Reverse flotation desilication is an indispensable step for obtaining high-grade fluorapatite. In this work, dodecyltrimethylammoni- um bromide (DTAB) is recommended as an efficient collector for the reverse flotation...Reverse flotation desilication is an indispensable step for obtaining high-grade fluorapatite. In this work, dodecyltrimethylammoni- um bromide (DTAB) is recommended as an efficient collector for the reverse flotation separation of quartz from fluorapatite. Its collectivity for quartz and selectivity for fluorapatite were also compared with figures corresponding to the conventional collector dodecylamine hydrochlor- ide (DAC) via microflotation experiments. The adsorption behaviors of DTAB and DAC on minerals were systematically investigated with surface chemical analyses, such as contact angle determination, zeta potential detection, and adsorption density measurement. The results re- vealed that compared to DAC, DTAB displayed a similar and strong collectivity for quartz, and it showed a better selectivity (or worse col- lectivity) for fluorapatite, resulting in a high-efficiency separation of the two minerals. The surface chemical analysis results showed that the adsorption ability of DTAB on the quartz surface was as strong as that of DAC, whereas the adsorption amount of DTAB on the fluorapatite surface was much lower than that of DAC, which is associated with the flotation performance. During the floatation separation of the actual ore, 8wt% fluorapatite with a higher grade can be obtained using DTAB in contrast to DAC. Therefore, DTAB is a promising collector for the high-efficiency purification and sustainable utilization of valuable fluorapatite recourses.展开更多
In recent days, the applications of silica-based nanoparticles have gained much attention. The preparation of mesoporous silicas is usually achieved via the modified Stöber method, the reaction attained by the hy...In recent days, the applications of silica-based nanoparticles have gained much attention. The preparation of mesoporous silicas is usually achieved via the modified Stöber method, the reaction attained by the hydrolysis and condensation of silica precursors present within a medium containing template, solvent, deionized water (DI-W) and base. Therefore, the current study aimed to prepare and characterize mesoporous silicas by using tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) as silica precursor and ethylene glycol (Et-G) as solvent. The study was based on the template dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C<sub>12</sub>TMABr) and sodium hydroxide used as an alkaline agent. Mesoporous silicas were prepared in various batches based on TMOS molar concentration, ionized water, NaOH, and other solvents. The characterization of mesoporous silicas was achieved based on their specific surface area, pore size distribution and morphology using different instruments: Brunauer, Emmett & Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). The study revealed that shape, average particle sizes “35 to 550 nm”, average pore radius “1.62 - 4.5 nm” and surface area “350 - 1204 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup>” of obtained mesoporous silica particles were altered based on precursor concentration and other factors. Therefore, it is important to get the most suitable concentration of all chemicals in the preparation of mesoporous silicas to control the particle characteristics to use them upon their further applications. This is the baseline study that provides details regarding prepared silica particles with controlled characteristics, and more studies related to its applications are still in process.展开更多
胺类捕收剂通过吸附在云母表面而改变其亲水性,从而达到浮选的目的。当溶液浓度由1.00×10^(-5)mol/L增加到2.04×10^(-4)mol/L,捕收剂为十二胺时白云母表面接触角由46.71°增大到78.77°,而捕收剂为十二烷基三甲基溴...胺类捕收剂通过吸附在云母表面而改变其亲水性,从而达到浮选的目的。当溶液浓度由1.00×10^(-5)mol/L增加到2.04×10^(-4)mol/L,捕收剂为十二胺时白云母表面接触角由46.71°增大到78.77°,而捕收剂为十二烷基三甲基溴化铵时的白云母表面接触角由25.79°增大到65.31°,说明相同浓度条件下十二胺能更好地改变白云母表面的亲水性,使之具有疏水性。原子力显微镜观察白云母表面捕收剂吸附图也表明,捕收剂浓度为2.04×10^(-4)mol/L,相比十二烷基三甲基溴化铵,白云母表面能吸附更多的十二铵离子。应用Materials Studio 6.1软件,采用PCFF_phyllosilicates分子力场,模拟研究白云母表面的水化作用的变化。结果表明因为伯铵盐能更稳定地吸附在白云母表面,其改善白云母表面亲水性的能力强于季铵盐。从理论和实践上解释了伯铵盐能更好地改变白云母表面的亲水性,使其具有一定的疏水性,从而达到浮选的目的。展开更多
基金the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(No.51974093).
