Design of an 8 bit differential paired eFuse OTP memory IP reducing sensing resistance

For the conventional single-ended eFuse cell, sensing failures can occur due to a variation of a post-program eFuse resistance during the data retention time and a relatively high program resistance of several kilo ohms. A differential paired eFuse cell is designed which is about half the size smaller in sensing resistance of a programmed eFuse link than the conventional single-ended eFuse cell. Also, a sensing circuit of sense amplifier is proposed, based on D flip-flop structure to implement a simple sensing circuit. Furthermore, a sensing margin test circuit is proposed with variable pull-up loads out of consideration for resistance variation of a programmed eFuse. When an 8 bit eFuse OTP IP is designed with 0.18 ~tm standard CMOS logic of TSMC, the layout dimensions are 229.04 μm ×100.15μm. All the chips function successfully when 20 test chips are tested with a program voltage of 4.2 V.

Using Differential Evolution Method to Solve Crew Rostering Problem

Airline crew rostering is the assignment problem of crew members to planned rotations/pairings for certain month. Airline companies have the monthly task of constructing personalized monthly schedules (roster) for crew members. This problem became more complex and difficult while the aspirations/criterias to assess the quality of roster grew and the constraints increased excessively. This paper proposed the differential evolution (DE) method to solve the airline rostering problem. Different from the common DE, this paper presented random swap as mutation operator. The DE algorithm is proven to be able to find the near optimal solution accurately for the optimization problem. Through numerical experiments with some real datasets, DE showed more competitive results than two other methods, column generation and MOSI (the one used by the Airline). DE produced good results for small and medium datasets, but it still showed reasonable results for large dataset. For large crew rostering problem, we proposed decomposition procedure to solve it in more efficient manner using DE.

Fitting evolutionary process of matrix protein 2 family from influenza A virus using analytical solution of differential equation

The evolution of protein family is a process along the time course, thus any mathematical methods that can describe a process over time could be possible to describe an evolutionary process. In our previously concept-initiated study, we attempted to use the differential equation to describe the evolution of hemagglutinins from influenza A viruses, and to discuss various issues related to the building of differential equation. In this study, we attempted not only to use the differential equation to describe the evolution of matrix protein 2 family from influenza A virus, but also to use the analytical solution to fit its evolutionary process. The results showed that the fitting was possible and workable. The fitted model parameters provided a way to further determine the evolutionary dynamics and kinetics, a way to more precisely predict the time of occurrence of mutation, and a way to figure out the interaction between protein family and its environment.

基于集对分析探讨下肢动脉粥样硬化气虚痰瘀证的辨证因子

[目的]初步筛选与下肢动脉粥样硬化(LEAD)气虚痰瘀证中医辨病辨证相关的联系因子,为提高LEAD气虚痰瘀证临床辨证的准确性提供参考。[方法]总结归纳500例LEAD气虚痰瘀证患者的一般情况、症状体征、辅助检查结果,基于集对分析的方法,筛选与LEAD气虚痰瘀证中医辨证相关的辨证因子,并按联系数大小排序。[结果]综合LEAD与无LEAD人群,通过势函数可得影响LEAD气虚痰瘀证的主要因子是“痰多≥1分”与“ABI<0.9”,中等因子依次为“头重如裹≥1分”“有糖尿病史”“有吸烟史”“苔白腻或黄腻≥2分”“面色淡白或萎黄≥2分”“男性”“唇色紫暗≥1分”“有高血压病史”“神倦乏力≥2分”“胸闷脘痞≥2分”“心悸≥1分”“年龄≥60岁”,余均为次要因子;研究LEAD气虚痰瘀证的中医辨证因子,通过三元联系数发现“舌淡或紫暗或有瘀斑瘀点,或有齿印”“神倦乏力”“脉弦滑或涩、结代、或细弱”“苔白腻或黄腻”“面色淡白或萎黄”为LEAD气虚痰瘀证的主要辨证因子;基于四元联系数的三阶偏联系数,发现“头晕目眩”“神倦乏力”“痰多”“唇色紫暗”“脉弦滑或涩、结代、或细弱”“苔白腻或黄腻”6个辨证因子总体有向严重程度重的潜在发展趋势,而其余辨证因子有向严重程度轻的潜在发展趋势。[结论]通过集对分析法得到LEAD气虚痰瘀证的主要辨证因子与次要辨证因子符合临床实际,有助于构建LEAD的辨证模型,有助于中医辨证的客观化,从而提高临床辨证的准确性,同时有利于临床对部分危险因素及辨证因子进行提早干预,提高临床疗效。

