A Digital Phase Locked Loop Speed Control of Three Phase Induction Motor Drive: Performances Analysis

This paper deals with performance analysis and implementation of a three phase inverter fed induction motor (IM) drive system. The closed loop control scheme of the drive utilizes the Digital Phase Locked Loop (DPLL). The DPLL is safely implemented all around the well known integrated circuit DPLL 4046. An ex-perimental verification is carried out on one kw scalar controlled IM system drives for a wide range of speeds and loads appliance. This presents a simple and high performance solution for industrial applications.

Controller Design for Induction and Brushless Motors Using Matlab with Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

The automation process is a very important pillar for Industry 4.0.One of the first steps is the control of motors to improve production efficiency and generate energy savings.In mass production industries,techniques such as digital signal processing(DSP)systems are implemented to control motors.These systems are efficient but very expensive for certain applications.From this arises the need for a controller capable of handling AC and DC motors that improves efficiency and maintains low energy consumption.This project presents the design of an adaptive control system for brushless AC induction and DC motors,which is functional to any type of plant in the industry.The design was possible by implementing Matlab software and tools such as digital signal processor(DSP)and Simulink.Through an extensive investigation of the state of the art,three models needed to represent the control system have been specified.The first model for the AC motor,the second for the DC motor and the third for the DSP control;this is done in this way so that the probability of failure is lower.Subsequently,these models have been programmed in Simulink,integrating the three main models into one.In this way,the design of a controller for use in AC induction motors,specifically squirrel cage and brushless DC motors,has been achieved.The final model represents a response time of 0.25 seconds,which is optimal for this type of application,where response times of 2e-3 to 3 seconds are expected.

基于Digital-PWM方法的超声马达驱动控制电路设计

介绍了超声马达脉宽调制驱动原理,阐述了数字脉宽调制思想和实现方法,设计出一种带有数字脉宽调制接口的超声马达驱动电路,实验验证了电路输出驱动信号的性能。

An Experimental Study on Microcomputer Control of Pump Controlled Motor Systems

Pump controlled motor electrohydraulic servo systems are much used in circumstances where high power drive is needed. This kind of system has the advantage of energy-saving. But, it also has some defects that have to be improved. Microcomputer control of a pump controlled motor electrohydraulic servo system is studied. A PID controller is first adopted on the closed loop control system, and experimental results are obtained. Then, a model reference adaptive controller is designed and realised on the same system applying a single board microcomputer. Experimental results show that the dynamic properties of the adaptive control system is much better than those of the PID system under different inertia load conditions.

STUDY ON POWER SPARE COEFFICIENT OF ELECTRICAL MOTOR IN LARGE PUMP STATION BASED ON RELIABILITY

Characters of head of low head pump station and the pump shaft power areanalyzed. Influence of each single factor on pump shaft power is expressed as change of specificshaft power. (non-dimensional) and the probability density function is determined. Influences ofmultiple factors on pump shaft power are analyzed. Method of calculating none over-loadedprobability of motor by integration by successive reductions is put forward and then relationbetween power spare coefficient and none over-loaded reliability of electric motor is established.Influences of all factors on pump shaft power being considered completely; power spare coefficientsof motor are calculated in three kinds of heads (changing and unchanging), two kinds of dirty-outconditions. Electrical motor power spare coefficients should be chosen as 1.20 approx 1.44, 1.11approx 1.19, 1.09 approx.14 respectively when pump heads are 4, 7, 9.5 m. The results mean much toreasonable choose of electrical motors in large pump stations, increasing reliability of pump unitsand saving equipment investment.

Novel sucker rod pumping system based on linear motor technology

Obtaining petroleum at the cost of electrical energy is a common problem in almost all oil fields, and it is mainly caused by low duty radio of induction motor used in beam pumping units. Traditional beam-pumping units have many intrinsic disadvantages such as low efficiency, complex transmission devices, poor flexibility, tremendous volume and weight in long stroke, etc.Therefore, a novel direct driven linear electromagnetic pumping unit (EMPU) has been developed by combining oil extraction technology with linear motor technology. The thrust of EMPU matches the changing of suspension center load to improve the system efficiency and cut down the consumption of energy. Based on previous experience, a small-scale prototype was developed and a simulation was conducted with it. Both theoretical analyses and experimental study showed that the problems exiting in beam pumping units can be solved with EMPU system, and this is a new method which can be used to solve high energy waste in oil fields.

