Application of sparse S transform network with knowledge distillation in seismic attenuation delineation

Time-frequency analysis is a successfully used tool for analyzing the local features of seismic data.However,it suffers from several inevitable limitations,such as the restricted time-frequency resolution,the difficulty in selecting parameters,and the low computational efficiency.Inspired by deep learning,we suggest a deep learning-based workflow for seismic time-frequency analysis.The sparse S transform network(SSTNet)is first built to map the relationship between synthetic traces and sparse S transform spectra,which can be easily pre-trained by using synthetic traces and training labels.Next,we introduce knowledge distillation(KD)based transfer learning to re-train SSTNet by using a field data set without training labels,which is named the sparse S transform network with knowledge distillation(KD-SSTNet).In this way,we can effectively calculate the sparse time-frequency spectra of field data and avoid the use of field training labels.To test the availability of the suggested KD-SSTNet,we apply it to field data to estimate seismic attenuation for reservoir characterization and make detailed comparisons with the traditional time-frequency analysis methods.

Production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller's grains

Abstract： Daqu distiller＇s grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils, which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development. The single factor tests were used to investigate the effects of ratio of strains, inoculum size, culture temperature and culture time on the production of microbial oils. The best processing conditions were obtained by orthogonal test through measuring the content of microbial oils in product. The result shows that the microbial oils content of the co-fermented product under the ratio of Trichoderma.koningii to Trichosporon cutaneum of 1：1, the inoculum size of strains of 11% at 28 ℃ for 6 d is 7.15 g/L. It is shown that the production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller＇s grains is possible. The research provides a new idea for the reuse of Daqu distiller＇s grains and also provides a new way for the development of microbial oils.

Effects of Organic Fertilizers Made from Distiller＇s Grains on the Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco

Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different organic fertilizers made from distiller＇s grains on the physiological characteristics and growth of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the agronomic traits and biomass of flue-cured tobacco in the three treatments were higher than that of the control group,and the mixed application of different organic fertilizers made from distiller＇s grains and compound fertilizer could promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco significantly.

Effects of Distiller's Grain Substrate with Acid Regulation on the Growth of Tobacco Seedlings in Floating Breeding System

In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substrates on the growth of tobacco seedlings were studied to find out the method of cultivating high-quality tobacco seedlings by using distiller s grain substrate. The results showed that when 60% of humic acid was added to the distiller s grain substrate made from coarse distiller s grains, fine distiller s grains, perlite and vermiculite, both the pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly and were similar to that of the conventional substrate. Moreover, the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings, the rate of strong tobacco seedlings, leaf number, stem height, root growth and quality of tobacco seedlings were good.

Effects of liquid feeding of corn condensed distiller's solubles and whole stillage on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and sensory traits of pigs

Background： The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller＇s solubles（CCDS） and whole stillage（CWS） on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.Methods： A total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW（13.5 ± 2.5 kg）, and pens of pigs（8 pigs/pen） were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments（8 pens/treatment）： 1） corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2） 25%CWS ＋ 5% CCDS, 3） 19.5% CWS ＋ 10.5% CCDS, and 4） 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS ＋ 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1（28 d）, 2（38 d）, and 3（60 d）, respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.Results： Control pigs had greater（P 0.10） dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced（P 0.10） the overall like,flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.Conclusion： In conclusion, our results indicate that including 30–50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller＇s solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.

Anticlastogenic Effect of Redistilled Cow's Urine Distillate in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes Challenged With Manganese Dioxide and Hexavalent Chromium

Objective To study the anticlastogenic effect of redistilled cow＇s urine distillate （RCUD） in human peripheral lymphocytes （HLC） challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium. Methods The anticlastogenic activity of redistilled cow＇s urine distillate was studied in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes （HPNLs） and human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium as established genotoxicants and clastogens which could cause induction of DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus. Three different levels of RCUD： 1 μL/mL, 50 μL/mL and 100 μL/mL, were used in the study. Results Manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium caused statistically significant DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation, which could be protected by redisfilled cow＇s urine distillate. Conclusion The redistilled cow＇s urine distillate posseses strong anfigenotoxic and antielastogenic properties against HPNLs and HLC treated with Cr^＋6 and MnO2. This property is mainly due to the antioxidants present in RCUD.

