AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR SOLVING THE MIXED DIRECT-INVERSE PROBLEM OF THE TRANSONIC ROTATIONAL FLOW IN PLANE CASCADES

The method in [1] has been extended to the case of rotational flow in this paper. A new method for dealing with the shock wave is presented. This method has the advantages of both the shock-fitting and the shock capturing methods. The direct problem and the mixed direct-inverse prob- lem of the rotational flow in a transonic plane cascade at both design and off design conditions are solved, and the results show that the present method has rapid convergence rate and high accuracy even for the flow with moderately strong shocks. The calculations have been carried out on the DPS-8 computer, and for the direct problem, only 50-80 iterations are needed, and 50-80 seconds of CPU time are required.

An extended iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method in thermo-fluid problems with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions

An iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method is extended and used to solve convection heat transfer problems.The pressure,momentum source,and heat source at immersed boundary points are calculated simultaneously to achieve the best coupling.Solutions of convection heat transfer problems with both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are presented.Two approaches for the implementation of Neumann boundary condition,i.e.direct and indirect methods,are introduced and compared in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency.Validation test cases include forced convection on a heated cylinder in an unbounded flow field and mixed convection around a circular body in a lid-driven cavity.Furthermore,the proposed method is applied to study the mixed convection around a heated rotating cylinder in a square enclosure with both iso-heat flux and iso-thermal boundary conditions.Computational results show that the order of accuracy of the indirect method is less than the direct method.However,the indirect method takes less computational time both in terms of the implementation of the boundary condition and the post processing time required to compute the heat transfer variables such as the Nusselt number.It is concluded that the iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method is a powerful technique for the solution of convection heat transfer problems with stationary/moving boundaries and various boundary conditions.

Self-directed learning readiness and social problem solving of nursing students in Macao

Objective The aims of this study were to describe nursing students′self-directed learning readiness and social problem solving and test their correlations in Macao.Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 140baccalaureate nursing students.A stratified random sampling was performed.The Self-directed Learning Readiness(SDLR)Scale and Chinese Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised(C-SPSI-R)were used.Results The response rate was 79.3%.Students possessed readiness for self-directed learning(mean 149.09±12.53,51.4%at high level,48.6%at low level).Regarding to social problem solving,the mean scores of each subscale were 9.35±3.25(Rational Problem Solving,RPS),10.26±3.23(Positive Problem Orientation,PPO),8.14±4.06(Negative Problem Orientation,NPO),5.67±4.44(Avoidance Style,AS),and 4.84±3.03(Impulsivity/Carelessness Style,ICS).SDLR was positively related to RPS and PPO,but was negatively related to AS.Conclusion Half of students possessed stronger readiness for self-directed learning.Students had a belief in the ability to solve problems,and adopted relevant strategies in solving problems.However,students still had negative and dysfunctional orientation and defective attempts in solving problems.Self-directed learning was positively related to positive and constructive orientation,but was negatively related to defective problem-solving pattern.Nurse educators should create educational climates for promoting student confidence and mutual responsibility for learning and their thinking process for problem solving.

Role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability among nursing students

Objective: Problem-solving should be a fundamental component of nursing education because It is a core ability for professional nurses. For more effective learning, nursing students must understand the relationship between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-directed learning readiness, problemsolving ability, and academic self-efficacy among undergraduate nursing students.Methods: From November to December 2016, research was conducted among 500 nursing undergraduate students in Tianjin, China,using a self-directed learning readiness scale, an academic self-efficacy scale, a questionnaire related to problem-solving, and selfdesigned demographics. The response rate was 85.8%.Results: For Chinese nursing students, self-directed learning readiness and academic self-efficacy reached a medium-to-high level,while problem-solving abilities were at a low level. There were significant positive correlations among the students' self-directed learning readiness, academic self-efficacy, and problem-solving ability. Furthermore, academic self-efficacy demonstrated a mediating effect on the relationship between the students' self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability.Conclusions: To enhance students' problem-solving ability, nursing educators should pay more attention to the positive impact of self-directed learning readiness and self-efficacy in nursing students' education.