Differential metabolite analysis of the pharmacodynamic differences between different ratios of Dahuang(Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati)-Taoren(Semen Persicae) herb pair

OBJECTIVE: To explore the material basis of the difference of efficacy of Dahuang(Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati)-Taoren(Semen Persicae)(DT) drugs with different proportions. METHODS: Samples of different ratios of Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei Palnati, DH) to Taoren(Semen Persicae, TR)(Group A 1∶1, B 2∶3, C 3∶2) were analyzed based on gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry untargeted metabolomics technique. RESULTS: A total of 240 primary metabolites were detected. Forty-one differential metabolites involved nine differential metabolic pathways, of which four were closely related to the efficacy of DT in the treatment of heat and blood stasis syndrome. These pathways included the biosynthesis of amino acid(phenylalanine tyrosine and tryptophan), flavonoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and the glycolysis/glycogenesis pathway. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the efficacy of different ratios of DT drugs, and their optimal ratio for the treatment of heat and blood stasis syndrome should be 1∶1.

Electron-Positron Pair Production in Electro-Magnetic Field

At very high energies, pair production formation (γ + N → e+e-) exhibits a variety of intriguing properties. Analytically and quantitatively, the formation of Electron-Positron pairs in the Electro-Magnetic field of light nuclei has been calculated. In Ultra-Relativistic (UR) areas of incident photon energy, applying the resulting formulas to the energy distribution of the (e-, e+) operation. When we compare the results, we can observe that the Magnetic field of the target nucleus is more efficacious than the Electric field of the nucleus in the (e-, e+) operation. Furthermore, we can show that in Pair Production operation, the Differential Cross Section (DCS) owing to the target nucleus’s Electric Quadrupole (EQ) and Magnetic Octupole (MO) are bigger than the Differential Cross Section (DCS) attributable to the target nucleus’s Electric Charge (EC) distribution and Magnetic Dipole (MD).

Professor Chen Xianhai's experience of herb pairs in the treatment of pulmonary diseases

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,based on the four properties and five flavors of traditional Chinese medicines,the lifting and lowering theory and channel tropism,Professor Chen combined with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and constitution identification to prescribe for patients and used herb pairs to treat many kinds of pulmonary diseases.And he has achieved good clinical effect by"treatment methods selection according to syndromes".His experience in medication and compatibility mechanism are worthy of further exploration and promotion by scholars.

李曰庆治疗生殖器疱疹药对浅析

生殖器疱疹是常见的性传播疾病之一,也是男科的常见病和多发病,由于缺乏特效药物,容易反复发作,治疗较为棘手。中医学将该病归属于“热疮”“阴疮”的范畴,认识较早,治疗方法丰富。李曰庆教授认为生殖器疱疹的病机当根据其发病特点分期而辨,发作期多实证,以湿热淫毒壅遏肌肤多见;潜伏期多虚实夹杂,正虚邪恋,以肾阳不足、气阴两虚为著。李曰庆教授对该病的辨治经验丰富,见解有独到之处,强调辨证与辨病相结合,中医与西医相结合,男女同诊,内外兼治,身心同调,疗效确切,现对其治疗思路及常用药对做一浅析,以供同道相互借鉴。

三类非线性偏微分方程(组)的守恒律

非线性偏微分方程在多个学科领域中扮演着关键角色,其守恒律的求解是研究的核心之一。基于Lie对称性,并结合Maple等数学软件,应用对称-共轭对称‘对’方法和Ibragimov新守恒定理,推导不同方程的守恒律。通过比较这2种方法在同一方程上的应用结果,总结了各自的优势和适用性,从而为实际问题选择合适的求解策略提供了有价值的结论。

