Enhancing Relational Triple Extraction in Specific Domains:Semantic Enhancement and Synergy of Large Language Models and Small Pre-Trained Language Models

In the process of constructing domain-specific knowledge graphs,the task of relational triple extraction plays a critical role in transforming unstructured text into structured information.Existing relational triple extraction models facemultiple challenges when processing domain-specific data,including insufficient utilization of semantic interaction information between entities and relations,difficulties in handling challenging samples,and the scarcity of domain-specific datasets.To address these issues,our study introduces three innovative components:Relation semantic enhancement,data augmentation,and a voting strategy,all designed to significantly improve the model’s performance in tackling domain-specific relational triple extraction tasks.We first propose an innovative attention interaction module.This method significantly enhances the semantic interaction capabilities between entities and relations by integrating semantic information fromrelation labels.Second,we propose a voting strategy that effectively combines the strengths of large languagemodels(LLMs)and fine-tuned small pre-trained language models(SLMs)to reevaluate challenging samples,thereby improving the model’s adaptability in specific domains.Additionally,we explore the use of LLMs for data augmentation,aiming to generate domain-specific datasets to alleviate the scarcity of domain data.Experiments conducted on three domain-specific datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms existing comparative models in several aspects,with F1 scores exceeding the State of the Art models by 2%,1.6%,and 0.6%,respectively,validating the effectiveness and generalizability of our approach.

Domain-specific modeling and verification for C4ISR capability requirements

An approach was proposed to specify the C4ISR capability of domain-specific modeling language.To confine the domain modeling within a standard architecture framework,formally a C4ISR capability meta-ontology was defined according to the meta-model of DoD Architecture Framework.The meta-ontology is used for extending UML Profile so that the domain experts can model the C4ISR domains using the C4ISR capability meta-concepts to define a domain-specific modeling language.The domain models can be then checked to guarantee the consistency and completeness through converting the UML models into the Description Logic ontology and making use of inference engine Pellet to verify the ontology.

Influence of Software Modeling and Design on Domain-Specific Abstract Thinking: Student’s Perspective

Software engineering has been taught at many institutions as individual course for many years. Recently, many higher education institutions offer a BSc degree in Software Engineering. Software engineers are required, especially at the small enterprises, to play many roles, and sometimes simultaneously. Beside the technical and managerial skills, software engineers should have additional intellectual skills such as domain-specific abstract thinking. Therefore, software engineering curriculum should help the students to build and improve their skills to meet the labor market needs. This study aims to explore the perceptions of software engineering students on the influence of learning software modeling and design on their domain-specific abstract thinking. Also, we explore the role of the course project in improving their domain-specific abstract thinking. The study results have shown that, most of the surveyed students believe that learning and practicing modeling and design concepts contribute to their ability to think abstractly on specific domain. However, this finding is influenced by the students’ lack of the comprehension of some modeling and design aspects (e.g., generalization). We believe that, such aspects should be introduced to the students at early levels of software engineering curriculum, which certainly will improve their ability to think abstractly on specific domain.

基于模型驱动的密码算法可视化开发平台研究

针对密码算法开发平台普适性差、无法跨平台的问题,本文采用模型驱动实现密码算法开发的方法,设计了一种基于模型驱动的密码算法可视化开发平台,提出了一种基于模型驱动的密码算法开发的领域语言—MCL密码元语言;实现了基于模型的代码生成器和代码映射器.实验证明,该开发平台仅需要开发者拖拽图形块的操作就可以实现密码算法模型的建立,然后平台可以根据建立的密码算法模型生成不同编程环境下的代码.平台实现了C和python的代码映射器模块,密码算法模型可快速映射为C、python代码.平台有较好的实用性,开发者的密码算法实现过程简洁、高效,不同编程环境下的代码均可以通过平台自动生成,提高了密码算法实现的跨平台性.

