In order to find out the effects of soil fluorine on ecological environment and crop safety in the sorghum cultivation base of Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, the content and the occurrence forms of soil fluorine and ...In order to find out the effects of soil fluorine on ecological environment and crop safety in the sorghum cultivation base of Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, the content and the occurrence forms of soil fluorine and its influencing factors of Maoba Town were investigated and studied. The results showed that the total fluorine content in the soil of the sorghum base ranged from 668.60 to 2 596.80 mg/kg, with an average of 1 483.25 mg/kg, which was 3.10 and 1.85 times of the national soil background value and the average value of the soil in endemic areas, respectively. The spatial distribution of fluorine in the soil of the study area was uneven, and the fluorine content was in the order of Anliang Village>Yangliu Village>Houba Village>Xiongfeng Village. The soil fluorine contents of various forms varied greatly, and the distribution law was as follows: residual state>water soluble state>organically bound state>exchangeable state>Fe/Mn-F state. The residual fluorine content was the highest, accounting for more than 99% of total fluorine content, while the sum of other four forms was less than 1%, with their respective proportions ranging from 0.10% to 0.30%. The content and proportion of available fluorine in water-soluble and exchangeable states were relatively low, which had limited influence on the surrounding water environment and crop safety. The physicochemical properties of soil, such as pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and clay particles had a certain influence on the occurrence forms of soil fluorine, thus changing the availability and migration of soil fluorine, which might endanger the ecological environment safety, food safety and human health.展开更多
Coal-formed gas generated from the Permo-Carboniferous coal measures has become one of the most important targets for deep hydrocarbon exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin,offshore eastern China.However,the proven gas r...Coal-formed gas generated from the Permo-Carboniferous coal measures has become one of the most important targets for deep hydrocarbon exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin,offshore eastern China.However,the proven gas reserves from this source rock remain low to date,and the distribution characteristics and accumulation model for the coal-formed gas are not clear.Here we review the coal-formed gas deposits formed from the Permo-Carboniferous coal measures in the Bohai Bay Basin.The accumulations are scattered,and dominated by middle-small sized gas fields,of which the proven reserves ranging from 0.002 to 149.4×108 m3 with an average of 44.30×108 m3 and a mid-point of 8.16×108 m3.The commercially valuable gas fields are mainly found in the central and southern parts of the basin.Vertically,the coal-formed gas is accumulated at multiple stratigraphic levels from Paleogene to Archaeozoic,among which the Paleogene and PermoCarboniferous are the main reservoir strata.According to the transporting pathway,filling mechanism and the relationship between source rocks and reservoir,the coal-formed gas accumulation model can be defined into three types:"Upward migrated,fault transported gas"accumulation model,"Laterally migrated,sandbody transported gas"accumulation model,and"Downward migrated,sub-source,fracture transported gas"accumulation model.Source rock distribution,thermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation capacity are the fundamental controlling factors for the macro distribution and enrichment of the coal-formed gas.The fault activity and the configuration of fault and caprock control the vertical enrichment pattern.展开更多
Due to the unclear distribution characteristics and causes of fluoride in groundwater of Mihe-Weihe River Basin(China),there is a higher risk for the future development and utilization of groundwater.Therefore,based o...Due to the unclear distribution characteristics and causes of fluoride in groundwater of Mihe-Weihe River Basin(China),there is a higher risk for the future development and utilization of groundwater.Therefore,based on the systematic sampling and analysis,the distribution features and enrichment mechanism for fluoride in groundwater were studied by the graphic method,hydrogeochemical modeling,the proportionality factor between conventional ions and factor analysis.The results show that the fluorine content in groundwater is generally on the high side,with a large area of medium-fluorine water(0.5–1.0 mg/L),and high-fluorine water is chiefly in the interfluvial lowlands and alluvial-marine plain,which mainly contains HCO_(3)·Cl-Na-and HCO_(3)^(-)Na-type water.The vertical zonation characteristics of the fluorine content decrease with increasing depth to the water table.The high flouride groundwater during the wet season is chiefly controlled by the weathering and dissolution of fluorine-containing minerals,as well as the influence of rock weathering,evaporation and concentration.The weak alkaline environment that is rich in sodium and poor in calcium during the dry season is the main reason for the enrichment of fluorine.Finally,an integrated assessment model is established using rough set theory and an improved matter element extension model,and the level of groundwater pollution caused by fluoride in the Mihe-Weihe River Basin during the wet and dry seasons in the Shandong Peninsula is defined to show the necessity for local management measures to reduce the potential risks caused by groundwater quality.展开更多
借助Web of Science期刊全文数据库,系统地检索了近五年关于煤炭地下气化的外文文献,共计150余篇。基于这150余篇论文的研究内容及分布特征,归纳了近期国外关于煤炭地下气化的发展现状及研究内容,探讨了煤炭地下气化的不足及理论研究内...借助Web of Science期刊全文数据库,系统地检索了近五年关于煤炭地下气化的外文文献,共计150余篇。基于这150余篇论文的研究内容及分布特征,归纳了近期国外关于煤炭地下气化的发展现状及研究内容,探讨了煤炭地下气化的不足及理论研究内容。研究结果表明:(1)国外煤炭地下气化论文数量近五年呈现下降趋势,说明煤炭地下气化技术大规模商业化发展仍需要一定时间。其中印度和波兰两个国家的论文数量远超过其他国家,说明这两个国家对煤炭地下气化技术比较关注。(2)近五年国外研究主要倾向于建立气化模型、样品实验研究、气化污染处理、气化工艺改进及地质风险评价等方面。关于实地开展气化项目研究内容较少。(3)煤炭地下气化技术是一种包含物理和化学变化的复杂工艺,现阶段均为单一模块研究,之后随着技术创新并将地面、地下及控制等方面结合,会将煤炭地下气化向商业化发展推进。煤炭地下气化制氢及深部煤层煤炭地下气化是未来的重要发展方向。展开更多
