Objective: Epidural steroid injections (ESI) are used extensively to treat radicular back pain. This study is designed to evaluate the types and dosages of steroids commonly used and understand prescribing habits of t...Objective: Epidural steroid injections (ESI) are used extensively to treat radicular back pain. This study is designed to evaluate the types and dosages of steroids commonly used and understand prescribing habits of the Texas Pain Society pain management physicians. Method: From April to May 2014, we sent all 270 Texas Pain Society members a questionnaire to complete online. We collected 45 responses. Result: Type of steroid commonly used in injectate: Eighteen (41.9%) phy-sicians reported using methylprednisolone most. Fifteen (34.9%) physicians use triamcinolone, 9 (20.9%) physicians use dexamethasone, 1 (2.3%) uses betamethasone, and 2 skipped this question. Important factors influencing the type of steroid use in injectate: Half of the physicians reported that the location of the ESI was most important (19 responses, 48.7%). Ten (25.6%) reported that the approach of the ESI was most important. Another ten (25.6%) agreed that the potency of the steroid was most important. Dosage of steroid used in injectate: About half of the physicians use a fixed dose of steroid (22, 51.2%) while 21 (48.8%) use a variable dose of steroid. Of those who use a fixed dose of steroid, many use methylprednisolone 80 mg (9, 39.1%). Of those who use a variable dosage of steroid, the most important factor in their determination of the dosage is the patient’s comorbidities (20 responses, 58.8%). The use of depo-steroid in injectate: Thirty-two out of 43 (74.4%) use depo-steroid while 11 out of 43 (25.6%) wouldn’t use depo-steroid. Of those who use depo-steroid, the duration and availability in the epidural space is the most common reason for its use (23, 76.7%). Conclusion: By using a simple questionnaire detailing what types and dosages of steroids are used, compiling a list of best practices can help Texas Pain Society physicians tremendously in the treatment of radicular back pain.展开更多
<strong>Purpose:</strong> The timing, schedule, and doses of dexamethasone administration to control edema are a topic of debate. This prospective observational study was performed to evaluate the effects ...<strong>Purpose:</strong> The timing, schedule, and doses of dexamethasone administration to control edema are a topic of debate. This prospective observational study was performed to evaluate the effects of perioperative and intraoperative administration of dexamethasone on the occurrence of edema in patients who underwent rhinoplasty. <strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted at Najran University Hospital, Najran University, Saudi Arabia, from June 2019 to August 2020. Seventy-five patients who underwent open rhinoplasty were assigned using a consecutive non-random sampling method into three groups, with 25 patients in each group. Group A patients received three doses of intravenous 8 mg dexamethasone perioperatively, and group B patients received a single dose of intravenous 8 mg dexamethasone intraoperatively. Group C patients received intravenous 2 mL of 0.9% normal saline solution intraoperatively and were considered as a control group. Digital photographs of patients were obtained and assessed on the 1<sup>st</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup>, and 14<sup>th</sup> days post-operatively. <strong>Results:</strong> The mean duration of operation was comparable between the studied groups (p = 0.368). On comparing the studied groups, significant differences in the edema scores were observed on the 1<sup>st</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> day post-operatively (p < 0.001 for both), but not on the 14<sup>th</sup> day (p = 0.079). When comparing each group against the postoperative day of evaluation, statistically significant differences were detected between the 1<sup>st</sup> vs. 7<sup>th</sup> day and 1<sup>st</sup> vs. 14<sup>th</sup> day in Group A, whereas, in the other groups, no significant difference was detected (all p > 0.05). No Dexamethasone-related complications were observed. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Dexamethasone significantly reduced periorbital swelling and edema after rhinoplasty compared to the control group. A short course of triple dose perioperative administration of dexamethasone is more potent in reducing edema from 1<sup>st</sup> to 7<sup>th</sup> day postoperative than a single dose intraoperatively.展开更多