Lubrication characteristics of external return spherical hinge pair of axial piston pump or motor under combined action of inclination and offset distance

External return mechanism is a mechanical structure applied to axial piston pumps.To study its lubrication characteristics,the Reynolds equation applied to an external return spherical hinge pair was deduced based on the vector equation of relative-motion velocity of the external return spherical hinge pair under the influence of external swash plate inclination and offset distance.The results show that the total friction,axial leakage flow,and maximum value of the maximum oil-film pressure increase with increasing pump-shaft speed and decrease with increasing offset distance in one working cycle when the external-swash-plate inclination is constant.However,the varying offset distance has little effect on the axial leakage flow.The maximum value of the maximum oil-film pressure decreases with increasing external-swash-plate inclination and the total leakage flow increases with increasing external-swash-plate inclination in one working cycle when the offset distance is constant.It can be seen that the abovementioned parameters are important factors that affect the lubrication characteristics of external return spherical hinge pairs.Therefore,the complex effects of different coupling parameters should be comprehensively considered in the design of the external return mechanism.

Design on Vibration Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis System of Large Water Pump Motor

Large water pump motor,whose operation decides the reliability of the whole production line,plays a very important role.Therefore,its online condition monitoring can help companies better know its operation,process fault analysis and protection.The essay mainly studies and designs large water pump motor′s real time vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis system.The essay completes the systems project design,the establishment of the system and performance test.Eddy-currentsensor,XM-120 vibration module,XM-320 axial translation module,XM-362 temperature module,XM-360 process amount module and XM-500 gateway module are used to measure the axial vibration and displacement of main motors.Laboratory tests prove that the system can meet the requirements of motor vibration monitoring.

Dynamic Modelling of Submersible Pump Based Solar Water-Pumping System with Three-Phase Induction Motor Using MATLAB

The main purpose of this paper is to design and model a water-pumping system using a submersible multi-stage centrifugal pump driven by a three-phase induction motor. The system is intended for pumping water to the surface from a deep well using three power supply systems: a general network, a photo-voltaic (PV) system, and a PV system with a battery bank. These systems are used to compare two three-phase induction motors—namely, a motor with a drive and another one without a drive. The systems dynamic models are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and the results compared with the manufacturer’s data for validation purposes. The simulation results generally show system dynamics and expected performance over a range of operation.

LQ Speed Control of Pump Controlled Motor System

A linear quadric (LQ) optimal speed control algorithm is proposed for the speed control of a pump controlled motor hydraulic system. The control theme consists of optimal state feedback and disturbing compensation based on observation. The optimal state feedback bases on LQ cost function. The disturbing compensation is realized through reconstructing the state of load torque. A series of simulation are performed, and the results show that the control performance is satisfactory and can be maintained under changes of load torque.

LMI Approach to Robust H_∞/H_2 Controller Design with Regional Poles Constraint of a Pump-Motor System

The time domain guideposts requirements of a pump-motor system is transfered into a series of constraints which express the robust performance upper bound and regional poles limits of the closed loop system. Then the servo system control problem is transferred into the problem of robust performance optimizing under regional poles constrains described by linear matrix inequality （LMI）. These LMIs are easy to solve through the Matlab LMI-toolbox. Simulations indicate that the controller has excellent dynamic, static and disturbance rejection performance, and the control system is robust and has perfect H2 performance to the bounded external torque disturbance.

Design and Development of the DTC Induction Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle

The design and development of the traction controller for electric vehicle is introduced, which is based on the induction motor. This drive is developed by using a digital signal processor at low cost and carried out with the module design concept of both software and hardware. Nevertheless, a scheme of the sensorless direct torque control is based on the developed hardware, of which the feasibility is tested by a trial program. Additionally, both the interface function of the drive hardware and the feasibility of its software are proved to be good by the trail programs. A test motor can run about 18?r/min by a variable frequency program with the space vector pulse width modulation technology, of which the torque is visible pulsatile. In this presentation, based on the theoretical approach, the sensorless torque control is to be studied and applied to electric vehicles, of which the quick, smooth and stable torque response is emphasized because it quite benefits improving the drive performance of electric vehicles.