Traditional Chinese Medicine in orthopaedics—Problems and future direction

Introduction: Orthopaedic surgery includes varieties of injuries and other pathologies. Treatments are complicated while healing and recovery take time. Rehabilitation needs planning and commitment. In the Chinese Communities, traditional medicine has been popular since hundreds of years ago and has remained so in spite of the current advances in medicine. The purpose of this review is to identify the techniques being used in current situations, the indications and problems. Varieties of Traditional Treatments: 1) Topical applications of herbs are very much welcome after joint sprains, inflammatory conditions and even fractures. 2) On the wide area of physical training, the Chinese Tai-chi and Qigong are excellent gentle exercises for personal pursues. These exercises emphasize on body-mind interactions and carry strong philosophical insights. 3) Acupuncture has become standard rehabilitation practice in some hospitals and is getting even more popular in pain control and rehabilitation training after nerve injuries. Problems: Topical agents for pain and inflammation are not totally safe because allergic adverse conditions could happen from time to time. The major concern could be the unawareness of non-unions or delayed unions in fracture cases after herbal applications because the traditional healers are using too little modern assessment tools. Physical trainings and acupunctures are on the whole safe, only that indications are not clearly defined. Future Direction: 1) Concerning the topical agents used for pain and swelling, the essential research requirements include demonstration on the topical agents’ anti inflammatory, angiogenic and cell regenerative effects. The capability of skin penetration needs to be confirmed and a final clinical trial will further confirm the efficacy. 2) Clinical researches trying to obtain evidence on the use of Tai-chi and Qigong on the neuromuscular recovery are plentiful, while their effects on cardiovascular and respiratory health are likewise encouraging. 3) Acupuncture has already become a standard treatment option for pain control, nausea/vomiting and neuromuscular recoveries.

A Direct Algorithm for the Vertical Generalized Complementarity Problem Associated with <i>P</i>-Matrices

We present a direct algorithm for solving the vertical generalized linear complementarity problem, first considered by Cottle and Dantzig, when the associated matrix is a vertical block P-matrix. The algorithm converges to a unique solution in a finite number of steps, without an assumption of nondegeneracy on the given problem. The algorithm is simple, efficient, and easy to implement.

Impact of self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude on problem-solving ability among Chinese undergraduate nursing students

Objective: To explore the effects of self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude on problem-solving ability among Chinese undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A convenience sampling of 460 undergraduate nursing students was surveyed in Tianjin, China. Students who participated in the study completed a questionnaire that included social demographic questionnaire, Self-directed Learning Readiness Scale, Attitude to Learning Scale, and Social Problem-Solving Inventory. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to test the correlations among problem-solving ability, self-directed learning readiness, and learning attitude. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of learning attitude. Results: The results showed that learning attitude (r=0.338, P<0.01) and self-directed learning readiness (r=0.493, P<0.01) were positively correlated with problem-solving ability. Learning attitude played a partial intermediary role between self-directed learning readiness and problem-solving ability (F=74.227, P<0.01). Conclusions: It is concluded that nursing educators should pay attention on students’ individual differences and take proper actions to inspire students’ self-directed learning readiness and learning attitude.

A Method for Normal Direction Judge Applied in Electrocardiographic Problem

Boundary Element Method (BEM) is widely used in electrocardiographic (ECG) problem. Formulations of these problems based on mathematical and numerical approximations of the known source in heart and the volume conductor that can transfer voltages on the surface of the body. To analyze the electric potentials on body surface or epicardial surface, a set of discrete equations derived from a boundary integral equations need to be solved. Solving these equations means to get the potential distribution eventually. In the process of solving, transfer matrix of discrete equations has received considerable attention, how to get an appropriate transfer matrix is an important issue. This paper found that the direction of normal vector could affect the results when calculating the transfer matrix and presents a method analogous to Mesh Current Method to deal with this direction problem. Several simulations have been carried out to verify the accurate results with the correct direction of normal vector using new method within a torso model given simultaneous epicardial and body surface potential recordings.