目的 观察三路径激素联合应用治疗全聋型突发性聋的疗效。方法 选择2020年1月至2022年12月全聋型突发性聋患者96例,随机分为观察组与对照组,对照组予地塞米松静脉滴注及常规治疗。观察组在此基础上加用鼓室和耳后地塞米松注射,共治疗10 ...目的 观察三路径激素联合应用治疗全聋型突发性聋的疗效。方法 选择2020年1月至2022年12月全聋型突发性聋患者96例,随机分为观察组与对照组,对照组予地塞米松静脉滴注及常规治疗。观察组在此基础上加用鼓室和耳后地塞米松注射,共治疗10 d。结果 对照组患者听力改善22例,有效率45.83%,观察组改善30例,有效率62.50%。治疗前对照组与观察组纯音听阈均值分别为(95.3±13.2)d B HL和(96.1±13.1)d B HL,治疗后分别为(63.2±17.1)d B HL和(52.8±16.8)d B HL,观察组治疗效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组耳鸣、眩晕、耳闷等症状改善率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 早期三路径激素治疗全聋型突发性聋可有效提高听力恢复,值得临床推广。展开更多
The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has resulted in a significant number of individuals developing pulmonary fibrosis(PF),an irreversible lung injury.This condition can manifest within...The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has resulted in a significant number of individuals developing pulmonary fibrosis(PF),an irreversible lung injury.This condition can manifest within a short inter-val following the onset of pneumonia symptoms,sometimes even within a few days.While lung transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure,its limited availability,high costs,intricate surgeries,and risk of immunological rejection present significant drawbacks.The optimal timing of medication administration for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)-induced PF remains controversial.Despite this,it is crucial to explore pharmacotherapy interventions,involving early and preventative treatment as well as pharmacotherapy options for advanced-stage PF.Additionally,studies have demonstrated disparities in anti-fibrotic treatment based on race and gender factors.Genetic mutations may also impact therapeutic efficacy.Enhancing research efforts on pharmacotherapy interventions,while considering relevant pharmacological factors and optimizing the timing and dosage of medication administration,will lead to enhanced,personalized,and fair treatment for individuals impacted by COVID-19-related PF.These measures are crucial in lessening the burden of the disease on healthcare systems and improving patients'quality of life.展开更多
Abstract Objective To elucidate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone and methotrexate on pulmonary Th2 reaction and eosinophil infiltration in ovalbumin sensitized mice, and search for the pos...Abstract Objective To elucidate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone and methotrexate on pulmonary Th2 reaction and eosinophil infiltration in ovalbumin sensitized mice, and search for the possibility of aerosol administration of other anti inflammatory drugs in the management of asthma except for glucocorticoids. Methods Sixty C57b1/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin, aerosol dexamethasone and methotrexate were administered after challenge. Mice lung were fixed in paraformaldehyde and IL 4, IL 5 expression was detected by immunocytochemistry—in situ hybridization. Lung slides were also stained with eosin and hematoxylin, and pathological changes were observed. Results Ovalbumin aerosol inhalation caused a mixed inflammatory infiltration dominated by CD4+ T lymphocytes and eosinophils in the lung of sensitized mice. 85.2% 88.2% and 81.4% 91.8% of the CD4+ T lymphocytes were IL 4 mRNA+ or IL 5 mRNA+ respectively, and few CD8+ T lymphocytes were IL 4 or IL 5 positive (<2%). 78.8% 80.8% of IL 4 mRNA+ cells and 78.0% 86.8% of IL 5 mRNA+ cells were CD4+ T lymphocytes. Aerosol administration Department of Respiratory Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China (Cui XL, Zhu YJ, Guo ZJ, Xu WB and Chen Y) of dexamethasone and methotrexate after challenge inhibited IL 4 and IL 5 expression, and lung eosinophil infiltration were attenuated. And dexamethasone was more effective. These two drugs had no effect on the ratio of IL 4 or IL 5 expression of CD4+ T lymphocytes, and the percentages of CD4+ T lymphocytes of the IL 4 mRNA+ or IL 5 mRNA+ cells were not affected. The anti inflammatory effect was non specific. In addition, aerosol administration of dexamethasone enhanced IL 4 expression and methotrexate promoted eosinophil infiltration 12 h after challenge. Conclusion Aerosol administration of dexamethasone and methotrexate attenuated pulmonary Th2 reaction in ovalbumin sensitized mice. Aerosol administration of drug exerts its effect at the site of inflammation, which is more effective with less side effects. But at the beginning, aerosol administration might promote inflammation. In this way, oral or intravenous injection of glucocorticoids should be given to moderate to severe asthmatic patients, and aerosol gulcocorticoids should be adminstered after the disease was under control. Methotrexate was less effective than dexamethasone but more irritative, and should not be given by inhalation, Intravenous injection of methotrexate should be administrated to asthmatic patients who respond poorly to glucocorticoids as an auxiliary therapeutic measure.展开更多
