Thesaurus-based approach for building domain ontology with a case study of military aircraft prototype ontology construction

To alleviate the amount of work involved in constructing a domain ontology, starting with the base of an existing terminological-rich thesaurus is better than starting from scratch. With a case study of reengineering the Defense Science and Technology Thesaurus into a prototype military aircraft ontology, a four-phase thesaurus-based methodology is introduced and investigated, which consists of identifying the application purpose, overall design, designing in detail and evaluation. Designing in detail is the core step, converting the terms and semantic relationships of the thesaurus into an ontology and supplementing richer semantic relationships. The resulting prototype ontology includes 87 concepts and 34 relationships, and can be extended and scaled up to a full-fledged domain ontology in the future. Eight universal genres of relationships of this ontology are preliminarily summarized and analyzed, including equivalent relationships, approximate relationships, generic/abstract relationships, part/whole relationships, cause/effect relationships, entity/location relationships etc., and the normalization of semantic relationships is critical to the merging and reusing of follow-up multiple ontologies.

基于Thesaurus、Taxonomies构建分布式Ontology

本文在分析了Thesaurus Taxonomies与Ontology相互关系基础上,提出了基于Thesaurus与Taxonomies的构建分布式ontology的设想,认为分布式Ontology是在语义和知识层次上描述信息系统的概念模型建模工具,并设计使用分布式数据库来实现分布式ontology系统。

Thesaurus特性及其检索系统外应用的讨论——以INSPEC为例

从词源的角度讨论了Thesaurus的含义 ,确定叙词表是某一特定领域以概念为基础的叙词的集合 ,从而体现一定的知识体系。论文还以INSPEC为例对形成知识体系的参照系统作说明 ,在此基础上 。

Thesaurus在信息搜索中的应用研究

本文对Thesaurus在信息搜索中的应用进行了讨论与分析,主要内容包括:Thesaurus的构造方法,Thesaurus与查询扩张,Thesaurus应用实例,最后讨论了Thesaurus在信息搜索中存在的问题及其发展方向。

Domain-specific modeling and verification for C4ISR capability requirements

An approach was proposed to specify the C4ISR capability of domain-specific modeling language.To confine the domain modeling within a standard architecture framework,formally a C4ISR capability meta-ontology was defined according to the meta-model of DoD Architecture Framework.The meta-ontology is used for extending UML Profile so that the domain experts can model the C4ISR domains using the C4ISR capability meta-concepts to define a domain-specific modeling language.The domain models can be then checked to guarantee the consistency and completeness through converting the UML models into the Description Logic ontology and making use of inference engine Pellet to verify the ontology.

Rac GTPases:domain-specific functions in neuronal development

Understanding fundamental mechanisms governing axon outgrowth and guidance can inform the development of therapeutic strategies to restore neuronal function damaged though injury or disease. Axons navigate the extracellular environment by responding to guidance cues that bind to cell surface receptors to relay information intracellularly via Rho GTPase family members, including the Rac GTPases.

NNL:a domain-specific language for neural networks

Recent years,neural networks(NNs)have received increasing attention from both academia and industry.So far significant diversity among existing NNs as well as their hardware platforms makes NN programming a daunting task.In this paper,a domain-specific language(DSL)for NNs,neural network language(NNL)is proposed to deliver productivity of NN programming and portable performance of NN execution on different hardware platforms.The productivity and flexibility of NN programming are enabled by abstracting NNs as a directed graph of blocks.The language describes 4 representative and widely used NNs and runs them on 3 different hardware platforms(CPU,GPU and NN accelerator).Experimental results show that NNs written with the proposed language are,on average,14.5%better than the baseline implementations across these 3 platforms.Moreover,compared with the Caffe framework that specifically targets the GPU platform,the code can achieve similar performance.

Building a Productive Domain-Specific Cloud for Big Data Processing and Analytics Service

Cloud Computing as a disruptive technology, provides a dynamic, elastic and promising computing climate to tackle the challenges of big data processing and analytics. Hadoop and MapReduce are the widely used open source frameworks in Cloud Computing for storing and processing big data in the scalable fashion. Spark is the latest parallel computing engine working together with Hadoop that exceeds MapReduce performance via its in-memory computing and high level programming features. In this paper, we present our design and implementation of a productive, domain-specific big data analytics cloud platform on top of Hadoop and Spark. To increase user’s productivity, we created a variety of data processing templates to simplify the programming efforts. We have conducted experiments for its productivity and performance with a few basic but representative data processing algorithms in the petroleum industry. Geophysicists can use the platform to productively design and implement scalable seismic data processing algorithms without handling the details of data management and the complexity of parallelism. The Cloud platform generates a complete data processing application based on user’s kernel program and simple configurations, allocates resources and executes it in parallel on top of Spark and Hadoop.

Research on the development of thesaurus in China

Based on the statistics of 130 thesauri having been published in China so far,this article analyzes the development of thesauri in China from the origin,publication year,academic disciplines and quantity of entries collected,and re-defines the development stages.In addition,by collecting the 1,000 relevant research papers,the article also analyzes the theoretical studies from the aspects of the quantity of papers and research subjects in order to give a clear picture of the development and features of the researches on thesaurus in China.

Influence of Software Modeling and Design on Domain-Specific Abstract Thinking: Student’s Perspective

Software engineering has been taught at many institutions as individual course for many years. Recently, many higher education institutions offer a BSc degree in Software Engineering. Software engineers are required, especially at the small enterprises, to play many roles, and sometimes simultaneously. Beside the technical and managerial skills, software engineers should have additional intellectual skills such as domain-specific abstract thinking. Therefore, software engineering curriculum should help the students to build and improve their skills to meet the labor market needs. This study aims to explore the perceptions of software engineering students on the influence of learning software modeling and design on their domain-specific abstract thinking. Also, we explore the role of the course project in improving their domain-specific abstract thinking. The study results have shown that, most of the surveyed students believe that learning and practicing modeling and design concepts contribute to their ability to think abstractly on specific domain. However, this finding is influenced by the students’ lack of the comprehension of some modeling and design aspects (e.g., generalization). We believe that, such aspects should be introduced to the students at early levels of software engineering curriculum, which certainly will improve their ability to think abstractly on specific domain.