Effective Sodium Metabisulfite (Na₂S₂O₅), HCl, Sulfur and Distilled Water for the Removal of Pb, Zn and Cr Contaminated Soil in the Columns Method

This paper presents an evaluation of different dose of Sodium Metabisulfite (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water for the removal of soil contaminated with Pb, Zn and Cr by the column mode. The field soil contained concentrations of Pb (307.31 mg⋅kg−1), Zn (207.77 mg⋅kg−1) and Cr (447.50 mg⋅kg−1). Both (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water were found to be effective on removing (Na2S2O5) Pb, Cr and Zn respectively. (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl) Cr, Zn and Pb respectively. Sulfur Pb, Cr and Zn respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 10.35% - 26%, 3.4% - 21.60% and 4.97% - 23.88% for (0.01 M Na2S2O5 respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 16.13% - 20.07%, 8.20% - 23.48%, 5.42% - 28.93% for (0.01 M Na2S2O5 + 0.1 M HCl) respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 10.20% - 25.5%, 9.55% - 25.13% and 6.04% - 25.54% for (S) respectively.

柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油化学成分GC-MS分析

分析鉴定柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油化学成分,为其全面开发利用提供科学依据。采用了水蒸气蒸馏法提取2批柳叶蜡梅叶中挥发性化学成分,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS1)联用技术对其化学成分进行了分离鉴定。2批样品均分离了29个峰并鉴定出其中25个组分,用面积归一化法测得其相对质量百分含量占挥发性化学成分总含量的分别为92.43%与92.25%。主要成分是:反式-(+)-5蒈烷醇(61.45%,61.57%)、α-蒎烯(5.42%,5.32%)、(Z)-2-(3,3-二甲基亚环己烯基)乙醇(1.58%,1.56%)、1,4-对孟二烯(2.12%,2.04%)、罗勒烯(1.84,1.86%)、石竹烯(1.66%,1.61%)、芳樟醇(1.34%,1.22%)等。得出柳叶蜡梅在食用、药用及香料工业应用上,具有较大的开发潜力。

温度和TS对小麦酒糟厌氧发酵产气性能的影响

在温度为30℃、35℃、40℃、45℃、50℃,TS分别为6%、8%和10%的条件下,研究了小麦酒糟厌氧发酵过程中的pH值变化和气产率。结果表明,各实验条件下,发酵液pH值均呈现出先下降后升高的趋势,基质浓度通过改变反应混合物的pH值来间接影响发酵的反应过程,同一温度下,TS越高越容易出现酸化;不同温度下,TS对产气率的影响较大,温度40℃时的产气率远高于其他温度,且不同TS浓度下的产气率相差较大。在本实验条件下,温度为40℃、TS为6%是小麦酒糟厌氧发酵的最适宜条件。

UASB反应器处理酒精废水的启动方法

采用UASB反应器处理酒精废水,用城市污水处理厂厌氧消化污泥接种,运用恰当的启动方法,可缩短启动时间并快速形成颗粒污泥,取得了较好的处理效果。

异构反应-分子蒸馏分离合成O,S-二甲基硫代磷酰胺

对O,O-二甲基硫代磷酰胺催化异构-分子蒸馏合成O,S-二甲基硫代磷酰胺的工艺进行了研究。得到了异构反应-分子蒸馏分离的优化工艺条件：反应温度40～50℃,反应时间3 h,蒸馏温度90～100℃,操作压力20～40 Pa。10 t/a中试装置运行表明：将分子蒸馏分离得到的原料重新异构得到O,S-二甲基硫代磷酰胺的质量分数与总收率分别为92.8%、94.2%。

重质馏分油对S Zorb吸附脱硫影响分析

介绍了惠州石化2.4 Mt/a S Zorb汽油吸附脱硫装置,在催化裂化装置稳定塔底重沸器发生泄漏,导致少量重质馏分油混入催化裂化稳定汽油时对吸附脱硫工艺的影响。尽管少量重质馏分油的存在对催化裂化汽油的终馏点影响不大,但重质馏分油中含有的大分子硫化物使得脱硫变得更加困难,并且催化裂化汽油的胶质含量大幅增加,超过5 mg/(100 mL),50%,70%馏出温度均出现明显升高,升高幅度分别为4.9,6.9℃,汽油原料颜色从无色透明转变为浅黄色透明。为保证精制汽油硫含量的合格,S Zorb脱硫过程需要更苛刻的操作条件,如:提高再生强度和吸附剂循环量、增大氢油比、降低反应重时空速等,也必然导致辛烷值损失增加。

STUDY ON MUTAGENIC AND TERATOGENITIC OF RAPESEED MEAL′S SOY

The mutagenicity and teratogenicity of rape-seed meal’s soy were identified by using twotests.The rapeseed meal’s soy which con-tained 50ppm of glucosinolate and other de-leterious ingrediente was diluted to 1g/mlby distilled water as the subject.