目的比较地塞米松不同给药方式对妇科腔镜手术中腹横肌平面阻滞(TAP)的镇痛效果。方法选择2020年4月至2022年3月该院收治的择期行腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为神经阻滞组(P组)、静脉注射组(IV组)和对照...目的比较地塞米松不同给药方式对妇科腔镜手术中腹横肌平面阻滞(TAP)的镇痛效果。方法选择2020年4月至2022年3月该院收治的择期行腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为神经阻滞组(P组)、静脉注射组(IV组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。3组均于B超引导下行TAP,P组地塞米松经神经阻滞给药,IV组地塞米松经静脉给药,C组不予地塞米松治疗。对比3组围术期相关指标、术后疼痛程度[术后6、12、24 h视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分]及不良反应发生情况。结果P组、IV组患者术中舒芬太尼用量均较C组少,术后首次要求镇痛时间均较C组短,且IV组术后首次要求镇痛时间较P组短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);IV组患者术后6、12、24 h VAS评分均较P组、C组低,且P组患者各时间点VAS评分均较C组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);P组、IV组患者不良反应发生率均较C组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论地塞米松静脉给药有利于延长妇科腔镜手术中TAP镇痛效果,降低术后疼痛程度,减少镇痛药物使用剂量,且可降低不良反应发生率。展开更多
目的系统评价携带细胞色素P450家族3亚家族A成员5(CYP3A5)*1对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和血药浓度/给药剂量(C/D)值的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of Science、ProQuest、中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务...目的系统评价携带细胞色素P450家族3亚家族A成员5(CYP3A5)*1对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和血药浓度/给药剂量(C/D)值的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of Science、ProQuest、中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台,纳入携带CYP3A5*1(CYP3A5*1/*1或CYP3A5*1/*3)对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度、C/D值影响的文献。评价文献质量及提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献进行Meta分析。Meta分析结果显示,在移植后第1、2、3、6、12个月时,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者的他克莫司给药剂量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中携带者的他克莫司给药剂量更大;在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、6个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司血药浓度低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05);在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司C/D值低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05)。结论在移植患儿中,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者移植后的他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和C/D值存在明显差异,其中CYP3A5*1携带者所需的他克莫司剂量更大。在给药前进行CYP3A基因多态性检测有助于预测个体所需剂量。展开更多
文摘Objective: Epidural steroid injections (ESI) are used extensively to treat radicular back pain. This study is designed to evaluate the types and dosages of steroids commonly used and understand prescribing habits of the Texas Pain Society pain management physicians. Method: From April to May 2014, we sent all 270 Texas Pain Society members a questionnaire to complete online. We collected 45 responses. Result: Type of steroid commonly used in injectate: Eighteen (41.9%) phy-sicians reported using methylprednisolone most. Fifteen (34.9%) physicians use triamcinolone, 9 (20.9%) physicians use dexamethasone, 1 (2.3%) uses betamethasone, and 2 skipped this question. Important factors influencing the type of steroid use in injectate: Half of the physicians reported that the location of the ESI was most important (19 responses, 48.7%). Ten (25.6%) reported that the approach of the ESI was most important. Another ten (25.6%) agreed that the potency of the steroid was most important. Dosage of steroid used in injectate: About half of the physicians use a fixed dose of steroid (22, 51.2%) while 21 (48.8%) use a variable dose of steroid. Of those who use a fixed dose of steroid, many use methylprednisolone 80 mg (9, 39.1%). Of those who use a variable dosage of steroid, the most important factor in their determination of the dosage is the patient’s comorbidities (20 responses, 58.8%). The use of depo-steroid in injectate: Thirty-two out of 43 (74.4%) use depo-steroid while 11 out of 43 (25.6%) wouldn’t use depo-steroid. Of those who use depo-steroid, the duration and availability in the epidural space is the most common reason for its use (23, 76.7%). Conclusion: By using a simple questionnaire detailing what types and dosages of steroids are used, compiling a list of best practices can help Texas Pain Society physicians tremendously in the treatment of radicular back pain.
