SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL MULTIFUNCTIONAL HOST COMPOUNDS.1.β-CYCLODEXTRIN DERIVATIVE BEARING DIETHANOLAMINE MOIETY

A novel β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)derivative bearing diethanolamine moiety was synthesized by a convenient method with 63% yield,and the new host compound was characterized by (13)~C-NMR,FT-IR spectra etc,

Thermal degradation of diethanolamine at stripper condition for CO2 capture: Product types and reaction mechanisms

Amine-based absorption/stripping is one of the promising technology for CO2 capture from natural and industrial gas streams.During the process,amines and CO2 undergo irreversible reactions to produce undesired compounds,which cause corrosion,foaming,increased viscosity and breakdown of equipment,ultimately contributing to the economic loss and environmental pollution.In this study,the thermal degradation of aqueous diethanolamine in the presence and absence of dissolved CO2 was investigated.The experiments were performed in stainless steel cylinders.The results show that thermal degradation in the absence of CO2 was a slow process;triethanolamine,and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine were only the degradation products identified in the mixture In addition,the rate of degradation was very low,only 3%degradation was observed after 4 weeks.But in the presence of CO2,sixteen degradation products were identified,nine of which were new degradation products reported for the first time in this study.The 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-oxazolidinone,1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine and triethanolamine were the most abundant degradation products.The remaining DEA concentration after 4 weeks was about 20%of the total amine concentration.The most probable degradation reactions and their mechanisms are also proposed.

Boosted Biodegradability and Tribological Properties of Mineral Base Oil by Methyl Diethanolamine Fatty Acid Esters

Methyl diethanolamine fatty acid esters, viz. methyl diethanolamine octanoate and methyl diethanolamine oleate,were prepared. Their impacts on the biodegradability and tribological properties of mineral base oil 400 SN were evaluated by a tester for fast evaluating the biodegradability of lubricants and by a four-ball tester, respectively. The results showed that methyl diethanolamine octanoate and methyl diethanolamine oleate both could markedly promote the biodegradation of the oil and improved its tribological properties. The improvement of biodegradability was attributed to the enhanced growth and quantity of microbes by methyl diethanolamine fatty acid esters. The worn surfaces were analyzed by a scanning electron microscope(SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope(XPS). The results indicated that the enhancement of friction-reducing and anti-wear properties of the mineral oil was attributed to the formation of complicated boundary lubrication films composed of species such as Fe_2O_3, Fe_3O_4 and organic nitrogen-containing compounds with a structure of –C-N-or R-NH_2.

Comprehensive evaluation and sensitivity analysis of regeneration energy for acid gas removal plant using single and activated-methyl diethanolamine solvents

The absorption of acid gas using reactive amines is among the most widely used types of capturing technologies.However,the absorption process requires intensive energy expenditure majorly in the solvent regeneration process.This study simultaneously evaluated the regeneration energy of MDEA and PZ/MDEA solvents in terms of heat of absorption,sensible heat,and vaporization heat.Aspen Hysys version 8.8 simulation tool is applied to model the full acid gas removal plant for the chemical absorption process.The new energy balance technique presents around the absorption and desorption columns to bring a new perspective of energy distribution in the capturing of acid gas plants.Sensitivity analysis of regeneration energy and its three contributors is performed at several operation parameters such as absorber and stripper pressures,lean amine circulation rate,solvent concentration,reflux ratio,and CO2 and H2 S concentrations.The results show that the heat of absorption of PZ/MDEA system is higher than that for MDEA system for the same operating conditions.The sensible heat is the main contributor in the required regeneration energy of MDEA solvent system.The simulation results have been validated against data taken from real plant and literature.The product specifications of our simulation corroborate with real plant data in an excellent approach;additionally,the profile temperature of the absorber and the stripper columns are in good agreement with literature.The overall results highlight the direction of the effects of each parameter on the heat of absorption,sensible heat,and vaporization heat.

Modeling the rate of corrosion of carbon steel using activated diethanolamine solutions for CO2 absorption

A mechanistic model is developed to investigate the influence of an activator on the corrosion rate of carbon steel in the absorption processes of carbon dioxide(CO2).Piperazine(PZ)is used as the activator in diethanolamine(DEA)aqueous solutions.The developed model for corrosion takes into consideration the effect of fluid flow,transfer of charge and diffusion of oxidizing agents and operating parameters like temperature,activator concentration,CO2 loading and pH.The study consists of two major models:Vapor–liquid Equilibrium(VLE)model and electrochemical corrosion model.The electrolyte-NRTL equilibrium model was used for determination of concentration of chemical species in the bulk solution.The results of speciation were subsequently used for producing polarization curves and predicting the rate of corrosion occurring at the surface of metal.An increase in concentration of activator,increases the rate of corrosion of carbon steel in mixtures of activated DEA.

