Objective This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.Methods School-aged children(SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by sch...Objective This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.Methods School-aged children(SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume(TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.Results Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places.The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively(r = 0.999 and-0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL(r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.Conclusion Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.展开更多
Chinese and Western diet culture has great differences.This paper analysed the differences of Chinese and Western dining etiquette,dietary concept,dietary content and the reasons and the impact for the differences.It ...Chinese and Western diet culture has great differences.This paper analysed the differences of Chinese and Western dining etiquette,dietary concept,dietary content and the reasons and the impact for the differences.It aims to help fully understand the different culture between China and the west,the hinder between cross-cultural communication and effectively foster people’s adaptability while doing cross-cultural communication and prevent social conflict caused by cultural differences the two展开更多
With the prevalence of COVID-19,the phenomenon of viruses spreading through aerosols has become a focus of attention.Diners in university dining halls have a high risk of exposure to respiratory droplets from others w...With the prevalence of COVID-19,the phenomenon of viruses spreading through aerosols has become a focus of attention.Diners in university dining halls have a high risk of exposure to respiratory droplets from others without the protection of face masks,which greatly increases the risk of COVID-19 transmission.Therefore,the transmission mechanism of respiratory droplets in extremely crowded dining environments should be investigated.In this study,a numerical simulation of coughing at dining tables under two conditions was performed,namely the presence and absence of protective partitions,and the evaporation and condensation of aerosol droplets in the air were examined.By using the numerical method,we analyzed and verified the isolation effect of dining table partitions in the propagation of aerosol droplets.The effect of changes in room temperature on the diffusion of coughed aerosols when partitions were present was analyzed.We demonstrated how respiratory droplets spread through coughing and how these droplets affect others.Finally,we proposed a design for a dining table partition that minimizes the transmission of COVID-19.展开更多
The paper focuses on the dining culture difference between china and America according to analyzing the period of the film, The Joy Luck Club, in which Waverly takes her boyfriend Rich to meet his future mother-in-law.
This paper attempts to discuss dining etiquette difference in China and western countries from the aspect of across-cultural communication by meticulously selecting many fresh examples. The author puts forward the mai...This paper attempts to discuss dining etiquette difference in China and western countries from the aspect of across-cultural communication by meticulously selecting many fresh examples. The author puts forward the main difference of dinner etiquette and the reasons for differences. It concludes that the methods for avoiding conflict. The research can offer a little help to the cross-cultural communication.展开更多
The growing emphasis in the United States on a building’s sustainability as it is constructed is clearly indicated by the exponential growth of the U.S.Green Building Council’s LEED rating system.In addition,society...The growing emphasis in the United States on a building’s sustainability as it is constructed is clearly indicated by the exponential growth of the U.S.Green Building Council’s LEED rating system.In addition,society is beginning to pay attention to the existing building stock’s environmental footprint,focusing on energy and water efficiency.There is less discussion,however,on how the design of the building can actually facilitate sustainable living within and even affect behavior beyond the building’s envelope.In some cases,what we do in the building may outweigh the environmental impact of the building itself.A dining facility on an average college or university campus,for instance,has potentially the single highest environmental footprint compared to all other buildings on campus,outside of laboratory or medical facilities.It is one of the most costly to operate and employs a high percentage of campus staff.The dining facility is one of the campus’s largest consumers in terms of purchased goods and producers of waste.It is also one of the biggest energy and water hogs.Conditions for the people working in the building can be dismal,with many kitchens lacking natural light,let alone fresh air or views to the outside.Yet,at the same time,the dining facility often serves as the center for student life on campus and has the greatest opportunity to affect students’behaviors relative to sustainability.In 2004 when Bates College began planning for a new dining facility(Figure 1),the goal was to break the stereotype for campus dining.The College wanted to push the envelope of the healthy and sustainable dining experience.In the end,Bates built a new dining Commons that is energy and water efficient,equitable to staff,produces close to no waste,supports local and organic food,uses materials responsibly,and increases relationships between students and faculty,coursework and dining,and campus life and community work.展开更多