文摘<strong>Purpose:</strong> The timing, schedule, and doses of dexamethasone administration to control edema are a topic of debate. This prospective observational study was performed to evaluate the effects of perioperative and intraoperative administration of dexamethasone on the occurrence of edema in patients who underwent rhinoplasty. <strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted at Najran University Hospital, Najran University, Saudi Arabia, from June 2019 to August 2020. Seventy-five patients who underwent open rhinoplasty were assigned using a consecutive non-random sampling method into three groups, with 25 patients in each group. Group A patients received three doses of intravenous 8 mg dexamethasone perioperatively, and group B patients received a single dose of intravenous 8 mg dexamethasone intraoperatively. Group C patients received intravenous 2 mL of 0.9% normal saline solution intraoperatively and were considered as a control group. Digital photographs of patients were obtained and assessed on the 1<sup>st</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup>, and 14<sup>th</sup> days post-operatively. <strong>Results:</strong> The mean duration of operation was comparable between the studied groups (p = 0.368). On comparing the studied groups, significant differences in the edema scores were observed on the 1<sup>st</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> day post-operatively (p < 0.001 for both), but not on the 14<sup>th</sup> day (p = 0.079). When comparing each group against the postoperative day of evaluation, statistically significant differences were detected between the 1<sup>st</sup> vs. 7<sup>th</sup> day and 1<sup>st</sup> vs. 14<sup>th</sup> day in Group A, whereas, in the other groups, no significant difference was detected (all p > 0.05). No Dexamethasone-related complications were observed. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Dexamethasone significantly reduced periorbital swelling and edema after rhinoplasty compared to the control group. A short course of triple dose perioperative administration of dexamethasone is more potent in reducing edema from 1<sup>st</sup> to 7<sup>th</sup> day postoperative than a single dose intraoperatively.
文摘目的 观察三路径激素联合应用治疗全聋型突发性聋的疗效。方法 选择2020年1月至2022年12月全聋型突发性聋患者96例,随机分为观察组与对照组,对照组予地塞米松静脉滴注及常规治疗。观察组在此基础上加用鼓室和耳后地塞米松注射,共治疗10 d。结果 对照组患者听力改善22例,有效率45.83%,观察组改善30例,有效率62.50%。治疗前对照组与观察组纯音听阈均值分别为(95.3±13.2)d B HL和(96.1±13.1)d B HL,治疗后分别为(63.2±17.1)d B HL和(52.8±16.8)d B HL,观察组治疗效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组耳鸣、眩晕、耳闷等症状改善率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 早期三路径激素治疗全聋型突发性聋可有效提高听力恢复,值得临床推广。
基金Supported by the Project of Special Funds for Science and Technology Cooperation in Guizhou Provinces and Zunyi City,No.Shengshikehe(2015)53.
文摘The global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has resulted in a significant number of individuals developing pulmonary fibrosis(PF),an irreversible lung injury.This condition can manifest within a short inter-val following the onset of pneumonia symptoms,sometimes even within a few days.While lung transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure,its limited availability,high costs,intricate surgeries,and risk of immunological rejection present significant drawbacks.The optimal timing of medication administration for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)-induced PF remains controversial.Despite this,it is crucial to explore pharmacotherapy interventions,involving early and preventative treatment as well as pharmacotherapy options for advanced-stage PF.Additionally,studies have demonstrated disparities in anti-fibrotic treatment based on race and gender factors.Genetic mutations may also impact therapeutic efficacy.Enhancing research efforts on pharmacotherapy interventions,while considering relevant pharmacological factors and optimizing the timing and dosage of medication administration,will lead to enhanced,personalized,and fair treatment for individuals impacted by COVID-19-related PF.These measures are crucial in lessening the burden of the disease on healthcare systems and improving patients'quality of life.
