Dialogue on standards:directions and difficulties of standardization discipline construction

To probe into the directions and difficulties of standardization discipline construction in China,China Standardization Press organized a pertinent dialogue on July 10.During the event,Yu Xinli,President of China Association for Standardization,was invited as the moderator.Several standardization experts including Song Mingshun,Mai Lyubo,Qiang Yi,Cao Lili,and Huang Manxue from the China Standardization Expert Committee and renowned universities and research institutes in the country were invited as guests to give their insightful views.

Value and Measures of Integrating Local Red Culture into the Ideological and Political Course of Environmental Disciplines under the OBE Concept

Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training applied talents of environmental disciplines in the new era.This educational model makes an innovation on the traditional educational and teaching concepts and centers on students.This paper analyzes the value of integrating local red culture into the ideological and political course under the OBE concept,and puts forward an effective implementation path.

Does Financial Globalization Discipline Macroeconomic Policies

Using the unbalanced panel data of 160 countries from 1970 to 2007,we employ inflation and the budget deficit as proxies for monetary policy and fiscal policy,respectively,and study whether financial globalization has discipline effects on these macroeconomic policies.The empirical results in our study suggest a significant discipline effect of financial globalization on monetary policy during the entire sample period,which is robust both to de jure and to de facto measures of financial openness.Our sub-sample investigations demonstrate that financial globalization reduces inflation only in higher-middle-income and high-income countries,and when financial globalization is scaled by the proportion of a country’s foreign assets and liabilities to its GDP,the discipline is evident only after 1988.Nevertheless,we do not demonstrate any evidence of financial globalization’s discipline effect on fiscal policy.The empirical results indicate that financial globalization even increases the budget deficit in certain countries and periods.

Construction and Development of the National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Drama and Film and Television Disciplines

Taking the National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of the Central Academy of Drama as an example,this article explores the construction and development of the National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for the practical teaching of drama and film and television disciplines.The article first introduces the background and importance of the demonstration center and then analyzes in depth the construction content and achievements of the demonstration center from four aspects:practical teaching philosophy,practical teaching system,practical teaching resources,and practical teaching effects.Finally,the article summarizes the experience and shortcomings of the demonstration center and proposes future development directions and suggestions.

International Politics of Western Literary Theory:Literary Theory as Doctrine and as Discipline

European literary criticism was rapidly transformed into literary theory through the United States after Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s textbook Theory of Literary Theory by Harcourt,Brace and Co.(1949).Within a short period of time,American new criticism,European psychoanalysis,semiotics,structuralism,hermeneutics,deconstructivism,and so on,as well as the western Marxism,feminism,new historicism,post-colonial criticism,and cultural studies,all the critical methods little referenced to postwar Western ideology and Soviet Ideology,and are even known for their profound criticism of some problems in capitalist society.These intuitively scientific or neutral literary theories flourished during the Cold War years that contained the Soviet Union.During this period,“political correctness”not only influenced the direction of social development in the West,but also directly influenced the academic pattern and the development trend of universities at that time,so that“literary criticism”,which was originally only based on personal experience,benefited and became“literary theory”in the discipline and curriculum system.As a result,the discipline of literary theory,which benefited from the Cold War pattern,is often in conflict with the specific literary theory that transcends ideology.However,the Cold War ended with the failure of the Soviet Union and its socialist realism theory system,and the western literary theory unexpectedly gained full legitimacy like Fukuyama’s“the end of history”.In the post-Cold War era,Western literary critics reasonably expanded the controversial theories and this has become the most concerned topic for 30 years.Thus,the international politics of the disguised Western literary theory was highlighted.Such Western literary theory has been generalized in China in the last 40 years,because Chinese academic yet has not understood the difference between theory as discipline and theory as doctrine,even anti-western in recent years.

Research on Integrating Data Assets Into Accounting Discipline System

As data is incorporated into production factors,the Accounting discipline should intensively study the new data asset.Starting from the analysis of the value attribute,right attribute,and relationship attribute of the data,it is found that under certain conditions,the data has complete Accounting attributes and can be included in the assets.The Accounting discipline shall establish the research direction of Data Asset Accounting and focus on the research,including the recognition and measurement of data assets,the value evaluation of data assets,information disclosure,and Data Asset Accounting standards.Data assets are facing the major challenge of integrating into the Accounting discipline.We can carry out the Accounting professional reform and textbook construction facing the practice of data assets management from the aspects of theoretical construction,talent training,and industry research cooperation.