Greedy Randomized Gauss-Seidel Method with Oblique Direction

For the linear least squares problem with coefficient matrix columns being highly correlated, we develop a greedy randomized Gauss-Seidel method with oblique direction. Then the corresponding convergence result is deduced. Numerical examples demonstrate that our proposed method is superior to the greedy randomized Gauss-Seidel method and the randomized Gauss-Seidel method with oblique direction.

高效推进“十四五”末全面完成安徽省废弃矿山生态修复任务之路径

安徽省是矿业大省,长时间高强度的矿业活动对生态环境造成了损害。“十三五”以来安徽省投入大量人力、物力、财力对全省废弃矿山开展生态修复工作,生态效益、社会效益显著。本文对“十四五”2021—2023年6月间安徽省废弃矿山生态修复工作进行了全面评估,总结了取得的成效,分析了废弃矿山生态修复工作面临的问题,提出了2023—2025年下一步工作方向和实施路径。

博士生教育高质量发展:直博生的学术困局及破局路径解析

直博生已经成为我国博士生群体的重要组成部分之一。然而,直博生在博士攻读期间易陷入学术热情衰减、学术信念缺失、学术表现不佳的学术困局。该文基于质性研究方法,探究直博生陷入学术困局的原因。研究结果表明,入学动机杂糅和科研基础薄弱的个体学术背景、角色过渡不顺和高期待难以回应的角色失配、导师和朋辈互动障碍导致的社群嵌入水平低以及学术职业不确定性和非学术职业的广阔前景的劳动力市场因素介入是导致直博生陷入学术困局的主要原因。据此提出,以入学动机为直博生招考遴选的重点指标;加强本科教育阶段与博士教育阶段的有效衔接,建立针对直博生群体特质的独立培养体系,建设拓宽直博生职业发展路径的职业发展教育平台的破局路径。

非凸多分块优化的Bregman ADMM的收敛率研究

Wang等提出了求解带线性约束的多块可分非凸优化问题的带Bregman距离的交替方向乘子法(Bregman ADMM),并证明了其收敛性.该文将进一步研究求解带线性约束的多块可分非凸优化问题的Bregman ADMM的收敛率,以及算法产生的迭代点列有界的充分条件.在效益函数的Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz (KL)性质下,该文建立了值和迭代的收敛速率,证明了与目标函数相关的各种KL指数值可获得Bregman ADMM的三种不同收敛速度.更确切地说,该文证明了如下结果:如果效益函数的KL指数θ=0,那么由Bregman ADMM生成的序列经过有限次迭代后收敛;如果θ∈(0,1/2),那么Bregman ADMM是线性收敛的;如果θ∈(1/2,1),那么Bregman ADMM是次线性收敛的.

特深科学钻探装备技术现状与发展建议

特深科学钻探是直接获取地球深部信息的唯一技术手段,对于深入理解地球内部结构、探索地下资源具有重要意义,已上升为国家战略科技问题。为响应党中央“向地球深部进军”的号召,需大力推进对特深科学钻探装备技术的研发。本文简要回顾了国内外特深科学钻探装备技术发展历程,结合我国发展需求,梳理总结了特深科学钻探中顶驱、绞车、钻井泵等关键装备面临的技术难题,并在此基础上提出了发展方向及展望,为我国特深科学钻探工程发展提供参考。

新时代高校劳动教育的逻辑走向、存在问题和实践进路

新时代的劳动教育承担人的价值实现、全面发展、自我觉醒的功能。人工智能作为标志性技术给当前的教育生态带来巨大冲击,劳动教育需要快速精准作出变革。新时代劳动教育在内涵、育人理念和育人目标上有新的逻辑走向,对高校劳动教育提出新的要求。新时代高校劳动教育,可采取以下实践进路:抓根本——新时代劳动教育要抓思想建设,强基本——新时代劳动教育要“守正”“创新”展开实践,重评价——科学评价倒逼劳动教育改革,聚合力——统筹各方力量构建新时代劳动教育协同育人平台。

