achieve efficient worldwide energy allocation.The idea of developing integrated power,information,and transportation networks provides increased power interconnection functionality and meaning,helps condense forces,and accelerates the integration of global infrastructure.Correspondingly,it is envisaged that it will become the trend of industrial technological development in the future.In consideration of the current trend of integrated development,this study evaluates a possible plan of coordinated development of fiber-optic and power networks in the Pan-Arctic region.Firstly,the backbone network architecture of Global Energy Interconnection is introduced and the importance of the Arctic energy backbone network is confirmed.The energy consumption and developmental trend of global data centers are then analyzed.Subsequently,the global network traffic is predicted and analyzed by means of a polynomial regression model.Finally,in combination with the current construction of fiber-optic networks in the Pan-Arctic region,the advantages of the integration of the fiber-optic and power networks in this region are clarified in justification of the decision for the development of a Global Energy Interconnection scheme.

Study on Coordinated Development of Regions Based on the Construction of Enterprise Value Network

Under the background of constructing harmonious economic society, how to realize the coordinated development of regions in the course of region integration is a key problem. According to the relevant theory of enterprise gene reconfiguration and enterprise value network construction, we analyzed the problems in the merging course between the value network construction and region economic growth. Finally, we put forward the basic path of coordinated development of regions.

Technology-Transfer Through International Network Formation： Revisiting the Role of Cultural Variation

This paper studies the factors affecting the technology-transfer within international research and development （R＆D） networks. Specifically, this study examines the characteristics of ties, actors, and international network configuration to assess finn＇s accessibility to unique technologies. This study was conducted by research analysis in the aerospace industry. The total sample size used in this study is 125 cases of international R＆D consortiums from January 1980 to December 2000. The result of this study supports the effects of ＂strength of tie＂ and ＂characteristic of actors＂ on the technology transfer explained by network theory. It also demonstrates that the international network structure that would facilitate the technology transfer is shaped by dual type of tie; the apparent type of tie is general, usual, and functional tie, and the hidden one is the national culture.

China’s Urbanization Process and Outlook~

Starting JPom a low level China＇s rapid urOamzatlon ttas talcen on a targe scale over the past three decades. The urbanization of urban clusters has become a key driver of China＇s economic development. However, China＇s urbanization has been confronted with many issues, such as high resource and environmental costs, low level of citizenship for migrant workers, strong economic polarization and excessive dependence on land encroachment. In the near future, China＇s urbanization will enter a period of strategic transitioning, and the enhancement of the quality of urbanization will become a strategic priority. China＇s urbanization rate is projected to reach 60% by 2020 and 68% by 2030, eventually exceeding 80% by 2050. China＇s future urbanization must proceed from local realities, promote the balanced development of small, medium-sized and large cities and towns, optimize the spatial layout of urbanization, and follow a sensible pattern.

High-Speed EMU TCMS Design and LCC Technology Research

This paper introduces the high-speed electrical multiple unit （EMO） life cycle, including the design, manufacturing, testing, and maintenance stages. It also presents the train control and monitoring system （TCMS） software development platform, the TCMS testing and verification bench, the EMU driving simulation platform, and the EMU remote data transmittal and maintenance platform. All these platforms and benches combined together make up the EMU life cycle cost （LCC） system. Each platform facilitates EMU LCC management and is an important part of the system.

Risk Management Situation and Strategic Analysis of Supply Chains of Small and Medium Enterprises in Luzhou Liquor Industry Development Zone

After entering the information-based society, profound reform has happened in the business pattern of enterprises, and thecompetitive mode between traditional enterprises has been transformed into the competition between supply chains in nowadays. The liquorindustry in Luzhou is the pillar industry of economy, which involves “Luzhou Old Cellar”, “Ichiro Liquor”and other large-scale enterpriseswith well-known brands. Besides, many small and medium-sized enterprises are developing and flourishing in Luzhou. Compared with thedevelopment of large enterprises, the development of small and medium sized enterprises has more uncertainty and risks. At present, Luzhou Cityis setting about to build Huangyi into a liquor centralized zone, which is also a clusterization strategy for industry development of Luzhou liquor.For Luzhou Liquor Zone, the implementation of supply chain management of small and medium-sized enterprises can greatly reduce the cost ofenterprises and improve effi ciency of operation. The growth and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Luzhou Liquor Zone andthe promotion of advantages of industrial clusters are closely related to the risks of the supply chain.