In recent years,there have been more and more students going abroad for oversea study,the United States being one of them.For our English major students,studying in America is a good choice,for the language,the free a...In recent years,there have been more and more students going abroad for oversea study,the United States being one of them.For our English major students,studying in America is a good choice,for the language,the free atmosphere,and so on.Today I'm going to introduce the American campus English and culture in case I'm going to the United States one day.展开更多
Dining lampblack as a source of atmospheric pollution,urban residents had to spend a lot of economic costs all year round to solve its impact.However,traditional treatment methods often carry the risk of secondary pol...Dining lampblack as a source of atmospheric pollution,urban residents had to spend a lot of economic costs all year round to solve its impact.However,traditional treatment methods often carry the risk of secondary pollution.The use of phase change absorption solvent(PCAS)controlled by CO_(2)can effectively absorb the oily components in dining lampblack,and smoothly avoid the generation of secondary pollutants and squandering of resources.The reversibility of PCASs under CO_(2)control was explained by pH changes and macroscopic visualizations.The absorption effects of favorable absorbents and PCASs on dining lampblack were compared and analyzed.The fatty acid(FA)in the oil absorption mixture was desorbed by interacting with D230.The results of GC/MS analysis on the oil components separated by desorption showed that the desorption of PCASs was effective for these refractory oil components.FAs can be enriched and applied to the subsequent dining lampblack treatment link to realize the waste recycling.In addition,the absorption and desorption of oily components by PCASs were combined with the CO_(2)-controlled phase transformation of PCASs itself to achieve the absorption circulation of treating dining lampblack by using PCASs.展开更多
This paper examines the food references in David Hume＇s writings--most notably the correspondence, the essays, and his historical narrative. It is in the latter that we find his culinary interests exhibited in a fair...This paper examines the food references in David Hume＇s writings--most notably the correspondence, the essays, and his historical narrative. It is in the latter that we find his culinary interests exhibited in a fair amount of detail----outlining a historiography of food. In fact, people discover a ＂subtext＂ of the history of food in Hume＇s general history of England. Discussed foodstuffs as raw （economic） commodities, food as it is prepared and brought to the table, and as part of a social ritual of manners. All these facets of food practices interested Hume throughout his life （1711-1776） and in his history of the British Isles （ca. 55 BCE to 1688）.展开更多
基金supported by the National Nature Fund[No.81773370]the 2019 China Hygiene and Health Standard Project[No.20190502]。
文摘Objective This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.Methods School-aged children(SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume(TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.Results Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places.The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively(r = 0.999 and-0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL(r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.Conclusion Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.
文摘Chinese and Western diet culture has great differences.This paper analysed the differences of Chinese and Western dining etiquette,dietary concept,dietary content and the reasons and the impact for the differences.It aims to help fully understand the different culture between China and the west,the hinder between cross-cultural communication and effectively foster people’s adaptability while doing cross-cultural communication and prevent social conflict caused by cultural differences the two
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11872353,91852102)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ22A020004)。
文摘With the prevalence of COVID-19,the phenomenon of viruses spreading through aerosols has become a focus of attention.Diners in university dining halls have a high risk of exposure to respiratory droplets from others without the protection of face masks,which greatly increases the risk of COVID-19 transmission.Therefore,the transmission mechanism of respiratory droplets in extremely crowded dining environments should be investigated.In this study,a numerical simulation of coughing at dining tables under two conditions was performed,namely the presence and absence of protective partitions,and the evaporation and condensation of aerosol droplets in the air were examined.By using the numerical method,we analyzed and verified the isolation effect of dining table partitions in the propagation of aerosol droplets.The effect of changes in room temperature on the diffusion of coughed aerosols when partitions were present was analyzed.We demonstrated how respiratory droplets spread through coughing and how these droplets affect others.Finally,we proposed a design for a dining table partition that minimizes the transmission of COVID-19.
