A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.As a contributing factor,microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in...A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.As a contributing factor,microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota’s diverse microorganisms,and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems.Here,we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases,with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome.The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated.Finally,we discuss the role of diet,prebiotics,probiotics,postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
Heart failure(HF)is characterized by high symptom burden including,but not limited to fatigue,dyspnea,and edema.Up to 21.5%of HF patients experience significant depressive symptoms,much higher than 7.1%in adults witho...Heart failure(HF)is characterized by high symptom burden including,but not limited to fatigue,dyspnea,and edema.Up to 21.5%of HF patients experience significant depressive symptoms,much higher than 7.1%in adults without HF.Diet,metabolites,and other inflammatory mechanisms have gained notable attention in recent studies for contributions to symptoms in HF.Symptoms for black adults(B/As)with HF are often influenced by lifestyle factors,which may influence their higher mortality rates;few studies address these factors.Distinguishing the links between key elements with diet,inflammation,and symptoms may bring clarity for new dietary strategies in HF clinical care.The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the existing literature regarding relationships among physiologic pathways in HF along with physical and emotional symptoms in the context of inflammation,dietary intake,tumor necrosis factor‑alpha(TNF‑a),a biomarker of inflammation,and trimethylamine‑N‑Oxide(TMAO).Based on available evidence,inflammation may be a key link between physical symptoms,diet,depression,TMAO,and TNF‑a in persons with HF and warrants further examination to clarify pathological links to solidify evidence for better guidance with dietary modifications.The literature reviewed in this study demonstrates that more work is needed to examine dietary planning,social support,and differences between men and women in the B/A community.Results of this literature review call attention to the essential,personalized care needs related to symptom monitoring and dietary planning which is expected to decrease symptom burden in the HF population.展开更多
Objective: The goal of this study was to identify commonly consumed grain food patterns in US adults (≥19 years old;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nut...Objective: The goal of this study was to identify commonly consumed grain food patterns in US adults (≥19 years old;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, diet quality, and health parameters of those consuming various grain food patterns to those not consuming grains. Methods: This study conducted secondary analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010. Cluster analysis was used and identified 8 grain patterns: 1) no consumption of main grain groups, 2) crackers and salty snacks, 3) yeast breads and rolls, 4) cakes, cookies, and pies, 5) cereals, 6) pasta, cooked cereals and rice, 7) quick breads, and 8) mixed grains. Results: Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” had a better diet quality compared to no grains. Consuming many, but not all, of the grain food patterns resulted in less saturated fat and lower added sugars. Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” and “quick breads” had greater dietary fiber intake vs. no grains group. Calcium intake was increased in the cereals group, while magnesium intake was greater in adults consuming “cereals” and “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” vs. no grains. Vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake was higher in adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” vs. no grain group. Adults consuming “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” had lower body weights (79.1 ± 0.7 vs. 82.5 ± 1.2 kg;P = 0.009) and waist circumference (95.2 ± 0.6 vs. 98.2 ± 1.0 cm;P = 0.004) in comparison to those consuming no grains. Conclusions: Certain grain food patterns are associated with greater 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, better diet quality and lower body weights in adults. Additionally, certain grain food patterns are associated with lower intake of nutrients to limit, including saturated fat and added sugars.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional stat...