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects (QKHJC(2019)1294)Innovation Group Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education (QJH-KY-Z[2020]023)+1 种基金Moutai Institute High-level Talents Research Project (MYGCCRC[2022]064)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Moutai Institute (X202214625040)。
文摘In order to find out the effects of soil fluorine on ecological environment and crop safety in the sorghum cultivation base of Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, the content and the occurrence forms of soil fluorine and its influencing factors of Maoba Town were investigated and studied. The results showed that the total fluorine content in the soil of the sorghum base ranged from 668.60 to 2 596.80 mg/kg, with an average of 1 483.25 mg/kg, which was 3.10 and 1.85 times of the national soil background value and the average value of the soil in endemic areas, respectively. The spatial distribution of fluorine in the soil of the study area was uneven, and the fluorine content was in the order of Anliang Village>Yangliu Village>Houba Village>Xiongfeng Village. The soil fluorine contents of various forms varied greatly, and the distribution law was as follows: residual state>water soluble state>organically bound state>exchangeable state>Fe/Mn-F state. The residual fluorine content was the highest, accounting for more than 99% of total fluorine content, while the sum of other four forms was less than 1%, with their respective proportions ranging from 0.10% to 0.30%. The content and proportion of available fluorine in water-soluble and exchangeable states were relatively low, which had limited influence on the surrounding water environment and crop safety. The physicochemical properties of soil, such as pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and clay particles had a certain influence on the occurrence forms of soil fluorine, thus changing the availability and migration of soil fluorine, which might endanger the ecological environment safety, food safety and human health.
基金financial support from the National major projects (Item No.2016ZX05006-003)
文摘Coal-formed gas generated from the Permo-Carboniferous coal measures has become one of the most important targets for deep hydrocarbon exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin,offshore eastern China.However,the proven gas reserves from this source rock remain low to date,and the distribution characteristics and accumulation model for the coal-formed gas are not clear.Here we review the coal-formed gas deposits formed from the Permo-Carboniferous coal measures in the Bohai Bay Basin.The accumulations are scattered,and dominated by middle-small sized gas fields,of which the proven reserves ranging from 0.002 to 149.4×108 m3 with an average of 44.30×108 m3 and a mid-point of 8.16×108 m3.The commercially valuable gas fields are mainly found in the central and southern parts of the basin.Vertically,the coal-formed gas is accumulated at multiple stratigraphic levels from Paleogene to Archaeozoic,among which the Paleogene and PermoCarboniferous are the main reservoir strata.According to the transporting pathway,filling mechanism and the relationship between source rocks and reservoir,the coal-formed gas accumulation model can be defined into three types:"Upward migrated,fault transported gas"accumulation model,"Laterally migrated,sandbody transported gas"accumulation model,and"Downward migrated,sub-source,fracture transported gas"accumulation model.Source rock distribution,thermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation capacity are the fundamental controlling factors for the macro distribution and enrichment of the coal-formed gas.The fault activity and the configuration of fault and caprock control the vertical enrichment pattern.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(China)(Nos.ZR2020KE023 and ZR2021MD057)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42002282).
文摘Due to the unclear distribution characteristics and causes of fluoride in groundwater of Mihe-Weihe River Basin(China),there is a higher risk for the future development and utilization of groundwater.Therefore,based on the systematic sampling and analysis,the distribution features and enrichment mechanism for fluoride in groundwater were studied by the graphic method,hydrogeochemical modeling,the proportionality factor between conventional ions and factor analysis.The results show that the fluorine content in groundwater is generally on the high side,with a large area of medium-fluorine water(0.5–1.0 mg/L),and high-fluorine water is chiefly in the interfluvial lowlands and alluvial-marine plain,which mainly contains HCO_(3)·Cl-Na-and HCO_(3)^(-)Na-type water.The vertical zonation characteristics of the fluorine content decrease with increasing depth to the water table.The high flouride groundwater during the wet season is chiefly controlled by the weathering and dissolution of fluorine-containing minerals,as well as the influence of rock weathering,evaporation and concentration.The weak alkaline environment that is rich in sodium and poor in calcium during the dry season is the main reason for the enrichment of fluorine.Finally,an integrated assessment model is established using rough set theory and an improved matter element extension model,and the level of groundwater pollution caused by fluoride in the Mihe-Weihe River Basin during the wet and dry seasons in the Shandong Peninsula is defined to show the necessity for local management measures to reduce the potential risks caused by groundwater quality.
文摘借助Web of Science期刊全文数据库,系统地检索了近五年关于煤炭地下气化的外文文献,共计150余篇。基于这150余篇论文的研究内容及分布特征,归纳了近期国外关于煤炭地下气化的发展现状及研究内容,探讨了煤炭地下气化的不足及理论研究内容。研究结果表明:(1)国外煤炭地下气化论文数量近五年呈现下降趋势,说明煤炭地下气化技术大规模商业化发展仍需要一定时间。其中印度和波兰两个国家的论文数量远超过其他国家,说明这两个国家对煤炭地下气化技术比较关注。(2)近五年国外研究主要倾向于建立气化模型、样品实验研究、气化污染处理、气化工艺改进及地质风险评价等方面。关于实地开展气化项目研究内容较少。(3)煤炭地下气化技术是一种包含物理和化学变化的复杂工艺,现阶段均为单一模块研究,之后随着技术创新并将地面、地下及控制等方面结合,会将煤炭地下气化向商业化发展推进。煤炭地下气化制氢及深部煤层煤炭地下气化是未来的重要发展方向。