文摘Reverse flotation desilication is an indispensable step for obtaining high-grade fluorapatite. In this work, dodecyltrimethylammoni- um bromide (DTAB) is recommended as an efficient collector for the reverse flotation separation of quartz from fluorapatite. Its collectivity for quartz and selectivity for fluorapatite were also compared with figures corresponding to the conventional collector dodecylamine hydrochlor- ide (DAC) via microflotation experiments. The adsorption behaviors of DTAB and DAC on minerals were systematically investigated with surface chemical analyses, such as contact angle determination, zeta potential detection, and adsorption density measurement. The results re- vealed that compared to DAC, DTAB displayed a similar and strong collectivity for quartz, and it showed a better selectivity (or worse col- lectivity) for fluorapatite, resulting in a high-efficiency separation of the two minerals. The surface chemical analysis results showed that the adsorption ability of DTAB on the quartz surface was as strong as that of DAC, whereas the adsorption amount of DTAB on the fluorapatite surface was much lower than that of DAC, which is associated with the flotation performance. During the floatation separation of the actual ore, 8wt% fluorapatite with a higher grade can be obtained using DTAB in contrast to DAC. Therefore, DTAB is a promising collector for the high-efficiency purification and sustainable utilization of valuable fluorapatite recourses.
文摘In recent days, the applications of silica-based nanoparticles have gained much attention. The preparation of mesoporous silicas is usually achieved via the modified Stöber method, the reaction attained by the hydrolysis and condensation of silica precursors present within a medium containing template, solvent, deionized water (DI-W) and base. Therefore, the current study aimed to prepare and characterize mesoporous silicas by using tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) as silica precursor and ethylene glycol (Et-G) as solvent. The study was based on the template dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C<sub>12</sub>TMABr) and sodium hydroxide used as an alkaline agent. Mesoporous silicas were prepared in various batches based on TMOS molar concentration, ionized water, NaOH, and other solvents. The characterization of mesoporous silicas was achieved based on their specific surface area, pore size distribution and morphology using different instruments: Brunauer, Emmett & Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). The study revealed that shape, average particle sizes “35 to 550 nm”, average pore radius “1.62 - 4.5 nm” and surface area “350 - 1204 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup>” of obtained mesoporous silica particles were altered based on precursor concentration and other factors. Therefore, it is important to get the most suitable concentration of all chemicals in the preparation of mesoporous silicas to control the particle characteristics to use them upon their further applications. This is the baseline study that provides details regarding prepared silica particles with controlled characteristics, and more studies related to its applications are still in process.
文摘胺类捕收剂通过吸附在云母表面而改变其亲水性,从而达到浮选的目的。当溶液浓度由1.00×10^(-5)mol/L增加到2.04×10^(-4)mol/L,捕收剂为十二胺时白云母表面接触角由46.71°增大到78.77°,而捕收剂为十二烷基三甲基溴化铵时的白云母表面接触角由25.79°增大到65.31°,说明相同浓度条件下十二胺能更好地改变白云母表面的亲水性,使之具有疏水性。原子力显微镜观察白云母表面捕收剂吸附图也表明,捕收剂浓度为2.04×10^(-4)mol/L,相比十二烷基三甲基溴化铵,白云母表面能吸附更多的十二铵离子。应用Materials Studio 6.1软件,采用PCFF_phyllosilicates分子力场,模拟研究白云母表面的水化作用的变化。结果表明因为伯铵盐能更稳定地吸附在白云母表面,其改善白云母表面亲水性的能力强于季铵盐。从理论和实践上解释了伯铵盐能更好地改变白云母表面的亲水性,使其具有一定的疏水性,从而达到浮选的目的。