The Thesaurus Conception of Russian Youth

There are deep-rooted traditions of researches on the youth problems in Russia, By their trends and purposes they partly concur with the traditions of the humanities in Europe and America. In Russia in different timesmit was the same way in the West-diverse youth concepts had been conveying and continue to express the society＇s expectations for new generations. This is in a sense a theoretical mirror of the natural process of generation change. Under modern conditions these concepts can be reduced to three directions： youth-＂no man＇s land＂, youth-social danger, youth-hope of society. At the same time youth theories have the mark of the socio-cultural contexts and contexts of the development of the humanities in Russia. In this article these similarities and distinctions will be examined.

Research on Retrieval Technique of Electronic Thesaurus

Thesaurus retrieval is fundamental in Chinese information processing.After a brief review of the current technique,this pa-per made a deep analysis to the design of Chinese thesaurus Hash function based on chain address conflict dissolving method,and several criteria,as well as the theoretic expectation of these criteria,were proposed to evaluate different Hash functions.According these values,some experimental Hash functions were proposed which had high efficiency in our test.

基于隐含空间模型降维和LDA模型的学科主题识别研究

【目的/意义】现有学科研究主题的梳理多为领域专家的定性分析和学科学者的文献梳理,一定程度会由于研究思维的局限性和获取知识的片面性造成学科研究主题误判,为有效避免漏判误判现象的发生,提出识别模型。【方法/过程】首先,运用传统LDA模型分析主题特征词;其次,结合上下文语义信息进行中文分词,形成学科主题词库;最后,结合隐含位置聚类算法发现潜在社区,提高主题识别效果。【结果/结论】提出的方法一定程度上优化了主题挖掘算法在识别短文本主题的效果,消除主观意愿。由计算机自行分类并实现科学研究前沿主题的预测,揭示前沿领域的研究热点,为致力于研究前沿学科的新兴学者提供参考价值。

概念、语义与用途:从三个维度诠释类义词典研究

类义词典源于许多词典对词语不作词义阐释,而以近义词替代的方法进行编纂,主要探讨词汇的类义关系。词汇是一个丰富却不杂乱的体系,有其自己可类聚的系统性。词与词之间有多种联系,汇集形成不同的聚合体。类义词典就是词汇系统中的一种根据物类上的意义关系及相关特征形成的庞大词语集合。本文旨在探讨类义词典的术语内涵、语义关系类型,结合俄、汉语中类义关系的划分标准,研究类义词典在科学词汇加工、核心词汇体系建构、语言词汇教学方面的应用。通过对类义词典词汇系统的理论考察和具体的语义分析,来发掘类义词典的语言学价值、其分布和聚合特点,挖掘其在词汇描写中的巨大作用。

基于Semantic Turkey的主题词表及本体构建应用研究

主题词表及本体是语义化知识管理系统的基础数据支撑,对领域知识的语义化组织及知识图谱的构建具有重要意义。在建设公共危机案例知识集成平台的过程中,采用开源软件Semantic Turkey开发主题词表及本体构建功能,并在此基础上实现规范数据录入、词表导航、知识映射等功能,从而支持进一步的语义检索和知识推理。构建的主题词表及本体模型基于语义网标准与技术,具有良好的规范性和互操作性。开源软件Semantic Turkey提供了功能完备的应用程序编程接口,与完全自主开发相比,降低了开发成本,缩短了开发时间,为语义化知识管理系统的开发工作提供新思路和参考依据。

一种多模块图注意力机制和词库构建的电力敏感数据识别算法

在大数据时代下,电力行业的数据共享和融合存在巨大的风险。为此,文章提出了一种基于多模块图注意力机制的新文本分类算法。首先将图注意力机制与Transformer相结合,引入句法关系并运用图注意力机制提取文本特征;其次,为了提高敏感词识别准确性以及改善分词工具对敏感词的识别,提出了一种新型敏感词库构建方法。实验证明,文章提出的方法在敏感文本分类任务中表现出色,同时具备良好的可扩展性。

中国传统音乐知识图谱建构研究

大数据时代,数据数量与种类越来越多,数据之间的关系越来越复杂,数据的应用场景也从传统的统计分析,到现在基于大数据的机器学习、知识图谱等。数据的深度挖掘使用、数据对业务的促进、数据在行业运营等方面均发挥着越来越重要的作用。因此,本研究通过对传统音乐的元数据标注与叙词管理,叙词关系案例阐释,并借助CiteSpace、Graphviz软件对传统音乐进行引文可视化和图结构分析。希望通过挖掘海量传统音乐文献数据背后隐含的知识和技术信息、文献之间关联信息,即“知识图谱”,研究分析传统音乐学科发展趋势,洞见传统音乐学术社交网络与全球视野下其深层规律与动态,以此促进传统音乐的学术生态发展。

嵌入科技创新流程的查新辅助系统——东北大学图书馆科技查新领域主题词表开发与实践

文章对领域主题词表构建技术及专业词库生成方法进行了调研,在现有查新报告中人工专家学术关键词整理基础上,提出了构建嵌入科技创新流程的科技查新领域主题词辅助系统,借助该系统,实现查新关键词语义匹配及自动扩展、相关文献潜在主题挖掘以及检索词智能抽取功能,以期更好地开展科技查新服务,提高查新效率与智能化水平。