DSML ProcGraph: Overview and a Mid-Size Industrial Application Example

This paper presents model-based approach to process-control software development. The presented approach enables modelling of control software in a straightforward manner and, at the same time, on a high level of abstraction. The essence of the presented approach is a high-level, domain-specific modelling language ProcGraph, which is based on three types of diagrams that describe the modelled system using a domain-oriented hierarchical structure of interdependent procedural control entities and state-transition diagrams describing the behaviour of the procedural control entities. The presented concept is demonstrated by means of higher-level model segments of a real process-control application that deals with the micronisation process in the production of titanium dioxide. The presented industrial case shows that the application of ProcGraph provides adequate expressive power for an elegant preparation of graphic specifications in a transparent and easy way.

应用DSM的航天器供配电分系统架构设计方法

针对复杂航天器供配电分系统全级次数字化模型构建问题,提出一种应用特定域建模(DSM)的航天器供配电分系统架构设计方法,通过抽象供配电领域概念形成供配电领域元模型,基于元模型构建层次化供配电DSM架构模型,通过组件映射和模型转化方法,将DSM架构模型自动生成Modelica仿真模型,开展供配电分系统全链路静态分析和动态仿真分析。以嫦娥五号飞行试验器(CE-5T1)为例,对供配电分系统架构设计方法进行验证,结果表明:该方法实现了设计信息到仿真模型的自动化、一致性传递,提升了仿真验证效率。

面向不可移动文物自然灾害风险图生成的领域特定语言

针对当前不可移动文物自然灾害风险图生成领域需求快速增长、经常变更,而现有程序及工具无法满足实际使用需要的问题,提出了一种构建语义模型的方法,在语义模型的基础之上,为不可移动文物领域专家设计了一种贴近自然语言的领域特定语言(DSL)。首先,通过对不可移动文物本体各项指标数据、风险图生成方法和流程进行深入研究,提取出业务模型。之后,通过分析业务模型,抽象出风险值计算规则的元计算单元,构建语义模型。在此基础之上,设计出一种可表述语义模型中所有语义的领域特定语言。该语言脚本可由领域专家自行编写,能快速高效地生成风险图,且易于扩展,满足需求经常变更的要求。与目前国内外主流的通过地理信息系统(GIS)方法生成风险图相比,利用DSL生成风险图可缩短66.7%以上的工作时长。

垂直领域大模型的定制化:理论基础与关键技术

随着ChatGPT等基于大模型的产品展现出强大的通用性能,学术界和工业界正积极探索如何将这些模型适配到特定行业和应用场景中,即进行垂直领域大模型的定制化。然而,现有的通用大模型可能无法完全适配特定领域数据的格式,或不足以捕捉该领域的独特需求。因此,本文旨在探讨垂直领域大模型定制化的方法论,包括大模型的定义和类别、通用架构的描述、大模型有效性背后的理论基础,以及几种可行的垂直领域大模型构建方法,期望通过这些内容为相关领域的研究者和从业者在垂直领域大模型定制化方面提供指导和参考。

基于MDD和DSM的CNC开发(英文)

分析了传统以代码为中心的嵌入式数控系统(computer numeric control,CNC)开发的缺点之后,提出了融合模型驱动和特定领域建模的优点的基于模型驱动的嵌入式系统开发(embedded CNC development based on model driven,ENDED)方法,该方法以模型为中心,主要包括领域建模语言构建、模型转换和代码自动生成三个部分。随后介绍了基于多视角的元模型建模方法,用该方法构建的领域建模语言能对CNC系统以全面和真实的描述。最后详细介绍了基于领域类库的代码自动生成器技术,并以一个实例演示了ENDED方法的正确性和可行性。