Evolution of airports from a network perspective--An analytical concept

Analyzing airports＇ role in global air transportation and monitoring their development over time provides an additional perspective on the dynamics of network evolution.In order to understand the different roles airports can play in the network an integrated and multidimensional approach is needed.Therefore,an approach to airport classification through hierarchical clustering considering several parameters from network theory is presented in this paper.By applying a 29 year record of global flight data and calculating the conditional transition probabilities the results are displayed as an evolution graph similar to a discrete-time Markov chain.With this analytical concept the meaning of airports is analyzed from a network perspective and a new airport taxonomy is established.The presented methodology allows tracking the development of airports from certain categories into others over time.Results show that airports of equal classes run through similar stages of development with a limited number of alternatives,indicating clear evolutionary patterns.Apart from giving an overview of the results the paper illustrates the exact data-driven approach and suggests an evaluation scheme.The methodology can help the public and industry sector to make informed strategy decisions when it comes to air transportation infrastructure.

BLE Mesh： A Practical Mesh Networking Development Framework for Public Safety Communications

Owing to advanced storage and communication capabilities today, smart devices have become the basic interface between individuals and their surrounding environment. In particular, massive devices connect to one other directly in a proximity area, thereby enabling abundant Proximity Services（Pro Se）, which can be classified into two categories： public safety communication and social discovery. However, two challenges impede the quick development and deployment of Pro Se applications. From the viewpoint of networking, no multi-hop connectivity functionality component can be directly operated on commercially off-the-shelf devices, and from the programming viewpoint, an easily reusable development framework is lacking for developers with minimal knowledge of the underlying communication technologies and connectivity. Considering these two issues, this paper makes a twofold contribution. First, a multi-hop mesh networking based on Bluetooth Low Energy（BLE） is implemented,in which a proactive routing mechanism with link-quality（i.e., received signal strength indication） assistance is designed. Second, a Pro Se development framework called BLE Mesh is designed and implemented, which can provide significant benefits for application developers, framework maintenance professionals, and end users. Rich application programming interfaces can help developers to build Pro Se apps easily and quickly. Dependency inversion principle and template method pattern allow modules in BLE Mesh to be loosely coupled and easy to maintain and update. Callback mechanism enables modules to work smoothly together and automation processes such as registration, node discovery, and messaging are employed to offer nearly zero-configuration for end users.Finally, based on the designed Pro Se development kit, a public safety communications app called Quote Send App is built to distribute emergency information in close area without Internet access. The process illustrates the easy usability of BLE Mesh to develop Pro Se apps.

Ubiquitous information service networks and technology based on the convergence of communications, computing and control

The rapid development of the IoT(Internet of Things)is bringing about a functional change of communication networks from“information transmission”to“information service”.First,the conception and characteristics of the IoT are in-troduced,i.e.,an Internet of humans,machines,and things meant to achieve smart information services.Then,the technology requirements for realizing ubiquitous and smart information services are described.The corresponding key technologies are also discussed,including the integration of communications,computing and control technology(3C),heterogeneous network fusion theory and technology,intelligent sensor technology and short-distance networking theory,large-scale network transmission theory and technology,the network virtualization and intelligent computing technology geared toward information service,and the collaborative network system and service model geared to the application of the IoT.Finally,the development trends of in-formation technologies and information networks in the next five to ten years are analyzed,and give some suggestions for main research areas to be explored and key issues to be resolved.

Decoding early myelopoiesis from dynamics of core endogenous network

A decade ago mainstream molecular biologists regarded it impossible or biologically ill-motivated to understand the dynamics of complex biological phenomena, such as cancer genesis and progression, from a network perspective. Indeed, there are numerical difficulties even for those who were determined to explore along this direction. Undeterred, seven years ago a group of Chinese scientists started a program aiming to obtain quantitative connections between tumors and network dynamics. Many interesting results have been obtained. In this paper we wish to test such idea from a different angle: the connection between a normal biological process and the network dynamics. We have taken early myelopoiesis as our biological model. A standard roadmap for the cell-fate diversification during hematopoiesis has already been well established experimentally, yet little was known for its underpinning dynamical mechanisms. Compounding this difficulty there were additional experimental challenges, such as the seemingly conflicting hematopoietic roadmaps and the cell-fate inter-conversion events. With early myeloid cell-fate determination in mind, we constructed a core molecular endogenous network from well-documented gene regulation and signal transduction knowledge. Turning the network into a set of dynamical equations, we found computationally several structurally robust states. Those states nicely correspond to known cell phenotypes. We also found the states connecting those stable states.They reveal the developmental routes—how one stable state would most likely turn into another stable state. Such interconnected network among stable states enabled a natural organization of cell-fates into a multi-stable state landscape. Accordingly, both the myeloid cell phenotypes and the standard roadmap were explained mechanistically in a straightforward manner. Furthermore,recent challenging observations were also explained naturally. Moreover, the landscape visually enables a prediction of a pool of additional cell states and developmental routes, including the non-sequential and cross-branch transitions, which are testable by future experiments. In summary, the endogenous network dynamics provide an integrated quantitative framework to understand the heterogeneity and lineage commitment in myeloid progenitors.