<strong>Background:</strong> Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional status of women of childbearing age in various geographical settings in Cameroon so as to propose intervention strategies. <strong>Methods:</strong> In a cross sectional study conducted from January 2014 to August 2015, women aged 14 - 49 years were randomly selected from the capital city Yaounde and four regions of Cameroon. Anthropometric measures were collected for nutritional status assessment. Data on diet habits and socio-demographic parameters were collected. <strong>Results:</strong> 608 women of reproductive age with average age 34.68 ± 0.39 years made up the study. Dietary patterns assessment revealed that, most study participants had a frequent intake of carbohydrate rich foods and fats and oils rich foods;but an infrequent intake of protein rich foods and vitamin and minerals rich foods in a week. Nutritional status assessment revealed that, 2.1% were underweight, 28.6% had a normal weight, 30.8% overweight, and 38.5% obese. The grass field regions presented the highest prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity. Higher malnutrition levels were linked to low intakes of pulses and beans;milk and dairy products;vegetables and fruits food groups. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Women of the study population had an unhealthy dietary pattern and a poor nutritional status. Therefore, strategies such as nutritional education are warranted and should be age and region specific, so as to target specific groups of women and ensure adequate nutritional status and health.展开更多
目的:运用网状Meta分析评价7种不同饮食模式对妊娠期糖尿病血糖及妊娠结局的影响。方法:对中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普网(VIP)、SinoMed、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等中英文数据库进行系统检索,检索时间为建库...目的:运用网状Meta分析评价7种不同饮食模式对妊娠期糖尿病血糖及妊娠结局的影响。方法:对中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普网(VIP)、SinoMed、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等中英文数据库进行系统检索,检索时间为建库至2023年3月。由2名研究者独自进行文献的筛选与资料的提取,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具进行质量评价,运用Review Manager5.4.1、Stata15.1软件进行数据分析。结果:共纳入25项研究,从空腹血糖方面看,网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:低血糖指数饮食>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>终止高血糖饮食(DASH)>低血糖负荷饮食>低碳水化合物饮食>低碳水化合物饮食联合DASH>常规饮食;从餐后2h血糖方面看,网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:低血糖指数饮食>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>低血糖负荷饮食>低碳水化合物饮食>常规饮食;从胰岛素抵抗方面看,网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:DASH>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>低血糖指数饮食>常规饮食;从不良妊娠结局发生率方面看,网状Meta排序结果从优到劣依次为:低血糖指数饮食>DASH>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>低碳水化合物饮食>低血糖负荷饮食>常规饮食>低碳水化合物饮食联合DASH。结论:从空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、不良妊娠结局发生率方面来看,低血糖指数饮食可达到良好的效果,在7种方法中概率排名第一。胰岛素抵抗方面,DASH排名第一。但是,还需更多有质量的随机对照试验予以进一步验证。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.32002235(to MT)the Science and Technology Foundation of Taian of Shandong Province,No.2020NS216(to XL)。
文摘A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.As a contributing factor,microbiota dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.High-throughput sequencing technology has helped to reveal that the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system is facilitated by the microbiota’s diverse microorganisms,and for both neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems.Here,we summarize the bioinformatics analysis and wet-biology validation for the gut metagenomics in neurodegenerative diseases,with an emphasis on multi-omics studies and the gut virome.The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers for identifying brain disorders and potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated.Finally,we discuss the role of diet,prebiotics,probiotics,postbiotics and exercise interventions in remodeling the microbiome and reducing the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.
文摘Heart failure(HF)is characterized by high symptom burden including,but not limited to fatigue,dyspnea,and edema.Up to 21.5%of HF patients experience significant depressive symptoms,much higher than 7.1%in adults without HF.Diet,metabolites,and other inflammatory mechanisms have gained notable attention in recent studies for contributions to symptoms in HF.Symptoms for black adults(B/As)with HF are often influenced by lifestyle factors,which may influence their higher mortality rates;few studies address these factors.Distinguishing the links between key elements with diet,inflammation,and symptoms may bring clarity for new dietary strategies in HF clinical care.The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the existing literature regarding relationships among physiologic pathways in HF along with physical and emotional symptoms in the context of inflammation,dietary intake,tumor necrosis factor‑alpha(TNF‑a),a biomarker of inflammation,and trimethylamine‑N‑Oxide(TMAO).Based on available evidence,inflammation may be a key link between physical symptoms,diet,depression,TMAO,and TNF‑a in persons with HF and warrants further examination to clarify pathological links to solidify evidence for better guidance with dietary modifications.The literature reviewed in this study demonstrates that more work is needed to examine dietary planning,social support,and differences between men and women in the B/A community.Results of this literature review call attention to the essential,personalized care needs related to symptom monitoring and dietary planning which is expected to decrease symptom burden in the HF population.
