The entry at Zhangcun coal mine in Lu＇an coal mining area in Shanxi Province suffered from severe mining-induced stresses with the heading face driven oppositely to an adjacent working face. In this paper, the charac...The entry at Zhangcun coal mine in Lu＇an coal mining area in Shanxi Province suffered from severe mining-induced stresses with the heading face driven oppositely to an adjacent working face. In this paper, the characteristics of deformation and failure of the entry were investigated in terms of the tempo-spatial relations between heading and working faces through field study and numerical modeling. The three-dimensional （3D） finite difference models were built to investigate stresses, displacements and damages in the surrounding rocks of the entry and the working face. The field study includes selection of reinforcing methods and materials, design parameters, and determination of cable prestress. The monitoring data of entry deformation and stress along the cables during every stage were presented. The state of the reinforced entry was evaluated based on the monitoring data. The results demonstrate that before the heading face of the entry crosses the adjacent working face, the influence of advanced abutment pressure caused by adjacent working face upon the entry is not significant. After they cross each other, however, the lateral abutment pressure will have an evident impact on the entry. The displacement rate of the entry will be greatly increased and reaches a certain value within a certain distance between the heading face and the working face. Then, it will increase again with the presence of secondary mining-induced pressure on the entry when the present working face advances. The fully-grouted cable with short length, high strength and high prestress is an effective way to reinforce the entry suffering from severe mining-induced stresses, which greatly reduces the displacement and failure possibility of the entry. Finally, the principles and recommendations for reinforcing design of entries suffering from severe mining-induced stresses were proposed according to field study, numerical modeling and experiences from other coal mines. Problems encountered in field study and suggestions for reinforcement were also discussed.展开更多
Objective:Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been widely used as an approach worldwide.To explore distribution regularities of the nature,flavor,and meridian entry of Chinese Medicines(CMs)for treating Corona Virus ...Objective:Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been widely used as an approach worldwide.To explore distribution regularities of the nature,flavor,and meridian entry of Chinese Medicines(CMs)for treating Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)by data mining in the relevant literature to provide basis for clinical prescriptions.Methods:The database was established by collecting and analyzing the prescriptions for COVID-19 in regional schemes of CMs for COVID-19 announced by National health Commission and Administration of TCM of the provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions.The frequencies and the distribution regularities of the nature and flavor of these Chinese medicines were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0.Results:CMs with bitter,xin,sweet flavors were widely used in treating COVID-19,most of them entered lung,stomach,spleen,and heart meridian entries,with warm,cold,flat properties.Warm property CMs were used most in coastal areas such as Liaoning,Hebei,Tianjin,Shandong,Jiangsu,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Guangxi and inland areas such as Ningxia,Shanxi,Hubei,and Sichuan,and Guizhou,while cold property CMs were used most in coastal areas such as Heilongjiang,Jilin,Fujian,Guangdong,Hainan and inland areas such as Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Beijing,Shanxi,Jiangxi,and Hunan.Conclusion:The medication regularities of nature and flavor of CMs might reflect the pathogenesis of COVID-19.CMs were used variously according ro the region,reflected the dialectical characteristics of TCM,patients were treated in accordance with seasonal conditions,local conditions and the patient's individuality.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to investigate effective components of dried ginger(DG) in warming lung to reduce watery phlegm and in vivo tissue distribution on the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with c...Objective: This study aimed to investigate effective components of dried ginger(DG) in warming lung to reduce watery phlegm and in vivo tissue distribution on the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) by means of the "syndrome?efficacy?biological sample analysis" method and then to explore its meridian tropism. Methods: Wistar rats were given nasal drops of 200-μL lipopolysaccharide and smoke 30 min two times a day, then put the appropriate dose of ice water, and freeze for an hour to build model rats. On the 16 th day, the drug group was orally administered of DG(500 mg/mL) until the 30 th day. Blood samples and biological tissues were collected from the orbital venous plexus into heparinized hemostasis tubes at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after the last administration. Using ultraviolet-high-performance liquid chromatography(Waters, USA) method, the effective components were tested, and DAS 3.0 software(Mathematical Pharmacology Professional Committee of China, Shanghai, China) was used to analyze the results. Results: The compounds of DG entering into blood were 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, and 8-gingerol. Tissue distribution analysis indicates that three active ingredients are widely present in the lung, spleen, kidney, liver, heart, large intestine, stomach, small intestine, and other organs of rats with COPD. Conclusions: 6?gingerol, 6?shogaol, and 8?gingerol belong to effective components of DG in curing the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with COPD and mainly distributed in organs including the spleen, stomach, lung, kidney, liver, and heart.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the relationship between tissue distributions of modified Wuzi Yanzong prescription（加味五子衍宗方, MWP） in rats and meridian tropism theory. Methods： A high-performance liquid chromatogr...Objective： To investigate the relationship between tissue distributions of modified Wuzi Yanzong prescription（加味五子衍宗方, MWP） in rats and meridian tropism theory. Methods： A high-performance liquid chromatography with Fourier transform-mass spectrometry（HPLC-FT） method was used to identify the metabolites of MWP in different tissues of rats after continued oral administration of MWP for 7 days. The relationship between MWP and meridian tropism theory was studied according to the tissue distributions of the metabolites of MWP in rats and the relevant literature. Results： Nineteen metabolites, mainly flavanoid compounds, were detected in the different rat tissues and classified to each herb in MWP. Further, it was able to establish that the tissue distributions of the metabolites of MWP were consistent with the descriptions of meridian tropism of MWP available in literature, this result might be useful in clarifying the mechanism of MWP on meridian tropism. In the long run, these data might provide scientific evidence of the meridian tropism theory to further promote the reasonable, effective utilization, and modernization of Chinese medicine. Conclusion： The tissue distributions of MWP in vivo were consistent with the descriptions of meridian tropism of MWP.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2008AA062102)the National Science and Technology Program in the 11th Five-year Plan of China (2008BAB36B07)
