Structure and Propagation Characteristics of Climatological Mean Kinetic Energy of Disturbance of Intraseasonal Oscillation in Asian Summer Monsoon Zone

[Objective] The research aimed to study the structure and propagation characteristics of climatological mean kinetic energy of disturbance of intraseasonal oscillation in Asian summer monsoon zone. [Method] When South China Sea monsoon started to break out, the kinetic energy of intraseasonal oscillation disturbance in the monsoon zone was analyzed, especially the researches about the variation of South China Sea monsoon, the development of Indian monsoon and the advancement of East Asian monsoon. [Result] The developed process of Asian summer monsoon had the close relationship with the kinetic energy activity of 30-60 d low-frequency oscillation disturbance. The kinetic energy of disturbance explained the eruption, occurrence, development and termination of monsoon from the energy angle. It was found that the kinetic energy of disturbance in Arabian Sea zone, Bay of Bengal and South China Sea area was the strongest, especially in Arabian Sea zone. It illustrated that Arabian Sea zone (Somali jet) was the biggest energy source of Asian monsoon. The starting mark of monsoon eruption in the whole Asia was the abrupt eruption of South China Sea monsoon. The eruption of South China Sea monsoon in the middle dekad of May was the westward transmission result of kinetic energy of disturbance on the east sea surface of Philippines. The kinetic energy of disturbance in East Asian monsoon zone had the seasonal northward advancement in summer. The high kinetic energy center of disturbance in Indian monsoon zone changed from one to two. They were respectively in Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. [Conclusion] The research provided the theory basis for analyzing the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation.

Prediction and prevention of rockburst in metal mines--A case study of Sanshandao gold mine

Rockburst is a kind of artificial earthquake induced by human activities,such as mining excavations.The mechanism of rockburst induced by mining disturbance is revealed in terms of energy in this context.For understanding the rockburst mechanism,two necessary conditions for the occurrence of rockburst are presented:(1)the rock mass has the capability to store huge amount of energy and possesses a strong bumping-prone characteristic when damaged;and(2)the geological conditions in the mining area have favorable geo-stress environments that can form high-stress concentration area and accumulate huge energy.These two conditions are also the basic criteria for prediction of rockburst.In view of energy analysis,it is observed that artificial and natural earthquakes have similar regularities in many aspects,such as the relationship between the energy value and burst magnitude.By using the relationship between energy and magnitude of natural earthquake,rockburst is predicted by disturbance energy analysis.A practical example is illustrated using the above-mentioned theorem and technique to predict rockburst in a gold mine in China.Finally,the prevention and control techniques of rockburst are also provided based on the knowledge of the rockburst mechanism.

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS ABOUT GROWTH OF THE ENERGY OF DISTURBANCE IN A BAROCLINIC FLOW

This article is concerned with the growth of energy of disturbances in a baroclinic flow within a finite time period. The implicit difference scheme was applied to the linearized vorticity equation, and the disturbance energy was computed for three kinds of vertical shears. It turns out that all the disturbance energy rapidly increases initially, and during the succeeding period there are several stages of growth and decay of energy of disturbances, and from a certain time on, all the disturbance energy begins to decrease.