UML-based combat effectiveness simulation system modeling within MDE

To reduce complexity, the combat effectiveness simulation system(CESS) is often decomposed into static structure,physical behavior, and cognitive behavior, and model abstraction is layered onto domain invariant knowledge(DIK) and application variant knowledge(AVK) levels. This study concentrates on the specification of CESS’s physical behaviors at the DIK level of abstraction, and proposes a model driven framework for efficiently developing simulation models within model-driven engineering(MDE). Technically, this framework integrates the four-layer metamodeling architecture and a set of model transformation techniques with the objective of reducing model heterogeneity and enhancing model continuity. As a proof of concept, a torpedo example is illustrated to explain how physical models are developed following the proposed framework. Finally, a combat scenario is constructed to demonstrate the availability, and a further verification is shown by a reasonable agreement between simulation results and field observations.

A Solution Based on Modeling and Code Generation for Embedded Control System

With the development of computer technology, embedded control system plays an important role in modern industry. For the embedded system, traditional development methods are time-consuming and system is not easy to maintain. Domain-specific modeling provides a solution for the problems. In this paper, we proposed development architecture for embedded control systems based on MIC. GME is used to construct meta-model and application model, model in-terpreter interprets model and stores model information in xml format document. The final cross-platform codes are automatically generated by different templates and xml format document. This development method can reduce time and cost in the lifecycle of system development.

一种基于MDA的领域元建模开发方法

模型驱动架构(Model Driven Architecture,MDA)是一种先进、系统、高效的软件开发方法。然而掌握MDA模型转换和实现完整代码生成,具有一定的难度。在研究元建模技术的基础上,对领域建模语言(Domain Specific Language,DSL)与元建模相结合的开发方法进行了探索,该方法基于MDA以模型为中心的思想,能快速通过模型转换实现完整代码的生成,易用性提高。结合Web应用系统这个领域,利用领域型元建模工具MetaEdit+,以学生健康信息收集系统的开发为例,验证了领域元建模开发方式在解决领域问题上的可行性。

面向生产计划分析的协同制造过程建模语言及建模仿真系统

跨企业协同制造涉及要素种类多、联动关系复杂、内外部不确定性影响大,导致协同运行能力弱。针对其顶层统筹管理能力弱、缺乏有效的计划分析手段等问题,提出面向生产计划分析的协同制造过程建模语言,为决策层提供不依赖具体生产数据、兼顾不确定因素的领域专用抽象建模和模型仿真工具。总结并凝练协同制造的领域知识,定义其概念模型,基于概念模型制定协同制造过程建模语言CoM-PML;开发基于CoM-PML的建模和仿真系统POMES4CM,通过执行多过程仿真协助企业管理人员分析产品齐套周期、资源利用率等,辅助决策。选取3种复杂产品的协同制造流程进行案例验证,得到具有指导意义的过程模型和生产计划,验证方法和系统的有效性。

网络发展趋势:从普适通用到场景专用的网络定制

传统的IP网络体制具有互联互通互操作等优点,得到了广泛的部署应用。然而,随着许多领域的用户对网络的可管可控性、安全性、服务质量、移动性、生存性、确定性、灵活性等诸方面要求的不断增长,传统的IP网络体制越来越难以满足需求。通过对领域网络差异化需求以及差异化特点的分析,结合新型网络、网络软件化等技术的发展积累,可以认为,基于领域网络特点进行网络定制将成为未来领域网络的重要发展趋势。论述了领域网络定制的必要性和可行性,首次提出了一个领域网络定制模型,即基于多维属性的领域网络定制模型,并从3个方面、6个维度探讨了基于多维属性的领域网络机制化方法,可以为领域网络定制提供参考借鉴和技术支撑。