文摘The entry at Zhangcun coal mine in Lu＇an coal mining area in Shanxi Province suffered from severe mining-induced stresses with the heading face driven oppositely to an adjacent working face. In this paper, the characteristics of deformation and failure of the entry were investigated in terms of the tempo-spatial relations between heading and working faces through field study and numerical modeling. The three-dimensional （3D） finite difference models were built to investigate stresses, displacements and damages in the surrounding rocks of the entry and the working face. The field study includes selection of reinforcing methods and materials, design parameters, and determination of cable prestress. The monitoring data of entry deformation and stress along the cables during every stage were presented. The state of the reinforced entry was evaluated based on the monitoring data. The results demonstrate that before the heading face of the entry crosses the adjacent working face, the influence of advanced abutment pressure caused by adjacent working face upon the entry is not significant. After they cross each other, however, the lateral abutment pressure will have an evident impact on the entry. The displacement rate of the entry will be greatly increased and reaches a certain value within a certain distance between the heading face and the working face. Then, it will increase again with the presence of secondary mining-induced pressure on the entry when the present working face advances. The fully-grouted cable with short length, high strength and high prestress is an effective way to reinforce the entry suffering from severe mining-induced stresses, which greatly reduces the displacement and failure possibility of the entry. Finally, the principles and recommendations for reinforcing design of entries suffering from severe mining-induced stresses were proposed according to field study, numerical modeling and experiences from other coal mines. Problems encountered in field study and suggestions for reinforcement were also discussed.
文摘Objective:Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been widely used as an approach worldwide.To explore distribution regularities of the nature,flavor,and meridian entry of Chinese Medicines(CMs)for treating Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)by data mining in the relevant literature to provide basis for clinical prescriptions.Methods:The database was established by collecting and analyzing the prescriptions for COVID-19 in regional schemes of CMs for COVID-19 announced by National health Commission and Administration of TCM of the provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions.The frequencies and the distribution regularities of the nature and flavor of these Chinese medicines were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0.Results:CMs with bitter,xin,sweet flavors were widely used in treating COVID-19,most of them entered lung,stomach,spleen,and heart meridian entries,with warm,cold,flat properties.Warm property CMs were used most in coastal areas such as Liaoning,Hebei,Tianjin,Shandong,Jiangsu,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Guangxi and inland areas such as Ningxia,Shanxi,Hubei,and Sichuan,and Guizhou,while cold property CMs were used most in coastal areas such as Heilongjiang,Jilin,Fujian,Guangdong,Hainan and inland areas such as Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Beijing,Shanxi,Jiangxi,and Hunan.Conclusion:The medication regularities of nature and flavor of CMs might reflect the pathogenesis of COVID-19.CMs were used variously according ro the region,reflected the dialectical characteristics of TCM,patients were treated in accordance with seasonal conditions,local conditions and the patient's individuality.
文摘Objective: This study aimed to investigate effective components of dried ginger(DG) in warming lung to reduce watery phlegm and in vivo tissue distribution on the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) by means of the "syndrome?efficacy?biological sample analysis" method and then to explore its meridian tropism. Methods: Wistar rats were given nasal drops of 200-μL lipopolysaccharide and smoke 30 min two times a day, then put the appropriate dose of ice water, and freeze for an hour to build model rats. On the 16 th day, the drug group was orally administered of DG(500 mg/mL) until the 30 th day. Blood samples and biological tissues were collected from the orbital venous plexus into heparinized hemostasis tubes at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after the last administration. Using ultraviolet-high-performance liquid chromatography(Waters, USA) method, the effective components were tested, and DAS 3.0 software(Mathematical Pharmacology Professional Committee of China, Shanghai, China) was used to analyze the results. Results: The compounds of DG entering into blood were 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, and 8-gingerol. Tissue distribution analysis indicates that three active ingredients are widely present in the lung, spleen, kidney, liver, heart, large intestine, stomach, small intestine, and other organs of rats with COPD. Conclusions: 6?gingerol, 6?shogaol, and 8?gingerol belong to effective components of DG in curing the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with COPD and mainly distributed in organs including the spleen, stomach, lung, kidney, liver, and heart.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81102683,30973813 and 81173369)the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China(Nos.20110001120055 and 20120001110105)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(No.7132210)
文摘Objective： To investigate the relationship between tissue distributions of modified Wuzi Yanzong prescription（加味五子衍宗方, MWP） in rats and meridian tropism theory. Methods： A high-performance liquid chromatography with Fourier transform-mass spectrometry（HPLC-FT） method was used to identify the metabolites of MWP in different tissues of rats after continued oral administration of MWP for 7 days. The relationship between MWP and meridian tropism theory was studied according to the tissue distributions of the metabolites of MWP in rats and the relevant literature. Results： Nineteen metabolites, mainly flavanoid compounds, were detected in the different rat tissues and classified to each herb in MWP. Further, it was able to establish that the tissue distributions of the metabolites of MWP were consistent with the descriptions of meridian tropism of MWP available in literature, this result might be useful in clarifying the mechanism of MWP on meridian tropism. In the long run, these data might provide scientific evidence of the meridian tropism theory to further promote the reasonable, effective utilization, and modernization of Chinese medicine. Conclusion： The tissue distributions of MWP in vivo were consistent with the descriptions of meridian tropism of MWP.