应用中药药对治疗肺结节:基于中医辨证论治理论

现代医学对肺结节的诊疗以评估、随访、手术、抗炎为主,缺乏早期的干预手段。近年来中医对肺结节的理解与诊治有了一定进展,可为肺结节诊治尤其是肺结节前期的诊治提供新思路。中药药对是中医复方的核心所在,根据中医辨证论治理论,列举8组主要药对,包括柴胡-枳壳、川芎-香附、盐荔枝核-土贝母、法半夏-陈皮、桃仁-薏苡仁、黄芪-党参、沙参-麦冬、制附子-干姜,旨在探讨药对的中药功效与药理作用,阐述药对在肺结节治疗中的配伍机制与辨证应用,为中医药辨治肺结节提供参考。

低功耗CMOS集成运算放大器的研究与设计

基于0.35μm N阱硅栅CMOS标准工艺,设计了一个工作电压为±2.5 V的CMOS两级全差分运算放大器。通过采用密勒电容和调零电阻串联的补偿电路,有效地改善了电路的频率响应特性,提高了转换速度,使该两级运算放大器在获得较大输入共模范围和输出摆幅的同时,还获得了较高的增益及相位裕度,满足便携式电子产品的低功耗、高性能要求。Cadence SpectreBSIM3V3模型仿真结果表明,在10 GΩ负载电阻和1 pF负载电容并联的条件下,该两级运算放大器的功耗为3 mW,开环直流电压增益为73 dB,单位增益带宽达到90 MHz,相位裕度为47°。

电连接器信号完整性分析方法研究

为了提高电连接器在承载信号传递及高速互连方面的质量及可靠性,以高速背板连接器作为研究对象,建立了该电连接器的结构模型,通过仿真分析了影响其信号完整性的重要参数,进行结构优化后实现了参数的调整,使得时域反射阻抗提高了22Ω,回波损耗降低了6.54 d B,说明了经优化后的参数能够满足性能指标要求。再结合参数测试分析,对仿真结果和测试结果进行了比较,结果表明:仅回波损耗的测试结果存在一定偏差,其余参数的仿真结果与测试结果相吻合,同时也验证了信号完整性分析方法合理有效。所得结论可是电连接器设计、测试以及可靠性评估的参考依据。

自由飞行下基于事件树的碰撞风险评估模型

为了保障自由飞行下的飞行安全,需要评估自由飞行下飞机的碰撞风险。考虑到飞机碰撞事故的发生是飞机发生冲突事件、机载防撞系统告警失败事件和飞行员干预失败事件相互作用的结果,建立飞机发生碰撞的事件树模型。由于不同事件对碰撞影响的机理不同,采用不同方法进行分析和建模。首先,运用随机微分方程法分析通信导航监视性能对冲突概率的影响;其次,运用集对分析法分析机载防撞系统可靠性对碰撞风险的影响;最后,运用贝叶斯网络分析飞行员可靠性对碰撞风险的影响。给出算例验证了模型的可行性。

基于联系数的痛风性关节炎血瘀证辨证因子研究

目的:采用集对分析联系数方法,寻找与痛风性关节炎血瘀证相关的辨证因子,用于指导临床。方法:符合研究标准的70例痛风性关节炎血瘀证患者,按照集对分析联系数分析方法,根据联系数辩证值(dialectics connection value,DCV)的大小排序,查找与痛风性关节炎血瘀证相关的辨证因子。结果:9项观察中,5项DCV值大于0.5,包括疼痛(0.8580),舌下静脉迂曲、腭黏膜征阳性(血管曲张,色紫暗)(0.7731),痛风石(0.7230),机体各部位静脉曲张、毛细血管扩张(0.7009),肌肤甲错(皮肤粗糙、肥厚,鳞屑增多)(0.6123)。其余的DCV值均小于0.5。结论:疼痛为最主要的辨证因子(1号主因子),舌下静脉迂曲、腭黏膜征阳性(血管曲张,色紫暗)为2号主因子,痛风石为3号主因子,机体各部位静脉曲张、毛细血管扩张为4号主因子,肌肤甲错(皮肤粗糙、肥厚,鳞屑增多)为5号主因子;其余如口唇及指端紫绀,面部、唇、齿龈及眼周紫黑,舌质青紫或暗,舌有瘀点等都是次要辨证因子。

