The ability to speak two languages in the non-English-speaking countries is a remarkable achievement. There is a good reason to believe that bilingualism is the norm for the majority of people in the world, because 70...The ability to speak two languages in the non-English-speaking countries is a remarkable achievement. There is a good reason to believe that bilingualism is the norm for the majority of people in the world, because 70% of the earth＇s population are supposed to be bilingual or multilingual. Our purpose of the study was to determine the participants＇ awareness of using true and false cognate words of L 1 （the first language） ＆ L2 （the second language） in learning English. Three hundred and eighty-five selected people from 3,789 statistical population participated in 2014--2015 at three levels of A.D., B.A., and M.A. of Islamic Azad University as well as teachers of English in English educational institutions in Zanjan （Iran）. Each educational level was considered as one category with the total sample calculated by using Kokran Formula, and the amount of each category was determined by using appropriate proportion and randomized categorical sampling method. The participants＇ age was between from 18 to 52, with a mean age of 29 years. The materials were 45 words of true and false cognate＇s words from 500 words by doing CVR （content validity ratio） and CVI （content validity index） （Lawshe＇s table with the index of 88% and 82% respectively） for being reliable and valid. ANOVA （Analysis of variance） was used for studying the effect of educational level on the rate of awareness. In other words, the awareness level has been compared in different educational levels. The results of Dankan test show that： There is no significant difference between the awareness of A.D., B.A., and M.A. levels, but there is a significant difference between the level of awareness of teachers group and the other groups （in true cognate words） and for false cognate words, there is no significant difference between the level of awareness of the four groups in this regard.展开更多
Objective To predict the molecular mechanism of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)complicated with depression based on network pharmacology.Methods The components of Dihuang(Rehmanni...Objective To predict the molecular mechanism of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)complicated with depression based on network pharmacology.Methods The components of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)were identified from the Integrated Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCMIP),Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and relevant literature.The component targets were detected by combining the SwissTargetPrediction and Pub Chem databases.Disease targets were collected from the Therapeutic Target Database(TTD),Dis Ge NET,and Ensembl databases with“diabetic nephropathy”and“depression”as keywords.The disease-component targets were mapped using Venny 2.1.0 to obtain potential targets.A protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)database and Cytoscape 3.7.2.The co-expression genes of the key targets were collected based on the COXPRESdb 7.3.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis were performed for potential targets using R language.Target-component docking was verified and evaluated using Discovery Studio 4.5.Results According to the databases and literature reports,Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)contained 65 active components,and had 155 related targets for the treatment of DN complicated with depression.PPI screening showed that the key targets included serine/threonine protein kinase 1(AKT1),signal transducer and activator transcription 3(STAT3),interleukin 6(IL-6),mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1),and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),etc.GO enrichment analysis mainly involved biological processes,such as lipid metabolism,protein secretion regulation,cell homeostasis,and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase activity.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis included the role of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complements,insulin resistance(IR),neurotrophin signal path,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,relaxin signaling pathway,epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs),etc.Molecular docking showed that the target had high affinity for stachyose,manninotriose,verbascose,nigerose,etc.Conclusion Based on network parmacology,this study preliminarily predict the effects of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)in treating DN complicated with depression by regulating inflammation,glucose metabolism,nution nerve,etc.展开更多
Various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition and this influence is adapted by the dexterity in the normative language. Cognates, words which area like beyond two or addit...Various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition and this influence is adapted by the dexterity in the normative language. Cognates, words which area like beyond two or additional languages in some fields signify an attention-grabbing, illuminating, and crucial facet of foreign or second language learning and research. Forty-five （males and females） participants have been randomly chosen and participated in the experiment in Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran, in 2014-2015 school year. The participants＇ age was between from 18 to 28, with a mean age of 21.5 years. The materials were divided into two groups which include 30 true cognates and 30 false cognates words from 300 words by doing CVR （content validity ratio） and CVI （content validity index） （Lawshe＇s table with index of 88% and 82% respectively） for being reliable and valid. These words have been taught to them, after a week, a test has been prepared about those words. According to the results of T-test for comparing the average marks of learning in every two groups can be said that there is a meaningful difference between the scores. The results show that the students learned true cognate words better than the false cognate words. The results of this investigation conjointly make sure the expectations that cognate-based instruction can absolutely impact in second language acquisition.展开更多