文摘Abstract Objective To elucidate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone and methotrexate on pulmonary Th2 reaction and eosinophil infiltration in ovalbumin sensitized mice, and search for the possibility of aerosol administration of other anti inflammatory drugs in the management of asthma except for glucocorticoids. Methods Sixty C57b1/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin, aerosol dexamethasone and methotrexate were administered after challenge. Mice lung were fixed in paraformaldehyde and IL 4, IL 5 expression was detected by immunocytochemistry—in situ hybridization. Lung slides were also stained with eosin and hematoxylin, and pathological changes were observed. Results Ovalbumin aerosol inhalation caused a mixed inflammatory infiltration dominated by CD4+ T lymphocytes and eosinophils in the lung of sensitized mice. 85.2% 88.2% and 81.4% 91.8% of the CD4+ T lymphocytes were IL 4 mRNA+ or IL 5 mRNA+ respectively, and few CD8+ T lymphocytes were IL 4 or IL 5 positive (<2%). 78.8% 80.8% of IL 4 mRNA+ cells and 78.0% 86.8% of IL 5 mRNA+ cells were CD4+ T lymphocytes. Aerosol administration Department of Respiratory Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China (Cui XL, Zhu YJ, Guo ZJ, Xu WB and Chen Y) of dexamethasone and methotrexate after challenge inhibited IL 4 and IL 5 expression, and lung eosinophil infiltration were attenuated. And dexamethasone was more effective. These two drugs had no effect on the ratio of IL 4 or IL 5 expression of CD4+ T lymphocytes, and the percentages of CD4+ T lymphocytes of the IL 4 mRNA+ or IL 5 mRNA+ cells were not affected. The anti inflammatory effect was non specific. In addition, aerosol administration of dexamethasone enhanced IL 4 expression and methotrexate promoted eosinophil infiltration 12 h after challenge. Conclusion Aerosol administration of dexamethasone and methotrexate attenuated pulmonary Th2 reaction in ovalbumin sensitized mice. Aerosol administration of drug exerts its effect at the site of inflammation, which is more effective with less side effects. But at the beginning, aerosol administration might promote inflammation. In this way, oral or intravenous injection of glucocorticoids should be given to moderate to severe asthmatic patients, and aerosol gulcocorticoids should be adminstered after the disease was under control. Methotrexate was less effective than dexamethasone but more irritative, and should not be given by inhalation, Intravenous injection of methotrexate should be administrated to asthmatic patients who respond poorly to glucocorticoids as an auxiliary therapeutic measure.
文摘目的比较地塞米松不同给药方式对妇科腔镜手术中腹横肌平面阻滞(TAP)的镇痛效果。方法选择2020年4月至2022年3月该院收治的择期行腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术患者90例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为神经阻滞组(P组)、静脉注射组(IV组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。3组均于B超引导下行TAP,P组地塞米松经神经阻滞给药,IV组地塞米松经静脉给药,C组不予地塞米松治疗。对比3组围术期相关指标、术后疼痛程度[术后6、12、24 h视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分]及不良反应发生情况。结果P组、IV组患者术中舒芬太尼用量均较C组少,术后首次要求镇痛时间均较C组短,且IV组术后首次要求镇痛时间较P组短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);IV组患者术后6、12、24 h VAS评分均较P组、C组低,且P组患者各时间点VAS评分均较C组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);P组、IV组患者不良反应发生率均较C组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论地塞米松静脉给药有利于延长妇科腔镜手术中TAP镇痛效果,降低术后疼痛程度,减少镇痛药物使用剂量,且可降低不良反应发生率。
文摘目的系统评价携带细胞色素P450家族3亚家族A成员5(CYP3A5)*1对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和血药浓度/给药剂量(C/D)值的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Scopus、ISI Web of Science、ProQuest、中国知网、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台、万方数据知识服务平台,纳入携带CYP3A5*1(CYP3A5*1/*1或CYP3A5*1/*3)对移植患儿他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度、C/D值影响的文献。评价文献质量及提取资料后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入13篇文献进行Meta分析。Meta分析结果显示,在移植后第1、2、3、6、12个月时,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者的他克莫司给药剂量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中携带者的他克莫司给药剂量更大;在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、6个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司血药浓度低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05);在移植后第1、2周和第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12个月,CYP3A5*1携带者的他克莫司C/D值低于CYP3A5*1非携带者(P<0.05)。结论在移植患儿中,CYP3A5*1携带者和非携带者移植后的他克莫司给药剂量、血药浓度和C/D值存在明显差异,其中CYP3A5*1携带者所需的他克莫司剂量更大。在给药前进行CYP3A基因多态性检测有助于预测个体所需剂量。