7个鹅观草居群的形态学和细胞遗传学研究

鹅观草广泛分布于我国各地及日本和朝鲜等地,具有丰富的遗传变异,种内变异类型丰富,一些居群间存在明显的生殖隔离。本研究利用人工杂交、形态学、繁育学及染色体组分析方法对来自四川雅安、四川宜宾新文、四川宜宾翠屏山、青海、新疆、浙江及山东的7个鹅观草居群进行了遗传分化研究。结果显示:(1)不同居群在株高、穗长、外稃长等表型性状存在差异,各居群间杂种F1表型性状普遍优于两亲本居群,但是颖宽个别性状劣于亲本。(2)各居群间杂种F1染色体配对水平总体较高,但也存在差异;二价体数目变异范围为19.77~20.91,单价体数目变异范围为0.18~2.46,还有低频率的三价体、四价体出现。(3)杂种F1的育性为78.9%~89.67%,自然结实率43.05%~77.98%,其中浙江与四川宜宾翠屏山居群的杂种F1的自然结实率最低(43.05%)。以上结果表明,7个鹅观草居群间存在一定程度的分化,且与各居群的地理分布呈正相关;四川宜宾与浙江居群之间存在一定的生殖隔离,遗传变异较大。

分数阶一般退化微分系统的通解

本文研究了系数矩阵不是方阵情形的分数阶一般退化微分系统的解.通过定义可解阵对,获得分数阶一般退化微分系统的通解表达式.该结果推广了整数阶退化微分系统和分数阶常微分系统解的相应结论.

软X光谱的滤波差分测量系统

采用复合滤片法建立的软X光谱滤波差分测量系统 ,设计了五对匹配差分对 ,将滤波差分法用于激光等离子体实验测量。测量结果表明 ,此系统具有单色性好、反演方法简单和精度高的特点 。

基于DoG检测图像特征点的快速二进制描述子

针对SIFT描述子实时性差和传统二进制描述子对尺度、旋转和视角变化鲁棒性差的问题,本文通过优化采样模式和添加灰度差分不变量比较测试进行改进,提出了一种鲁棒性更高的二进制描述子。首先,设计了一种尺度关联、编号标记的采样模式;然后,旋转采样模式中各采样点到特定位置,确保描述子尺度、旋转不变性;接着,分析了采样点点对模式对描述子的影响,选择使用机器学习训练后的128对采样点对;最后,选择灰度值比较测试及梯度绝对值和比较测试构建二进制描述子。实验中采用DoG检测图像关键点,结果表明:本文提出的描述子在描述子构建和描述子匹配上比SIFT描述子分别快84%和67%;在有视角变化的图像匹配上,准确率比传统的二进制描述子高3%~5%,召回率平均要高30%以上。本文提出的特征点描述方法适用于时间要求高的图像匹配领域。

双线偏振雷达的降水估测 Ⅰ.排序配对逼近法

提出使用新的途径──排序配对逼近法得出的双线偏振雷达降水估测ＺＲ关系参数因子比线性拟合法具有更好的代表性，且能体现提高区域降水估测精度，也能根据实际情形采用其它的误差类型作为获取及衡量参数的标准。对指数函数形式的ＺＲ关系来说，其参数因子Ａ０，ＡＨ及ＡＤＲ分别为０．０１６８４，０．０９６和－０．４１６５。该方法可以推广应用到多个变元及参数因子的复杂函数中。

一种基于差分DCT系数对直方图的图像取证方法

提出了一种基于差分DCT域系数对直方图的图像拼接篡改检测方法.该方法首先对图像进行DCT变换,而后分别计算DCT系数矩阵的水平、垂直、主对角线、副对角线四个方向的差分DCT系数矩阵,并对得到的差分DCT系数矩阵进行系数对直方图化,提取特征向量.最后,利用支持向量机对真实图像和篡改后的图像进行分类识别.实验结果表明,在相关的测试数据集上,和现存的一些算法相比,该方法不仅具有较低的计算复杂度,同时,其检测性能在目前所有提出的算法中达到最高,性能优良.