Universe life includes the universe realm, the life realm, human society and man-made materials. Each life has four grades.There are four different “me” in each life: true me, Yang me, Yin me and conscious me. True ...Universe life includes the universe realm, the life realm, human society and man-made materials. Each life has four grades.There are four different “me” in each life: true me, Yang me, Yin me and conscious me. True me never dies while Yang me, Yin meand conscious me all appear and go. The heart of life is also a system consisting of four grades (true heart + Yang me heart + Yin meheart + conscious heart). Life is a four-seasonal whole dominated by heart. True me is true while Yang me, Yin me and conscious meare false. The general law of the universe is an operating body of general rules. Both the operating body of general rules and the lifebody are combination of the true and the false. The operating body of general rules is a body with two aspects and the combinationand an autonomous operation of movement with stillness, gathering with parting and rising with falling. The operating body ofgeneral rules dominated by true me is the universe body. The essential features of the universe body include: 1) it is empty;2) it isabsolutely quiet;3) it exists forever;4) it contains seeds for everything;5) it generates everything in the universe;6) it is solid andwill never break;7) its power is King Kong power. The zero-state of the galaxy is its basic state and the giant blank zone of theuniverse. The galaxy’s turning from zero-state into one-state is getting something from nothing. The operating of general rule ispresented as the four-seasonal movement or metabolism of life. It is a continuity of movement and stillness (life and death) and aprocess of something interacting with nothing. The modes of reproduction of life consist of self-generation, generation byaugmentation and generation by transformation. The Milky Way Galaxy, the solar system and the earth are inorganic life withreproductive system and reproductive capacity. In the positive-going evolution, their inner morality power gradually decreases andundergoes different states and structures. Internal intercourse generates different lives. In the early days of the earth, the temperaturewas high and inorganic lives first appeared: humans, animals, plants and bacteria. When the temperature dropped to a proper degree,organic lives then appeared: bacteria, plants, animals and humans. Now, new lives are still appearing on the earth.展开更多
In the 11 th issue of 2009,'treasure'magazine published the author’s article'four steps to determine the truth of lingbi stone'.This article has been widely cited by professor wen qing of tsinghua uni...In the 11 th issue of 2009,'treasure'magazine published the author’s article'four steps to determine the truth of lingbi stone'.This article has been widely cited by professor wen qing of tsinghua university in the teaching of the China ornamental stone association appraisal and evaluation teacher training class,and has been reproduced by magazines and media,also has its name changed to"the true and false identification of lingbi stone"published,received a good response.展开更多
文摘The ability to speak two languages in the non-English-speaking countries is a remarkable achievement. There is a good reason to believe that bilingualism is the norm for the majority of people in the world, because 70% of the earth＇s population are supposed to be bilingual or multilingual. Our purpose of the study was to determine the participants＇ awareness of using true and false cognate words of L 1 （the first language） ＆ L2 （the second language） in learning English. Three hundred and eighty-five selected people from 3,789 statistical population participated in 2014--2015 at three levels of A.D., B.A., and M.A. of Islamic Azad University as well as teachers of English in English educational institutions in Zanjan （Iran）. Each educational level was considered as one category with the total sample calculated by using Kokran Formula, and the amount of each category was determined by using appropriate proportion and randomized categorical sampling method. The participants＇ age was between from 18 to 52, with a mean age of 29 years. The materials were 45 words of true and false cognate＇s words from 500 words by doing CVR （content validity ratio） and CVI （content validity index） （Lawshe＇s table with the index of 88% and 82% respectively） for being reliable and valid. ANOVA （Analysis of variance） was used for studying the effect of educational level on the rate of awareness. In other words, the awareness level has been compared in different educational levels. The results of Dankan test show that： There is no significant difference between the awareness of A.D., B.A., and M.A. levels, but there is a significant difference between the level of awareness of teachers group and the other groups （in true cognate words） and for false cognate words, there is no significant difference between the level of awareness of the four groups in this regard.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81960714)Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Graduate Innovation Project(JZYC21S52)。
文摘Objective To predict the molecular mechanism of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)complicated with depression based on network pharmacology.Methods The components of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)were identified from the Integrated Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCMIP),Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and relevant literature.The component targets were detected by combining the SwissTargetPrediction and Pub Chem databases.Disease targets were collected from the Therapeutic Target Database(TTD),Dis Ge NET,and Ensembl databases with“diabetic nephropathy”and“depression”as keywords.The disease-component targets were mapped using Venny 2.1.0 to obtain potential targets.A protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)database and Cytoscape 3.7.2.The co-expression genes of the key targets were collected based on the COXPRESdb 7.3.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis were performed for potential targets using R language.Target-component docking was verified and evaluated using Discovery Studio 4.5.Results According to the databases and literature reports,Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)contained 65 active components,and had 155 related targets for the treatment of DN complicated with depression.PPI screening showed that the key targets included serine/threonine protein kinase 1(AKT1),signal transducer and activator transcription 3(STAT3),interleukin 6(IL-6),mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1),and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),etc.GO enrichment analysis mainly involved biological processes,such as lipid metabolism,protein secretion regulation,cell homeostasis,and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase activity.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis included the role of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complements,insulin resistance(IR),neurotrophin signal path,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,relaxin signaling pathway,epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs),etc.Molecular docking showed that the target had high affinity for stachyose,manninotriose,verbascose,nigerose,etc.Conclusion Based on network parmacology,this study preliminarily predict the effects of Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix)in treating DN complicated with depression by regulating inflammation,glucose metabolism,nution nerve,etc.