Sensitivity analysis of using diethanolamine instead of methyldiethanolamine solution for GASCO’S Habshan acid gases removal plant

Sweeting natural gas processes are mainly focused on removing carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The high-energy requirements and opera-tional limitations make amine absorption process sensitive to any change in conditions. This paper presented a steady- state simulation using Hysys to reasonably predict removal amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from natural gas with the diethanolamine (DEA) solvent. The product specifications are taken from the real plant (GASCO5S Habshan) which uses the methyldiethanola-mine (MDEA) solvent, while this simulation uses DEA under the same operation conditions. First, the simulation validation has been checked with the data of the real plant. The results show accurate prediction for CO2 slippage and accepted agreement for H2S content compared with the data of the plant. A parametric analysis has been performed to test all possible parameters that affect the performance of the acid gases removal plant. The effects of operational parameters are examined in terms of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide contents in clean gas and reboiler duty.

化妆品中乙醇胺类的GC-MS分析

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of monoethanolamine,diethanolamine,triethanolamine in cosmetics.The detected materials were extracted with ethanol by ultrasonic, then were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MSD.The relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.76%-3.43%,and recoveries were 85.8%-106.0%. The limit of detection was 0.05%.

Hyperbranched Poly(amide-ester) Mildly Synthesized and Its Characterization

AB2-type-prepolymerized monomer was rapidly （2 h） prepared at room temperature （25 ℃） using commercially available maleic anhydride （MA） and diethanolamine （DEA） as raw materials. By employing toluene-p-sulfonic acid as a catalyzer, a series of hyperbranched poly（amide-ester） （HBPAE） were successfully synthesized from prepared AB2 monomer by solution condensation polymerization through ＂one-step process＂ or ＂pseudo one-step process＂ （using pentaerythritol as a center core）. The processes were carried out at high temperature of 120 ℃ for 6 h in air atmosphere （inert protection free） with reduced pressure distillation （0.08--0.096 MPa）. The results of FT-IR, UV-Vis, TGA, and intrinsic viscosity testing by Ubbelodhe viscometer showed that the prepared HBPAEs possess three-dimensional configuration with unsaturated conjugate structure, large numbers of branches and numerous terminal hydroxyl groups. These result in their low viscosity, high solubility and thermal stability.

Effects of Nitrogen-Containing Biodegradation Enhancers on Sorption of n-Hexadecane in Soil-Water System

Effects of nitrogen-containing biodegradation enhancers(methyl diethanolamine oleate(MDEAO) and oleic diethanolamide(ODEA)) on the adsorption of n-hexadecane in soil were studied by laboratory batch experiments. The partition coefficients(K_d values) of n-hexadecane sorption in soil-water system and those partition coefficients normalized to organic matter(K_(oc) values) were both determined. The adsorption isotherm curve of n-hexadecane in soil-water system was plotted. The measured results demonstrated that K_(oc) values changed in the soil-water system with different enhancers but are relatively invariant for the soil at the same site. The K_d values rose with the increase of the organic matter content in different soil. The average values of K_(oc) in the soil-water system with MDEAO, ODEA,and blank soil were 0.412, 0.252,and 0.309, respectively. The critical micelle concentration of ODEA and MDEAO was 0.7 mg/L and 1.9 mg/L, respectively,denoting that the solubilization capacity of ODEA was much stronger than MDEAO in the soil-water system. Consequently,the adsorption of MDEAO onto the solid surface increased the organic matter content in soil,which could make it more effective in enhancing the n-hexadecane adsorption. On the contrary, ODEA could inhibit the adsorption of n-hexadecane because of its less adsorption rate onto the soil particle surface and higher concentration in the soil-water system. According to the correlation coefficients, it was found that both the Henry linear and the Freundlich nonlinear isotherm sorption models were fitted to the data very well, however the Freundlich model was better than the Henry model.

Room Temperature Phosphorescence pH Switch Based on Photo-induced Electron Transfer

In this paper, photoinduced electron transfer(PET) phosphoroionophore, N-(1-bromo- 2-naphthylmethyl)-diethanolamine (BND) was synthesized and its phosphorescent characteristics were studied. The experimental results showed that strong phosphorescence could be observed in b-cyclodextrin aqueous solution only at low pH value. This system combined AND and NOT function to produce a three-input inhibit (INH) logic gate.

Effect of calcination temperature on structural and optical properties of MAl2O4（M=Ni, Cu, Zn） aluminate spinel nanoparticles

NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 aluminate spinel nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method using diethanolamine(DEA)as a fuel.The effects of calcination temperature on structure,crystallinity,morphology,and optical properties of MAl2O4(M=Ni,Cu,Zn)have been investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-DRS),and photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy.The XRD and FT-IR results confirm the formation of single-phase spinel structure of NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 at 1200,1000,and 600℃,respectively.The direct band gap of these aluminate spinels,calculated from UV-DRS spectra using the Kubelka–Munk function,is found to increase with calcination temperature.The PL spectra demonstrate that NiAl2O4 gives the highest blue emission intensity,while CuAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4 exhibit a very strong violet emission.During fluorescence process,the ZnAl2O4 emits visible light in only violet and blue regions,while Ni Al2O4 and CuAl2O4 emissions extend to the green region.It seems therefore that the transition metal type and intrinsic defects in these aluminate powders are responsible for these phenomena.