In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rura...In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg +, anti HBs +, and anti HBc +) and the one on HCV (anti HCV +) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti HCV +) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg + cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg + and more anti HCV + cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti HBs + or anti HBc + and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.展开更多
In this work, we discuss the development of simulation code for a model of the cross-reactive adaptive immune response seen in flavivirus infections. The model specifically addresses flavivirus pathogen virulence in G...In this work, we discuss the development of simulation code for a model of the cross-reactive adaptive immune response seen in flavivirus infections. The model specifically addresses flavivirus pathogen virulence in G0?vs G1?cell states. The MHC-I upregulation of resting cells (G0 state) allows the T-cells generated for flavivirus peptide antigens to attack healthy cells also. The cells in G1?state are not upregulated as much and so virus hides in them and hence is propagated upon rupture. Hence, this type of model is referred to as a decoy model because the immune system is decoyed into preferentially recognizing the upregulated cells while the virus actively propagates in another small, but important, cell population. We show that the generic assumption of upregulation via a model which includes the?G0/G1?differential upregulation leads to immunopathological consequences. We outline the details behind the simulation code decisions and provide some theoretical justification for our model of collateral damage and upregulation.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to understand the stability and possibility of back mutation of Japanese encephalitis （JE） attenuated vaccine virus strain SA14-14-2 HKs on molecular level. The E genes of the SA14-14-2...The purpose of this study was to understand the stability and possibility of back mutation of Japanese encephalitis （JE） attenuated vaccine virus strain SA14-14-2 HKs on molecular level. The E genes of the SA14-14-2 HKs vaccine virus and its PHK cells passaged virus （SA14-14-2 HK17 ）, its mouse brain passaged virus （SA14-14-2 SM1 ） were sequenced and compared with the E gene of parental SAI4 virus. The total RNA was extracted from infected Vero cells and amplified by RT-PCR. The RT-PCR products were purified and cloned into T-vector. Positive clones were screened, identified and sequenced. There were twelve nucleotides and eight amino acids substitutions between SA14 parent virus and SA14-34-2 PHKs vaccine virus. The SA14-14-2 PHK17 virus showed two additional mutations （E-331 and E-398） which were not back mutations. Although five additional mutations were found in SA14-34-2 SMt virus, only one （E-307） was back mutation. Genetic characteristics of the attenuated vaccine virus SA14- 34-2 were stable when it was passaged 37 times on PHK cells or one time in mouse brains.展开更多
To investigate the correlation between anxiety and related factors among international students in Wenzhou during the COVID-19 epidemic,international students from Wenzhou were selected as subjects for our research.We...To investigate the correlation between anxiety and related factors among international students in Wenzhou during the COVID-19 epidemic,international students from Wenzhou were selected as subjects for our research.We administered a self-developed questionnaire on anxiety among our subjects in question during the specific time of the COVID-19 epidemic,in which a self-assessment scale was included.Overall,an anxiety questionnaire for international students studying in Wenzhou during the outbreak of COVID–19,a self-rating anxiety scale,and statistical methods were utilized to conduct our research.During the COVID-19 epidemic,international students in Wenzhou experienced varying degrees of anxiety,which were related to concerns about contracting the virus,exam-related stress,and differences in living standards.Therefore,intervention is crucial.展开更多
文摘In order to compare sensitivity of EIA and RIA assay kits for hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV, respectively) infection markers, 100 serum samples in total were collected form 50 adult women each in urban and rural areas in northeast China. The number of positive cases to the three infection markers on HBV (i.e., HBsAg +, anti HBs +, and anti HBc +) and the one on HCV (anti HCV +) were examined in two laboratories, i.e., in Laboratory A with EIA kits produced in China and in Laboratory B with RIA kits. HCV infection positivity (anti HCV +) was examined by EIA kits in both laboratories, but from different sources in and outside of China, respectively. The assay in Laboratory A gave 2 HBsAg + cases out of the 100 cases examined, whereas there were 9 positive cases in Laboratory B. In contrast, 19 cases were positive to anti HCV when examined in Laboratory A, and there were 3 cases in Laboratory B. Thus, the kits used in Laboratory A gave fewer HBsAg + and more anti HCV + cases than the kits used in Laboratory B. The prevalence of anti HBs + or anti HBc + and cases did not differ when assayed in the two laboratories with EIA and RIA kits, respectively. The agreement of positive and negative findings between the two sets of testing were 93%, 93%, 93%, 86% and 82% for HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc, HBV (i.e., either positive to anyone of the three markers or negative to all three markers), and anti HCV, respectively. The implication of the observation on epidemiology on HBV and HCV infection prevalence was discussed.
文摘In this work, we discuss the development of simulation code for a model of the cross-reactive adaptive immune response seen in flavivirus infections. The model specifically addresses flavivirus pathogen virulence in G0?vs G1?cell states. The MHC-I upregulation of resting cells (G0 state) allows the T-cells generated for flavivirus peptide antigens to attack healthy cells also. The cells in G1?state are not upregulated as much and so virus hides in them and hence is propagated upon rupture. Hence, this type of model is referred to as a decoy model because the immune system is decoyed into preferentially recognizing the upregulated cells while the virus actively propagates in another small, but important, cell population. We show that the generic assumption of upregulation via a model which includes the?G0/G1?differential upregulation leads to immunopathological consequences. We outline the details behind the simulation code decisions and provide some theoretical justification for our model of collateral damage and upregulation.
文摘The purpose of this study was to understand the stability and possibility of back mutation of Japanese encephalitis （JE） attenuated vaccine virus strain SA14-14-2 HKs on molecular level. The E genes of the SA14-14-2 HKs vaccine virus and its PHK cells passaged virus （SA14-14-2 HK17 ）, its mouse brain passaged virus （SA14-14-2 SM1 ） were sequenced and compared with the E gene of parental SAI4 virus. The total RNA was extracted from infected Vero cells and amplified by RT-PCR. The RT-PCR products were purified and cloned into T-vector. Positive clones were screened, identified and sequenced. There were twelve nucleotides and eight amino acids substitutions between SA14 parent virus and SA14-34-2 PHKs vaccine virus. The SA14-14-2 PHK17 virus showed two additional mutations （E-331 and E-398） which were not back mutations. Although five additional mutations were found in SA14-34-2 SMt virus, only one （E-307） was back mutation. Genetic characteristics of the attenuated vaccine virus SA14- 34-2 were stable when it was passaged 37 times on PHK cells or one time in mouse brains.
基金2022 annual curriculum ideological and political teaching reform research project of Wenzhou Medical University and 2022“big ideological and political”teaching reform project of The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.(jglx202210)。
文摘To investigate the correlation between anxiety and related factors among international students in Wenzhou during the COVID-19 epidemic,international students from Wenzhou were selected as subjects for our research.We administered a self-developed questionnaire on anxiety among our subjects in question during the specific time of the COVID-19 epidemic,in which a self-assessment scale was included.Overall,an anxiety questionnaire for international students studying in Wenzhou during the outbreak of COVID–19,a self-rating anxiety scale,and statistical methods were utilized to conduct our research.During the COVID-19 epidemic,international students in Wenzhou experienced varying degrees of anxiety,which were related to concerns about contracting the virus,exam-related stress,and differences in living standards.Therefore,intervention is crucial.
