采用样地调查和取样,研究了2008年初中国南方冰雪灾害对粤北天然次生林的损害特征及其产生的林冠残体量。结果表明,灾害对粤北天然林造成严重损害,林木受害特征主要是胸径较大的植株断枝、断梢和断干较多,胸径较小的容易压弯,坡度大的...采用样地调查和取样,研究了2008年初中国南方冰雪灾害对粤北天然次生林的损害特征及其产生的林冠残体量。结果表明,灾害对粤北天然林造成严重损害,林木受害特征主要是胸径较大的植株断枝、断梢和断干较多,胸径较小的容易压弯,坡度大的林分翻蔸受害率增加。灾后林地林冠残体总量为38.12~43.52 t hm-2,平均41.25 t hm-2;地表凋落叶11.79~12.87 t hm-2,平均12.47 t hm-2;灾害产生的枝、干木质残体量为24.27~30.65 thm-2,平均28.41 t hm-2。天然常绿阔叶林产生的林冠残体量较常绿与落叶混交林和杉木人工林大,造成林地林冠残体量骤增,一方面使林地存在严重安全隐患（如发生火灾和病虫害的风险增加）,另一方面大量的林冠残体归还林地、改变了森林生态系统的结构与功能。展开更多
The unprecedented disaster of low temperature and persistent rain, snow, and ice storms, causing widespread freezing in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China in January 2008, is not a local or regional event, but...The unprecedented disaster of low temperature and persistent rain, snow, and ice storms, causing widespread freezing in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China in January 2008, is not a local or regional event, but a part of the chain events of large-scale low temperature and snow storms in the same period in Asia. The severity and impacts of the southern China 2008 freezing disaster were the most significant among others. This disastrous event was characterized by three major features： （1） snowfall, freezing rain, and rainfall, the three forms of precipitation, coexisted with freezing rain being the dominant producer responsible for the disaster; （2） low temperature, rain and snow, and freezing rain exhibited extremely great intensity, with record-breaking measurements observed for eight meteorological variables based on the statistics made by China National Climate Center and the provincial meteorological services in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China; （3） the disastrous weathers persisted for an exceptionally long time period, unrecorded before in the meteorological observation history of China. The southern China 2008 freezing disaster may be resulted from multiple different factors that superimpose on and interlink with one another at the right time and place. Among them, the La Nina situation is a climate background that provided conducive conditions for the intrusions of cold air into southern China; the persistent anomaly of the atmospheric circulation in Eurasia is the direct cause for a succession of cold air incursions into southern China; and the northward transport of warm and moist airflows from the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea finally warranted the formation of the freezing rain and snow storms and their prolonged dominance in the southern areas of China. A preliminary discussion of a possible association of this disastrous event with the global warming is presented. This event may be viewed as a short-term regional perturbation to the global warming. There is not any possibility for this event to divert the long-term trend and the overall pattern of the global warming.展开更多
文摘采用样地调查和取样,研究了2008年初中国南方冰雪灾害对粤北天然次生林的损害特征及其产生的林冠残体量。结果表明,灾害对粤北天然林造成严重损害,林木受害特征主要是胸径较大的植株断枝、断梢和断干较多,胸径较小的容易压弯,坡度大的林分翻蔸受害率增加。灾后林地林冠残体总量为38.12~43.52 t hm-2,平均41.25 t hm-2;地表凋落叶11.79~12.87 t hm-2,平均12.47 t hm-2;灾害产生的枝、干木质残体量为24.27~30.65 thm-2,平均28.41 t hm-2。天然常绿阔叶林产生的林冠残体量较常绿与落叶混交林和杉木人工林大,造成林地林冠残体量骤增,一方面使林地存在严重安全隐患（如发生火灾和病虫害的风险增加）,另一方面大量的林冠残体归还林地、改变了森林生态系统的结构与功能。
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No.2009CB421406the Research Program for the excellent Ph.D dissertation in the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.40523001.
文摘The unprecedented disaster of low temperature and persistent rain, snow, and ice storms, causing widespread freezing in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China in January 2008, is not a local or regional event, but a part of the chain events of large-scale low temperature and snow storms in the same period in Asia. The severity and impacts of the southern China 2008 freezing disaster were the most significant among others. This disastrous event was characterized by three major features： （1） snowfall, freezing rain, and rainfall, the three forms of precipitation, coexisted with freezing rain being the dominant producer responsible for the disaster; （2） low temperature, rain and snow, and freezing rain exhibited extremely great intensity, with record-breaking measurements observed for eight meteorological variables based on the statistics made by China National Climate Center and the provincial meteorological services in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China; （3） the disastrous weathers persisted for an exceptionally long time period, unrecorded before in the meteorological observation history of China. The southern China 2008 freezing disaster may be resulted from multiple different factors that superimpose on and interlink with one another at the right time and place. Among them, the La Nina situation is a climate background that provided conducive conditions for the intrusions of cold air into southern China; the persistent anomaly of the atmospheric circulation in Eurasia is the direct cause for a succession of cold air incursions into southern China; and the northward transport of warm and moist airflows from the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea finally warranted the formation of the freezing rain and snow storms and their prolonged dominance in the southern areas of China. A preliminary discussion of a possible association of this disastrous event with the global warming is presented. This event may be viewed as a short-term regional perturbation to the global warming. There is not any possibility for this event to divert the long-term trend and the overall pattern of the global warming.