论中国共产党推进马克思主义理论创新的基本经验

中国共产党自成立之日起,一直高度重视马克思主义理论创新,形成了马克思主义中国化时代化的重大理论成果。中国共产党推进马克思主义理论创新的基本经验可总结为:一是实践立场,立足中国实际是理论创新的基础,解决现实问题是理论创新的起点,与时俱进是理论创新的动力;二是问题导向,理论创新要有鲜明的问题意识,研究真问题,解决人民的实际问题;三是边界意识,学术问题与政治问题要保持相对的独立性,理论创新的普遍性与特殊性要区别对待,还要“有所为”“有所不为”;四是未来指向,理论创新要体现世界向度,彰显民族特色,力求前瞻性;五是科学表述,理论创新的表述方式要杜绝形式主义,要呈体系化,为未来的理论创新留有空间。

教育数字化视域下精准教学的问题审视及纾解路径

精准教学是个性化教学和差异化教学的宗旨,是依托智能技术精准把握学习者个体差异与个性发展诉求的基础上,实施针对性教学的一种个性化教学范式,教育数字化为科学化、精准化、个性化的精准教学提供了技术支撑。精准教学能够满足学习者的个性化学习需求,规避教育者的随意化评价风险,推动教育研究范式的科学转向。然而,从当前的实践情况来看,精准教学面临主体身份的偏位、教育情感的疏离、技术伦理的失范。纾解教育数字化视域下精准教学的困境,要理性回归教育本质以正位主体身份,积极唤醒教育情感以破解情感危机,调适教育伦理机制以规范技术伦理,从而保障精准教学行稳致远。

内蒙古设施蔬菜产业发展现状及对策

内蒙古地处中国的北方,是我国重要的蔬菜生产基地。为了推动内蒙古设施蔬菜产业高质量发展,从区域布局、设施面积、设施类型、规模化设施园区分布、主导蔬菜种类、产量、效益及设施蔬菜配套高效生产技术等方面阐述内蒙古设施蔬菜产业发展现状,探讨内蒙古设施蔬菜建设存在的设施结构落后,生产水平低;设施环境调控技术能力不足;配套设备老旧,机械化、智能化水平低;设施农业规模小,产业链不健全等问题,并针对问题,因地制宜地提出完善设施蔬菜产业发展的对策建议,包括建立标准化设施基地、推进全产业链标准化生产技术、生产过程轻简化和病虫害防控绿色化。

电子电气产品有害物质合规管理有效性探讨

介绍了欧盟RoHS合规性现状,以及欧盟对于电子电气产品有害物质的相关监管要求,结合第三方审核实践,提出了当前企业有害物质合规管理的几个普遍问题,并从风险控制的角度提出有效实施和优化有害物质风险管控的意见和建议。

新文科背景下高校教师队伍建设——问题识别、应然逻辑及实践路向

随着“六卓越一拔尖”计划2.0的启动,新文科建设开始全面推进。在建设过程中,高校教师是重要支撑、核心保障和关键环节。高校教师迎来了教育改革和优化发展的时代新机遇,同样面临着高水平教学能力、高标准学术要求及多学科协同专业素养的全新挑战。基于此,首先揭示了高校教师队伍建设对新文科建设和发展的重大意义;其次科学识别了高校教师在新文科建设过程中存在的实际问题;最后通过细致剖析高校教师发展的应然逻辑,从教师、高校及国家三个层面提出优化发展的实践路向。

国土变更调查在自然资源监测中的作用

旨在探讨国土变更调查在自然资源监测中的重要作用。首先,介绍了国土变更调查和自然资源监测的背景和意义;接着,分析了当前存在的问题,并提出了解决这些问题的方法;最后,总结了国土变更调查对于自然资源监测的积极影响,并展望了未来的发展方向。