The world’s production of cocoa highly has grown since 1960.In West Africa,the production reached about 3,000,000 tons in 2012.More than 50%of the world’s production of cocoa comes nowadays from Côte d’Ivoire ...The world’s production of cocoa highly has grown since 1960.In West Africa,the production reached about 3,000,000 tons in 2012.More than 50%of the world’s production of cocoa comes nowadays from Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire is the biggest producer.After harvesting,the empty shells,considered as non-useful wastes,are abandoned in the fields where they become a source of pollution.That yields millions of tons of biomass that can be converted into charcoal,instead of being sources of pollution.In the present work,the drying kinetics of the empty wet shells were studied.Then,charcoal production by pyrolysis of those empty shells of cocoa pods was performed,using a carbonisation stove fitted with a chimney.The study showed that the empty shells have a high moisture content.The different phases of the drying were observed.The study compared the drying rates and the diffusion coefficients of a small sample and a big sample.Two experiences of carbonisation of the empty shells were successfully carried out.For the first experiment,the pyrolysis temperatures were recorded and the charcoal mass efficiency calculated.For the second experiment,the temperatures were higher and the result was colored charcoals.The colorations disappeared after some hours.展开更多
针对矿渣立磨生产过程中热风炉煤气流量调节的人工依赖性强、磨机出口温度控制精度低以及生产效率低下等问题,该文建立了一个串级控制系统。该控制系统中有两个控制器温度控制器和流量控制器,其中温度控制器的输出值被设定为流量控制器...针对矿渣立磨生产过程中热风炉煤气流量调节的人工依赖性强、磨机出口温度控制精度低以及生产效率低下等问题,该文建立了一个串级控制系统。该控制系统中有两个控制器温度控制器和流量控制器,其中温度控制器的输出值被设定为流量控制器的目标设定值,而流量控制器根据设定值调整煤气流量,从而实现对煤气流量的精确控制。通过该控制系统的建立,出口温度的波动被有效控制在±1℃的范围内,高炉煤气的消耗减少了3 m 3/t,显著提升了矿渣立磨生产的效率和稳定性,有效取代了传统的人工操作方式,对于推动矿渣立磨生产的技术进步和效率提升具有重要意义。展开更多
基金ASCAD(l’Académie des Sciences,des Cultures,des Arts d’Afrique et de ses Diasporas)for its support to his renewable energy program。
文摘The world’s production of cocoa highly has grown since 1960.In West Africa,the production reached about 3,000,000 tons in 2012.More than 50%of the world’s production of cocoa comes nowadays from Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire is the biggest producer.After harvesting,the empty shells,considered as non-useful wastes,are abandoned in the fields where they become a source of pollution.That yields millions of tons of biomass that can be converted into charcoal,instead of being sources of pollution.In the present work,the drying kinetics of the empty wet shells were studied.Then,charcoal production by pyrolysis of those empty shells of cocoa pods was performed,using a carbonisation stove fitted with a chimney.The study showed that the empty shells have a high moisture content.The different phases of the drying were observed.The study compared the drying rates and the diffusion coefficients of a small sample and a big sample.Two experiences of carbonisation of the empty shells were successfully carried out.For the first experiment,the pyrolysis temperatures were recorded and the charcoal mass efficiency calculated.For the second experiment,the temperatures were higher and the result was colored charcoals.The colorations disappeared after some hours.
文摘针对矿渣立磨生产过程中热风炉煤气流量调节的人工依赖性强、磨机出口温度控制精度低以及生产效率低下等问题,该文建立了一个串级控制系统。该控制系统中有两个控制器温度控制器和流量控制器,其中温度控制器的输出值被设定为流量控制器的目标设定值,而流量控制器根据设定值调整煤气流量,从而实现对煤气流量的精确控制。通过该控制系统的建立,出口温度的波动被有效控制在±1℃的范围内,高炉煤气的消耗减少了3 m 3/t,显著提升了矿渣立磨生产的效率和稳定性,有效取代了传统的人工操作方式,对于推动矿渣立磨生产的技术进步和效率提升具有重要意义。