常减压装置塔顶HCl-H_(2)S-H_(2)O防腐研究进展

常减压装置是石油化工中腐蚀最严重的设备之一,本文即针对常减压装置塔顶HCl-H_(2)S-H_(2)O腐蚀成因及特点,综述预防HCl-H_(2)S-H_(2)O腐蚀的基本方法及研究现状。为常减压塔顶防腐提供措施及相关建议。并对常减压蒸馏塔顶防腐前景进行展望。

酒糟蛋白替代豆粕对九斤黄鸡生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响

[目的]研究不同比例的湿磨预处理去壳酱香型酒糟蛋白(wet milling pretreated and dehulled-moutai distiller's grains, WDMDG)替代豆粕对九斤黄鸡生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响,为WDMDG替代豆粕提供科学依据。[方法]选取1日龄健康九斤黄公雏450只,随机分为3组,每组设3个重复,每个重复50只鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ和试验Ⅱ组分别在基础日粮中添加5%、8%WDMDG等营养替代豆粕,试验为期26 d,分别测定九斤黄鸡平均日增质量、平均日采食量、料重比和死淘率,并对九斤黄鸡血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮含量、谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活力和IgG、IgA、lgM水平进行测定。[结果]与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ和试验Ⅱ组九斤黄鸡的各项生产性能均没有显著差异,试验Ⅰ和试验Ⅱ组鸡血清中尿素氮含量分别提高了4.88%(P>0.05)和19.51%(P<0.05),各组鸡血清中总蛋白、白蛋白含量、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力及IgG、IgA和IgM水平差异均不显著。[结论]在九斤黄鸡日粮中采用5%WDMDG等营养替代基础日粮中部分豆粕,对其日增质量、料重比、死淘率、血清生化指标和免疫指标均无显著负面影响。

深共熔溶剂提取酒糟多酚类物质及其体外抗氧化、降血糖活性研究

为了充分利用酒糟中多酚类活性成分资源,首先从10种深共熔溶剂中筛选最适宜酒糟多酚类物质提取的体系组合,采用响应曲面法优化深共熔溶剂提取酒糟多酚的工艺,运用高效液相色谱分析酒糟多酚类物质,并评估酒糟多酚体外抗氧化和降血糖活性。结果表明,酒糟多酚最佳的深共熔溶剂体系为氯化胆碱-果糖,最佳提取工艺为深共熔溶剂含水率41%,提取时间31 min,液料比31∶1(mL∶g),提取温度40℃,在此条件下酒糟多酚含量为(6.28±0.18)mg GAE/g。并且在检测的酚类物质中,对香豆酸含量(466.7±0.20)μg/g最高,占7种酚类物质的30%左右。酒糟多酚清除羟自由基、DPPH自由基和ABTS阳离子自由基的IC_(50)值分别为0.886、0.291、0.302 mg/mL,结合抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活力的IC_(50)值分别为0.938和2.329 mg/mL,表明酒糟多酚具有较强抗氧化和降血糖能力。深共熔溶剂提取酒糟多酚切实可行,并且酒糟多酚提取物具有较强的体外抗氧化和降血糖活性。