图书情报领域大模型的应用模式和数据治理

本文探讨了图书情报领域大语言模型的应用开发与数据治理要求。大语言模型是依赖海量文本数据,经过无监督预训练及有监督标注数据微调而成。领域大模型则是通用大模型经过领域数据的微调而得到,具备解决领域问题的能力,满足领域应用需求。本文首先回顾了生成式人工智能的突破历程,介绍了大模型的基本原理和应用现状,分析了大模型所具备的多任务能力背后的数据因素和数据需求。最后从数据治理角度重点讨论了领域大模型的应用潜力和方法流程。本文的主要贡献在于分析了图书情报领域大模型的应用模式和数据治理,为图书馆行业应用生成式人工智能技术提供了理论依据和实践指导。同时,文章也讨论了行业大模型应用和评估时需要关注的问题和局限性。

A multi-paradigm decision modeling framework for combat system effectiveness measurement based on domain-specific modeling

Decision modeling is an essential part of the combat system effectiveness simulation (CoSES), which needs to cope with the cognitive quality, diversity, flexibility, and higher abstraction of decision making. In this paper, a multi-paradigm decision modeling framework is proposed to support decision modeling at three levels of abstraction based on domain-specific modeling (DSM). This framework designs a domain-specific modeling language (DSML) for decision modeling to raise the abstraction level of modeling, transforms the domain-specific models to formalism-based models to enable formal analysis and early verification and validation, and implements the semantics of the DSML based on a Python scripts framework which incorporates the decision model into the whole simulation system. The case study shows that the proposed approach incorporates domain expertise and facilitates domain modeler's participation in CoSES to formulate the problem using DSML in the problem domain, and enables formal analysis and automatic implementation of the decision model in the solution domain.

模拟集成电路的系统级建模语言和方法分析

阐述可以处理复杂约束条件的模拟电路系统级建模领域专用语言和建模方法,该语言包含系统级模型建模所需的语法要素和语法规约,以及语言要素的语义同电路特征的对应关系,并给出将模拟电路元件、拓扑结构以及设计约束作为系统中的组件,以实现解耦的建模方法。实验表明,系统级建模方法为解决模拟集成电路设计中复杂约束条件解耦提供一个可行的解决思路,具有重要的研究价值。

Research on Metamodels Consistency Verification Based on Formalization of Domain-Specific Metamodeling Language

Domain-specific metamodeling language(DSMML) defined by informal method cannot strictly represent its structural semantics,so its properties such as consistency cannot be holistically and systematically verified.In response,the paper proposes a formal representation of the structural semantics of DSMML named extensible markup language(XML) based metamodeling language(XMML) and its metamodels consistency verification method.Firstly,we describe our approach of formalization,based on this,the method of consistency verification of XMML and its metamodels based on first-order logical inference is presented;then,the formalization automatic mapping engine for metamodels is designed to show the feasibility of our formal method.

基于特定领域建模的数控系统元模型研究

针对当前嵌入式计算机数控系统开发存在的问题,提出一种基于特定领域建模的计算机数控系统开发方法.采用基于特征的元建模理论,从功能属性和非功能属性出发,通过合理划分和描述构成整体的各部分及其相互关系,构建计算机数控领域的元模型.通过元模型解释生成面向领域的建模语言,通过模型解释器自动生成源程序并编译成应用系统.以数控车床系统为实施对象进行了验证,结果表明该方法可显著提高计算机的数控系统开发效率,为其他领域嵌入式系统的开发提供了借鉴.

基于特征模型和构件语义的概念体系结构设计

特定领域软件体系结构(domain-specificsoftwarearchitecture,简称DSSA)是特定领域开发中的重要资产,而基于特征的领域模型使得从领域需求到DSSA的映射成为可能.引入本体作为特征模型的描述基础,通过该方法得到的领域特征本体将同时作为领域内业务构件的语义描述基础存在.在此基础上,提出了基于特征模型和构件语义的概念体系结构设计方法.该方法综合考虑了特征模型中的共性、可变性、绑定时间以及结构关系、依赖关系等对DSSA设计的影响,同时以构件语义作为特征到概念构件设计的过渡.相关方法已经实现为基于本体的特征建模工具和基于特征模型的体系结构设计工具,为特征驱动的领域开发提供了有力的支持.