Dynamically updated digital twin for prognostics and health management:Application in permanent magnet synchronous motor

Current research on Digital Twin(DT)based Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)focuses on establishment of DT through integration of real-time data from various sources to facilitate comprehensive product monitoring and health management.However,there still exist gaps in the seamless integration of DT and PHM,as well as in the development of DT multi-field coupling modeling and its dynamic update mechanism.When the product experiences long-period degradation under load spectrum,it is challenging to describe the dynamic evolution of the health status and degradation progression accurately.In addition,DT update algorithms are difficult to be integrated simultaneously by current methods.This paper proposes an innovative dual loop DT based PHM framework,in which the first loop establishes the basic dynamic DT with multi-filed coupling,and the second loop implements the PHM and the abnormal detection to provide the interaction between the dual loops through updating mechanism.The proposed method pays attention to the internal state changes with degradation and interactive mapping with dynamic parameter updating.Furthermore,the Independence Principle for the abnormal detection is proposed to refine the theory of DT.Events at the first loop focus on accurate modeling of multi-field coupling,while the events at the second loop focus on real-time occurrence of anomalies and the product degradation trend.The interaction and collaboration between different loop models are also discussed.Finally,the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM)is used to verify the proposed method.The results show that the modeling method proposed can accurately track the lifecycle performance changes of the entity and carry out remaining life prediction and health management effectively.

A new diagnostic method for identifying working conditions of submersible reciprocating pumping systems

The submersible pumping unit is a new type of pumping system for lifting formation fluids from onshore oil wells, and the identification of its working condition has an important influence on oil production. In this paper we proposed a diagnostic method for identifying the working condition of the submersible pumping system. Based on analyzing the working principle of the pumping unit and the pump structure, different characteristics in loading and unloading processes of the submersible linear motor were obtained at different working conditions. The characteristic quantities were extracted from operation data of the submersible linear motor. A diagnostic model based on the support vector machine （SVM） method was proposed for identifying the working condition of the submersible pumping unit, where the inputs of the SVM classifier were the characteristic quantities. The performance and the misjudgment rate of this method were analyzed and validated by the data acquired from an experimental simulation platform. The model proposed had an excellent performance in failure diagnosis of the submersible pumping system. The SVM classifier had higher diagnostic accuracy than the learning vector quantization （LVQ） classifier.

Distribution characteristics and impact on pump＇s efficiency of hydro-mechanical losses of axial piston pump over wide operating ranges

A novel performance model of losses of pump was presented,which allows an explicit insight into the losses of various friction pairs of pump.The aim is to clarify that to what extent the hydro-mechanical losses affect efficiency,and to further gain an insight into the variation and distribution characteristics of hydro-mechanical losses over wide operating ranges.A good agreement is found in the comparisons between simulation and experimental results.At rated speed,the hydro-mechanical losses take a proportion ranging from 87% to 89% and from 68% to 97%,respectively,of the total power losses of pump working under 5 MPa pressure conditions,and 13% of full displacement conditions.Furthermore,within the variation of speed ranging from 48% to 100% of rated speed,and pressure ranging from 14% to 100% of rated pressure,the main sources of hydro-mechanical losses change to slipper swash plate pair and valve plate cylinder pair at low displacement conditions,from the piston cylinder pair and slipper swash plate pair at full displacement conditions.Besides,the hydro-mechanical losses in ball guide retainer pair are found to be almost independent of pressure.The derived conclusions clarify the main orientations of efforts to improve the efficiency performance of pump,and the proposed model can service for the design of pump with higher efficiency performance.

Submersible direct-drive progressing cavity pump rodless lifting technology

Submersible electrical motor direct-drive progressing cavity pump (PCP) rodless lifting was studied to solve the traditional rod-drive pump problems, such as rod-tubing wearing, low efficiency and short running time. The theoretical researches and laboratory experiments of key tools such as submersible motor and the construction technology of lifting system were introduced. The field application and economic benefit were analyzed and compared with the traditional rod pumping unit. A new low speed and large torque permanent magnet synchronous motor was developed. This motor was used to drive PCP without gear reducer, which improved the reliability and feasibility. It can run at the speed from 50 to 500 r/min with stepless speed regulation, and it can perform high efficiency and large torque. Besides, other key supporting tools, such as motor protector and flex shaft, were developed. The submersible electrical motor direct- drive PCP technology can be used in a 139.7 mm (5.5 in) casing well, with daily output ranging from 5 to 50 m3. Until now, the technology has been deployed more than 100 wells. The field application results show that it eliminates the rod-tubing wearing and saves electric energy by more than 30% compared with the traditional rod pumping unit. And it also makes the oil produced in a safe and environmental friendly way.