酒糟添加对芝麻香型白酒堆积工艺微生物的影响

用模拟芝麻香型白酒固态发酵工艺的方法,探究加入酒糟后,糟醅中主要微生物的相互作用以及糟醅理化指标与风味物质的变化,并对堆积糟醅降酸现象以及酒糟与高梁的不同比例进行进一步探究。实验结果表明,经过测序可知酵母属(Saccharomyces)、毕赤酵母属(Pichia)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)是芝麻香型白酒糟醅堆积发酵阶段主要微生物属;经过单菌与混菌堆积发酵实验表明,酒糟的添加对酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces.cerevisiae)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)抑制作用较为明显,对库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母(Pichia.kudriavzevii)、副干酪乳杆菌(Lacticaseibacillus paracasei)在堆积前期的数量有所抑制,堆积结束后P.kudriavzevii、L.paracasei依然能达到和纯高粱发酵样品中相近的菌体量;在加入酒糟后,P.kudriavzevii单菌堆积过程中酸度有较大幅度的下降,由(2.10±0.25)mmol NaOH/10 g酒醅降低至(0.95±0.43)mmol NaOH/10 g酒醅;通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis,OPLS-DA)表明乙酸乙酯、正丁醇、正丙醇、异丁醇、异戊醇是加入酒糟后不同组别间重要挥发性风味成分[变量重要性投影(variable importance in projection,VIP)值>1],且sc+pi组较sc组相比,其发酵25 d乙酸乙酯含量增加了(113.43±0.86)mg/L(P<0.05)。在添加不同梯度的乳酸及乙酸的高粱醅中接入P.kudriavzevii进行固态发酵实验得出,该酵母有着降低堆积醅体系中乳酸的能力。酒糟与高粱比例为1∶1时,其淀粉利用率最高(71.32%),同时风味物质也最为丰富,能够更好地利用资源并提高糟醅的风味成分。该研究对芝麻香型白酒加入酒糟后的堆积发酵有指导意义,并为酒糟添加后堆积醅的酸度调控提供了新的尝试与探索。

常减压蒸馏装置腐蚀调查与防护分析

腐蚀调查是了解石化装置腐蚀程度的重要手段,是企业掌握装置上周期腐蚀状况、快速提出改进措施、做好下周期防腐蚀工作的重要依据。通过采用外观检查、脉冲涡流检测和超声波测厚等方式,对某企业常减压蒸馏装置开展停工腐蚀调查,发现常压塔、减压塔、常顶回流罐和常压塔顶换热器壳程出口管道等部位存在的主要腐蚀问题,分析腐蚀原因及机理,提出维修措施及下一运行周期的腐蚀监检测建议,保障装置的安全稳定运行,并为下一次腐蚀调查工作提供参考和技术支撑。

鸡、鸭、鹅对白酒糟和发酵白酒糟能量利用的比较研究

本试验旨在评价白酒糟和发酵白酒糟的营养成分含量及鸡、鸭、鹅对其的仿生消化总能(SDGE)和代谢能(ME),分别利用仿生消化法和生物学法(排空强饲法)测定。结果表明:1)白酒糟中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗灰分和总磷含量分别为85.63%、18.43%、1.49%和0.21%,均显著低于发酵白酒糟中的89.15%、24.75%、2.37%和0.38%(P<0.05);白酒糟中粗脂肪和粗纤维含量分别为4.64%和24.15%,均显著高于发酵白酒糟中的3.61%和15.50%(P<0.05)。2)鸡、鸭、鹅对白酒糟的SDGE分别为11.15、11.54和10.02 MJ/kg,均显著低于发酵白酒糟的11.86、12.23和10.78 MJ/kg(P<0.05)。3)樱桃谷肉鸭对白酒糟的表观代谢能(AME)为10.42 MJ/kg,真代谢能(TME)为11.29 MJ/kg,能量表观利用率为55.01%,均显著高于杏花公鸡(AME为8.13 MJ/kg,TME为9.39 MJ/kg,能量表观利用率为44.79%)和四川白鹅(AME为8.20 MJ/kg,TME为9.16 MJ/kg,能量表观利用率为43.91%)(P<0.05);而杏花公鸡、樱桃谷肉鸭、四川白鹅对发酵白酒糟的AME、TME、能量表观利用率和能量真利用率则无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,发酵白酒糟中的粗蛋白质、总磷含量高于白酒糟,粗纤维含量低于白酒糟;鸡、鸭、鹅对发酵白酒糟的SDGE均高于白酒糟;樱桃谷肉鸭对白酒糟的ME高于杏花公鸡、四川白鹅;而杏花公鸡、樱桃谷肉鸭、四川白鹅对发酵白酒糟的ME则无显著差异。

多粮浓香型白酒丢糟栽培猴头菌的研究

以菌丝生长情况、转化率及生长周期为评价指标,开展以多粮浓香型白酒丢糟作为主要培养料生产栽培猴头菌培养基的筛选。综合评价各种指标,筛选到1种较优培养基(鲜丢糟72%,棉籽壳12%,木屑10%,麸皮4%,1%石膏粉,1%过磷酸钙)。用该培养基生产菌种,其菌丝满袋时间、菌蕾形成时间与国内生产最为常用的培养基相比分别缩短了3d、4d,感染率提高6%;转化率仅低1.5%。结果表明,以酒糟为主料栽培猴头菌切实可行。