新商科的理论内涵、运行逻辑和实践路径

新商科是构建中国特色商科理论,回应时代之问,培育新时代商科人才的关键学科,是我国打造世界水平、中国特色文科人才培养体系的重大战略举措。文章阐释了新商科的理论内涵,揭示了新商科的运行逻辑,描绘了新商科的实践路径,并提出要直面新形势、新问题、新竞争、新要求和新目标,从打造中国特色新商科、构建商科教育新体系、拓展商科教育新视野、培育商科领域新人才、推动商科教育新发展五方面,加速中国特色、世界一流新商科的理论构建和新商科教育的高质量发展。

西部某大型综合医院学科建设SWOT分析及推进策略

加强学科建设是提升医院核心竞争力的重要抓手。通过系统梳理学科建设相关政策文件,基于SWOT分析法,从优势、劣势、挑战和机遇4个方面,对西部某大型三级甲等综合医院的学科建设展开剖析,总结近年来学科建设取得的成效,提出推动学科建设的重点举措与策略,为布局学科发展规划,擘画学科建设蓝图,实现学科跨越式发展提供参考。

交叉与边界——论信息资源管理跨学科发展策略

“图书情报与档案管理”一级学科更名为“信息资源管理”后,学科发展路径、策略等面临着新一轮调整。多元化发展是信息资源管理学科建设的重要方向之一,在跨学科交叉融合中坚守学科内核、把握学科本质是学科发展的关键。基于对学科前沿研究成果和科研项目的研究人员学科分布情况,以及高校学科专业设置和人才培养体系等的调研结果,梳理信息资源管理跨学科发展现状与脉络,探究信息资源管理跨学科交叉融合的边界,总结当前学科交叉态势及问题,进而提出以“固本、守界、拓域”为信息资源管理学科跨学科发展的策略。

论中国教育学自主知识体系建设

中国教育学学科成熟、学术繁荣和话语自觉的标志,是形成了自主的知识体系。百余年来,作为“西学东渐”产物的中国教育学经历了多次推倒重来的发展,但始终将民族性与继承性作为自主知识建构的主线,将时代性与原创性作为学科知识发展的动力,将系统性与专业性作为学科获得认同的基础。新中国成立70多年来,教育的民生属性、战略属性和政治属性随时代变迁而日益凸显。中国教育学自主知识体系由学科体系、学术体系、话语体系、教材体系、治理体系构成。具体而言,在内容形态上由标识性概念、核心知识和前沿知识构成;在生产机制上由学科、学派、学会和学术刊物构成;在转化应用上由实践知识、政策知识和教育思想构成。教育学的中国特色源于中国教育传统、中国教育实践和中国教育问题,建基于学科自觉、学术自律和文化自信。要处理好中国特色与普遍知识的辩证关系,夯实学科体系的基座,激发学术体系的原创性,增强教材体系的导向性,提高治理体系的有效性,让中国教育学“说得出”“用得上”“传得开”“叫得响”,为教育强国建设提供思想先导和理论支撑。

“择智”与“择志”:对强基计划人才选拔效果的实证研究

随着强基计划的实施与推进,如何从实证层面分析基础学科拔尖创新人才选拔效果成为愈发重要的现实课题。基于强基计划某试点高校2020—2023年四届本科新生调查数据,采用定量为主、质性为辅的方法,从“智”和“志”两个维度比较强基学生与同届同院系高考统招学生的异同。研究发现:从“智”的角度看,强基生的高考成绩显著低于同年级同院系的统招生,但能力素养自评显著高于统招生;从“志”的角度看,理工科院系强基生对专业了解程度更高,文科强基生的专业兴趣显著更低,但整体的学历预期及从事科研工作的意愿皆显著高于统招生。基于上述实证结果,本研究从国家和高校两个层面对拔尖创新人才的选拔提出政策建议。

面向能源环境领域研究生育人生态构建与实践——以山西大学能源环境学科群教育教学改革为例

基于教育生态理论,立足山西能源大省的产业特色,山西大学发挥综合类大学能源环境领域多学科优势,提出“能力为基、创新为本、服务需求、回归工程”的研究生教育理念,组建由能源动力、环境工程、控制工程等学科构成的学科群,形成学缘结构互补的导师团队,开展教育教学改革。通过整合多方资源,搭建贯通政产学研用的载体,探索出“学生中心、四方联动、平台支撑、四位一体”的研究生育人生态,打造了服务产业升级和区域经济转型的政产学用的县域“襄垣模式”和产学研用的“大地模式”,培育了一批适应产业发展的复合创新型人才,社会影响广泛深远。这一育人生态不仅为资源型经济转型发展提供了人才支持,也为地方高校“政产学研用”共融提供了示范样本。

区县级医院学科发展竞争力指标体系研究

目的:构建一套科学实用的区县级医院学科发展竞争力评价指标。方法:基于PEST+SWOT分析法探索区县级医院学科发展关键要素及其运行机制,初筛学科发展竞争力指标体系;运用德尔菲法开展两轮专家咨询确定指标体系及权重。结果:该指标体系包括一级指标4个维度(医院管理及综合实力、人才队伍建设、科研创新、教育培训)、二级指标16个、三级指标38个。两轮专家咨询积极系数均为100%,各指标评分变异系数CV值均<0.2,专家协调程度较高,专家权威系数分别为0.94和0.91;各指标第二轮专家评分均值>3.8,大多数指标得分4以上。结论:经专家反馈和统计检验,该指标体系具备科学性和实用性。