文摘Various investigations have shown that the native language impacts foreign word recognition and this influence is adapted by the dexterity in the normative language. Cognates, words which area like beyond two or additional languages in some fields signify an attention-grabbing, illuminating, and crucial facet of foreign or second language learning and research. Forty-five （males and females） participants have been randomly chosen and participated in the experiment in Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran, in 2014-2015 school year. The participants＇ age was between from 18 to 28, with a mean age of 21.5 years. The materials were divided into two groups which include 30 true cognates and 30 false cognates words from 300 words by doing CVR （content validity ratio） and CVI （content validity index） （Lawshe＇s table with index of 88% and 82% respectively） for being reliable and valid. These words have been taught to them, after a week, a test has been prepared about those words. According to the results of T-test for comparing the average marks of learning in every two groups can be said that there is a meaningful difference between the scores. The results show that the students learned true cognate words better than the false cognate words. The results of this investigation conjointly make sure the expectations that cognate-based instruction can absolutely impact in second language acquisition.
文摘Universe life includes the universe realm, the life realm, human society and man-made materials. Each life has four grades.There are four different “me” in each life: true me, Yang me, Yin me and conscious me. True me never dies while Yang me, Yin meand conscious me all appear and go. The heart of life is also a system consisting of four grades (true heart + Yang me heart + Yin meheart + conscious heart). Life is a four-seasonal whole dominated by heart. True me is true while Yang me, Yin me and conscious meare false. The general law of the universe is an operating body of general rules. Both the operating body of general rules and the lifebody are combination of the true and the false. The operating body of general rules is a body with two aspects and the combinationand an autonomous operation of movement with stillness, gathering with parting and rising with falling. The operating body ofgeneral rules dominated by true me is the universe body. The essential features of the universe body include: 1) it is empty;2) it isabsolutely quiet;3) it exists forever;4) it contains seeds for everything;5) it generates everything in the universe;6) it is solid andwill never break;7) its power is King Kong power. The zero-state of the galaxy is its basic state and the giant blank zone of theuniverse. The galaxy’s turning from zero-state into one-state is getting something from nothing. The operating of general rule ispresented as the four-seasonal movement or metabolism of life. It is a continuity of movement and stillness (life and death) and aprocess of something interacting with nothing. The modes of reproduction of life consist of self-generation, generation byaugmentation and generation by transformation. The Milky Way Galaxy, the solar system and the earth are inorganic life withreproductive system and reproductive capacity. In the positive-going evolution, their inner morality power gradually decreases andundergoes different states and structures. Internal intercourse generates different lives. In the early days of the earth, the temperaturewas high and inorganic lives first appeared: humans, animals, plants and bacteria. When the temperature dropped to a proper degree,organic lives then appeared: bacteria, plants, animals and humans. Now, new lives are still appearing on the earth.
文摘In the 11 th issue of 2009,'treasure'magazine published the author’s article'four steps to determine the truth of lingbi stone'.This article has been widely cited by professor wen qing of tsinghua university in the teaching of the China ornamental stone association appraisal and evaluation teacher training class,and has been reproduced by magazines and media,also has its name changed to"the true and false identification of lingbi stone"published,received a good response.