文摘The paper focuses on the dining culture difference between china and America according to analyzing the period of the film, The Joy Luck Club, in which Waverly takes her boyfriend Rich to meet his future mother-in-law.
文摘This paper attempts to discuss dining etiquette difference in China and western countries from the aspect of across-cultural communication by meticulously selecting many fresh examples. The author puts forward the main difference of dinner etiquette and the reasons for differences. It concludes that the methods for avoiding conflict. The research can offer a little help to the cross-cultural communication.
文摘The growing emphasis in the United States on a building’s sustainability as it is constructed is clearly indicated by the exponential growth of the U.S.Green Building Council’s LEED rating system.In addition,society is beginning to pay attention to the existing building stock’s environmental footprint,focusing on energy and water efficiency.There is less discussion,however,on how the design of the building can actually facilitate sustainable living within and even affect behavior beyond the building’s envelope.In some cases,what we do in the building may outweigh the environmental impact of the building itself.A dining facility on an average college or university campus,for instance,has potentially the single highest environmental footprint compared to all other buildings on campus,outside of laboratory or medical facilities.It is one of the most costly to operate and employs a high percentage of campus staff.The dining facility is one of the campus’s largest consumers in terms of purchased goods and producers of waste.It is also one of the biggest energy and water hogs.Conditions for the people working in the building can be dismal,with many kitchens lacking natural light,let alone fresh air or views to the outside.Yet,at the same time,the dining facility often serves as the center for student life on campus and has the greatest opportunity to affect students’behaviors relative to sustainability.In 2004 when Bates College began planning for a new dining facility(Figure 1),the goal was to break the stereotype for campus dining.The College wanted to push the envelope of the healthy and sustainable dining experience.In the end,Bates built a new dining Commons that is energy and water efficient,equitable to staff,produces close to no waste,supports local and organic food,uses materials responsibly,and increases relationships between students and faculty,coursework and dining,and campus life and community work.
文摘In recent years,there have been more and more students going abroad for oversea study,the United States being one of them.For our English major students,studying in America is a good choice,for the language,the free atmosphere,and so on.Today I'm going to introduce the American campus English and culture in case I'm going to the United States one day.
基金supported by the Chengdu Science and Technology Project of the Chengdu Bureau of Science and Technology(2021-YF05-00194-SN)the Foundation of Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province(2022NSFSC0203)。
文摘Dining lampblack as a source of atmospheric pollution,urban residents had to spend a lot of economic costs all year round to solve its impact.However,traditional treatment methods often carry the risk of secondary pollution.The use of phase change absorption solvent(PCAS)controlled by CO_(2)can effectively absorb the oily components in dining lampblack,and smoothly avoid the generation of secondary pollutants and squandering of resources.The reversibility of PCASs under CO_(2)control was explained by pH changes and macroscopic visualizations.The absorption effects of favorable absorbents and PCASs on dining lampblack were compared and analyzed.The fatty acid(FA)in the oil absorption mixture was desorbed by interacting with D230.The results of GC/MS analysis on the oil components separated by desorption showed that the desorption of PCASs was effective for these refractory oil components.FAs can be enriched and applied to the subsequent dining lampblack treatment link to realize the waste recycling.In addition,the absorption and desorption of oily components by PCASs were combined with the CO_(2)-controlled phase transformation of PCASs itself to achieve the absorption circulation of treating dining lampblack by using PCASs.
文摘This paper examines the food references in David Hume＇s writings--most notably the correspondence, the essays, and his historical narrative. It is in the latter that we find his culinary interests exhibited in a fair amount of detail----outlining a historiography of food. In fact, people discover a ＂subtext＂ of the history of food in Hume＇s general history of England. Discussed foodstuffs as raw （economic） commodities, food as it is prepared and brought to the table, and as part of a social ritual of manners. All these facets of food practices interested Hume throughout his life （1711-1776） and in his history of the British Isles （ca. 55 BCE to 1688）.