某地市级公立医院学科与人才队伍建设的实践探索

随着医药卫生体制改革的深入和建立现代医院管理体系的要求,公立医院的建设与发展已从规模扩张逐步向追求内涵质量转变。学科建设与人才培养是公立医院工作的重中之重,是促进医院高质量发展的重要抓手,能直接提升医院的核心竞争力和区域影响力。近年来,某地市级公立医院积极推动学科与人才队伍建设,在学科排名体系、“三尺”长效质控模型、医疗技术全流程闭环管理、科主任目标管理、引进外聘学科带头人、培养中青年优秀骨干人才等方面做了许多探索性的工作,取得了显著成效。这些创新性举措的实施使医院不断提升学科管理水平,持续推进高质量发展。

面向模式Ⅲ推进计算高等教育学学科建设

生成式人工智能等新技术突破为计算高等教育学学科发展带来历史性机遇,但传统计算社会学科的发展道路并不完全适用于计算高等教育学学科发展。根据学科建设模式的不同,传统计算社会科学可以概括为以计算语言学为代表的母学科全程参与计算社会科学分支学科建设的模式Ⅰ和以计算社会学与计算经济学为代表的母学科基于方法创新带动计算类交叉学科建设的模式Ⅱ。有别于模式Ⅰ、模式Ⅱ规律,计算高等教育学以母学科为分支学科提供大量数据及应用场景支持,可概括为模式Ⅲ。面向模式Ⅲ开展计算高等教育学学科建设应以高等教育学为中心,全面启动计算高等教育学学科建设;以应用场景为核心,全面推进教育研究与管理人员角色转变;以院校研究为重心,全面推动研究对象与研究方法向中微观层面下沉。

从“外嵌”走向“内生”:高校课程思政深化的实践取径

我国高校课程思政建设在全面深化过程中必须认清实践取径的立场与走势问题。早期课程思政实践取径曾存在“两张皮”或“脱嵌”的问题,其生成逻辑有着特定的观念根源、实践诱因与价值基础。“脱嵌型”课程思政因其立场偏误引发了一系列教育实践风险。新时代高校课程思政实践深化的路向是从“外嵌”走向“内生”,并将由此带来课程思政实践境界提升。而作为内生型课程思政实践取径的现实着力点,包括:重新审视“意识+能力”作为推动课程思政“双核动力”;突破趋同化壁垒,落地落实专业课程分类推进思路,以特色求实效;用大爱照亮课堂“主渠道”,引领课堂教学回归育人本质。

综合医院资源整合型学科建设的实践与探讨

以中山大学附属第三医院围绕脑疾病的诊疗研究工作,以学科群形式组建精神与神经疾病研究中心(脑病中心)为案例,介绍综合医院资源整合学科建设模式,并按照资源整合建设思路,结合中心建设实践从学科方向、学科平台、学科任务、学科人才、学科管理五个学科建设要素开展探讨,同时对中心建设过程中面临的问题与挑战进行分析和讨论。

面向国家能源战略需求的卓越工程人才培养新体系构建与实践

行业特色高校由其办学属性决定,在培养卓越工程师等高端人才方面具有得天独厚的优势。中国石油大学(北京)作为一所油气能源特色高校,面对保障国家能源安全和能源战略转型发展双重使命挑战,坚持“强优、拓新、创一流”的学科建设思路,构建了学科发展新格局,以此为龙头,依托产学研合作办学优势,打造“思政引领、创新驱动、融合发展”的工程人才培养新模式,并建立了“内部保证、外部认证、智能赋能”的教育教学质量保障体系,取得了显著的人才培养成效,其创新成果具有较大的应用推广价值。

新文科背景下管理学科拔尖创新人才培养模式研究

管理学科人才培养模式改革和创新是新文科建设的重要内容,也是国家战略和社会发展的必然要求。文章从新文科背景下管理学科拔尖创新人才培养新内涵出发,探讨了人才培养的逻辑与路径。进而,结合笔者教学改革实践工作,提出了一套“一二三”式培养理念,即以国家和社会需求以及学科和产业发展趋势为导向,充分利用教育资源与国际高水平学术交流两个平台,以德育知识、专业知识和素质拓展三个模块协同培养,并从课程创新、科研创新、实践创新角度构建了“六位一体”人才培养模式。

新医科建设的制度分析

新医科是医学发展到新发展阶段的产物,具有新发展阶段的鲜明特征,特别是以学科交叉融合为特征的人才培养和学术研究方面。新医科建设大体可分为建制化和非建制化两种主要途径。建制化途径强调设立专门的交叉学科、专业和机构开展人才培养和科学研究,非建制化途径则是面向更多的不特定群体,以招生指标、科研项目等形式来带动。从全国高校新医科建设的实践看,建制化方式是主要渠道,是推进新医科的主要依托。