Position Sensorless Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using Sliding Mode Observer

An approach of position sensorless control for permanent magnet synchronous motor （ PMSM ） is put forward based on a sliding mode observer. The mathematical model of PMSM in a stationary αβ reference frame is adopted, and the system is controlled by the digital signal processor （ DSP; TMS320LF2407 according to the control achieve closed loop operation of the motor, the stator theory of sliding mode observer. In order to magnetic field should be vertical with the rotor magnetic field and be synchronous with rotor rotating, so the position and speed of PMSM is estimated in real time and the estimated position is modified continuously. The simulation results indicate that the proposed observer has high precision is more robust to the parametric variation and load in estimation of PMSM position and speed, and torque disturbance.

PV-Grid Tie System Energizing Water Pump

This paper presents the behaviours of three-phase induction motor driving centrifugal pump under various solar irradiation levels, where the motor speed and torque depend on the source voltage and frequency, while the water-flow rate depends on the motor speed, density, and static head according to affinity flow. Matlab/Simulink model is proposed for studying the behaviours of these machines with respect to water flow capacity, motor current, electro-magnetic torque, and motor efficiency. The proposed photovoltaic with maximum power point tracking model based on observation and perturbation (O&P) maximum power tracking model is applied. The output voltage is regulated throughout Buck-Boost converter with purpose maintaining the output voltage at predetermined values. Since Induction motors are widely used in pump systems, the electromagnetic torque, water-flow rate are studied for various source frequencies. Comparison analysis is conducted for both motors with respect to water flow-rate, heads elevation, and motor current. In addition to that, the proposed system presents Photovoltaic-Grid (PV-Grid) Integrated model, where the power shortage required for normally operation of the pump is drawn from the electrical grid.

Variable Speed Photovoltaic Water Pumping Using Affinity Laws

Photovoltaic (PV) power is most commonly used for water pumping applications. The DC output voltage of PV arrays is connected to a DC-DC converter using a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller to maximize their produced energy. Then, that converter is linked to a voltage source inverter (VSI) that converts DC power to AC power. Vector control is used to control the VSI fed three phase induction motor driving the water pump. The Affinity laws are used to change the pump characteristics by changing the pump speed, and consequently, the pump flow rate, head, and power will be varied. In this paper, the Affinity laws are adapted to achieve the pump hydraulic requirements while the power delivered to the pump motor remains unchanged by constructing new pump curves. A Matlab/Simulink model of the PV pumping system is observed over a wide range of weather and loading conditions.

The Design of a Mobile Phone-Based Remote-Control Application to Submersible Motor for Effective Water Supply

In the last few decades, several monitoring systems integrated with water level detection have been the major research focus. Production boost and its sustainability depend mainly on sustainable water supply, measuring water level, and avoiding waste of water is an essential task for all stakeholders. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to design and implement a mobile phone-based remote control. This will be applied to control the operation of a submersible motor in a water tank. The water level in the tank is detected and the device remotely turns the motor pump on/off. The design process is accomplished by developing an android application that works on GSM technology to manage the filling of water tank. An AT89C51 microcontroller is used for the desired programming. At the transmitting end, sensor is used for level detection and GSM module is used to send the information to user. According to this information, user controls the on/off operation of the pump. A SIM card is required for its operation and it works on attention (AT) commands. After the design and implementation of the device, the test results showed that all features of the device worked properly, and the device functions exactly as expected. More significantly, the paper has shown that ultrasonic sensors can be used to determine the level of water in a water tank and a GSM module can be used to control a submersible pump. The design and implementation of this device can help to reduce waste of time and power. Ultimately, it avoids water wastage thereby ensuring availability, conservation, and sustainability of water supply.