文摘Objective: The goal of this study was to identify commonly consumed grain food patterns in US adults (≥19 years old;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, diet quality, and health parameters of those consuming various grain food patterns to those not consuming grains. Methods: This study conducted secondary analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010. Cluster analysis was used and identified 8 grain patterns: 1) no consumption of main grain groups, 2) crackers and salty snacks, 3) yeast breads and rolls, 4) cakes, cookies, and pies, 5) cereals, 6) pasta, cooked cereals and rice, 7) quick breads, and 8) mixed grains. Results: Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” had a better diet quality compared to no grains. Consuming many, but not all, of the grain food patterns resulted in less saturated fat and lower added sugars. Adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” and “quick breads” had greater dietary fiber intake vs. no grains group. Calcium intake was increased in the cereals group, while magnesium intake was greater in adults consuming “cereals” and “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” vs. no grains. Vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake was higher in adults consuming “cereals”, “pasta, cooked cereals and rice”, and “mixed grains” vs. no grain group. Adults consuming “pasta, cooked cereals and rice” had lower body weights (79.1 ± 0.7 vs. 82.5 ± 1.2 kg;P = 0.009) and waist circumference (95.2 ± 0.6 vs. 98.2 ± 1.0 cm;P = 0.004) in comparison to those consuming no grains. Conclusions: Certain grain food patterns are associated with greater 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines’ shortfall nutrients, better diet quality and lower body weights in adults. Additionally, certain grain food patterns are associated with lower intake of nutrients to limit, including saturated fat and added sugars.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional status of women of childbearing age in various geographical settings in Cameroon so as to propose intervention strategies. <strong>Methods:</strong> In a cross sectional study conducted from January 2014 to August 2015, women aged 14 - 49 years were randomly selected from the capital city Yaounde and four regions of Cameroon. Anthropometric measures were collected for nutritional status assessment. Data on diet habits and socio-demographic parameters were collected. <strong>Results:</strong> 608 women of reproductive age with average age 34.68 ± 0.39 years made up the study. Dietary patterns assessment revealed that, most study participants had a frequent intake of carbohydrate rich foods and fats and oils rich foods;but an infrequent intake of protein rich foods and vitamin and minerals rich foods in a week. Nutritional status assessment revealed that, 2.1% were underweight, 28.6% had a normal weight, 30.8% overweight, and 38.5% obese. The grass field regions presented the highest prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity. Higher malnutrition levels were linked to low intakes of pulses and beans;milk and dairy products;vegetables and fruits food groups. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Women of the study population had an unhealthy dietary pattern and a poor nutritional status. Therefore, strategies such as nutritional education are warranted and should be age and region specific, so as to target specific groups of women and ensure adequate nutritional status and health.
文摘目的:运用网状Meta分析评价7种不同饮食模式对妊娠期糖尿病血糖及妊娠结局的影响。方法:对中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普网(VIP)、SinoMed、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等中英文数据库进行系统检索,检索时间为建库至2023年3月。由2名研究者独自进行文献的筛选与资料的提取,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具进行质量评价,运用Review Manager5.4.1、Stata15.1软件进行数据分析。结果:共纳入25项研究,从空腹血糖方面看,网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:低血糖指数饮食>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>终止高血糖饮食(DASH)>低血糖负荷饮食>低碳水化合物饮食>低碳水化合物饮食联合DASH>常规饮食;从餐后2h血糖方面看,网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:低血糖指数饮食>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>低血糖负荷饮食>低碳水化合物饮食>常规饮食;从胰岛素抵抗方面看,网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:DASH>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>低血糖指数饮食>常规饮食;从不良妊娠结局发生率方面看,网状Meta排序结果从优到劣依次为:低血糖指数饮食>DASH>低血糖指数饮食联合常规饮食>低碳水化合物饮食>低血糖负荷饮食>常规饮食>低碳水化合物饮食联合DASH。结论:从空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、不良妊娠结局发生率方面来看,低血糖指数饮食可达到良好的效果,在7种方法中概率排名第一。胰岛素抵抗方面,DASH排名第一。但是,还需更多有质量的随机对照试验予以进一步验证。
